Workshop bj (#99)

* Add LaiYu Liquid device integration and tests

Introduce LaiYu Liquid device implementation, including backend, controllers, drivers, configuration, and resource files. Add hardware connection, tip pickup, and simplified test scripts, as well as experiment and registry configuration for LaiYu Liquid. Documentation and .gitignore for the device are also included.

* feat(LaiYu_Liquid): 重构设备模块结构并添加硬件文档

refactor: 重新组织LaiYu_Liquid模块目录结构
docs: 添加SOPA移液器和步进电机控制指令文档
fix: 修正设备配置中的最大体积默认值
test: 新增工作台配置测试用例
chore: 删除过时的测试脚本和配置文件

* add

* 重构: 将 LaiYu_Liquid.py 重命名为 laiyu_liquid_main.py 并更新所有导入引用

- 使用 git mv 将 LaiYu_Liquid.py 重命名为 laiyu_liquid_main.py
- 更新所有相关文件中的导入引用
- 保持代码功能不变，仅改善命名一致性
- 测试确认所有导入正常工作

* 修复: 在 core/__init__.py 中添加 LaiYuLiquidBackend 导出

- 添加 LaiYuLiquidBackend 到导入列表
- 添加 LaiYuLiquidBackend 到 __all__ 导出列表
- 确保所有主要类都可以正确导入

* 修复大小写文件夹名字

UniLab_LaiYu_控制架构详解.md

@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+# UniLab 控制 LaiYu_Liquid 设备架构详解
+
+## 概述
+
+UniLab 通过分层架构控制 LaiYu_Liquid 设备，实现了从高级实验协议到底层硬件驱动的完整控制链路。
+
+## 🏗️ 架构层次
+
+### 1. 应用层 (Application Layer)
+- **实验协议**: 用户定义的实验流程
+- **设备抽象**: 通过 `LaiYu_Liquid` 类提供统一接口
+
+### 2. 控制层 (Control Layer)
+- **LaiYuLiquidBackend**: 设备业务逻辑控制器
+- **PipetteController**: 移液器控制器
+- **XYZController**: 三轴运动控制器
+
+### 3. 驱动层 (Driver Layer)
+- **SOPAPipetteDriver**: SOPA 移液器驱动
+- **XYZStepperDriver**: 三轴步进电机驱动
+
+### 4. 硬件层 (Hardware Layer)
+- **串口通信**: 通过 `/dev/cu.usbserial-3130` 等串口设备
+- **物理设备**: 移液器和三轴运动平台
+
+## 🔧 核心组件详解
+
+### LaiYu_Liquid 主类
+```python
+class LaiYu_Liquid:
+    """LaiYu液体处理设备的主要接口类"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: LaiYuLiquidConfig):
+        self.config = config
+        self.deck = LaiYuLiquidDeck(config)
+        self.backend = LaiYuLiquidBackend(config, self.deck)
+```
+
+**核心功能**:
+- 设备配置管理
+- 工作台资源管理
+- 硬件控制接口封装
+
+### LaiYuLiquidBackend 控制器
+```python
+class LaiYuLiquidBackend:
+    """设备后端控制逻辑"""
+    
+    async def setup(self):
+        """初始化硬件控制器"""
+        # 初始化移液器控制器
+        self.pipette_controller = PipetteController(
+            port=self.config.port,
+            address=self.config.address
+        )
+        
+        # 初始化XYZ控制器
+        self.xyz_controller = XYZController(
+            port=self.config.port,
+            baudrate=self.config.baudrate,
+            machine_config=MachineConfig()
+        )
+```
+
+**核心功能**:
+- 硬件初始化和连接
+- 移液操作控制
+- 运动控制
+- 错误处理和状态管理
+
+## 🎯 控制流程
+
+### 1. 设备初始化流程
+```
+用户代码 → LaiYu_Liquid.setup() → LaiYuLiquidBackend.setup()
+    ↓
+PipetteController 初始化 ← → XYZController 初始化
+    ↓                           ↓
+SOPAPipetteDriver.connect()    XYZStepperDriver.connect()
+    ↓                           ↓
+串口连接 (/dev/cu.usbserial-3130)
+```
+
+### 2. 移液操作流程
+```
+用户调用 aspirate(volume) → LaiYuLiquidBackend.aspirate()
+    ↓
+检查设备状态 (连接、枪头、体积)
+    ↓
+PipetteController.aspirate(volume)
+    ↓
+SOPAPipetteDriver.aspirate_volume()
+    ↓
+串口命令发送到移液器硬件
+```
+
+### 3. 运动控制流程
+```
+用户调用 move_to(position) → LaiYuLiquidBackend.move_to()
+    ↓
+坐标转换和安全检查
+    ↓
+XYZController.move_to_work_coord()
+    ↓
+XYZStepperDriver.move_to()
+    ↓
+串口命令发送到步进电机
+```
+
+## 🔌 硬件通信
+
+### 串口配置
+- **端口**: `/dev/cu.usbserial-3130` (macOS)
+- **波特率**: 115200 (移液器), 可配置 (XYZ控制器)
+- **协议**: SOPA协议 (移液器), 自定义协议 (XYZ)
+
+### 通信协议
+1. **SOPA移液器协议**:
+   - 地址寻址: `address` 参数
+   - 命令格式: 二进制协议
+   - 响应处理: 异步等待
+
+2. **XYZ步进电机协议**:
+   - G代码风格命令
+   - 坐标系管理
+   - 实时状态反馈
+
+## 🛡️ 安全机制
+
+### 1. 连接检查
+```python
+def _check_hardware_ready(self):
+    """检查硬件是否就绪"""
+    if not self.is_connected:
+        raise DeviceError("设备未连接")
+    if not self.is_initialized:
+        raise DeviceError("设备未初始化")
+```
+
+### 2. 状态验证
+- 移液前检查枪头状态
+- 体积范围验证
+- 位置边界检查
+
+### 3. 错误处理
+- 硬件连接失败自动切换到模拟模式
+- 异常捕获和日志记录
+- 优雅的错误恢复
+
+## 📊 配置管理
+
+### LaiYuLiquidConfig
+```python
+@dataclass
+class LaiYuLiquidConfig:
+    port: str = "/dev/cu.usbserial-3130"
+    address: int = 1
+    baudrate: int = 115200
+    max_volume: float = 1000.0
+    min_volume: float = 0.1
+    # ... 其他配置参数
+```
+
+### 配置文件支持
+- **YAML**: `laiyu_liquid.yaml`
+- **JSON**: `laiyu_liquid.json`
+- **环境变量**: 动态配置覆盖
+
+## 🔄 异步操作
+
+所有硬件操作都是异步的，支持:
+- 并发操作
+- 非阻塞等待
+- 超时处理
+- 取消操作
+
+```python
+async def aspirate(self, volume: float) -> bool:
+    """异步吸液操作"""
+    try:
+        # 硬件操作
+        result = await self.pipette_controller.aspirate(volume)
+        # 状态更新
+        self._update_volume_state(volume)
+        return result
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"吸液失败: {e}")
+        return False
+```
+
+## 🎮 实际使用示例
+
+```python
+# 1. 创建设备配置
+config = LaiYuLiquidConfig(
+    port="/dev/cu.usbserial-3130",
+    address=1,
+    baudrate=115200
+)
+
+# 2. 初始化设备
+device = LaiYu_Liquid(config)
+await device.setup()
+
+# 3. 执行移液操作
+await device.pick_up_tip()
+await device.aspirate(100.0)  # 吸取100μL
+await device.move_to((50, 50, 10))  # 移动到目标位置
+await device.dispense(100.0)  # 分配100μL
+await device.drop_tip()
+
+# 4. 清理
+await device.stop()
+```
+
+## 🔍 调试和监控
+
+### 日志系统
+- 详细的操作日志
+- 错误追踪
+- 性能监控
+
+### 状态查询
+```python
+# 实时状态查询
+print(f"连接状态: {device.is_connected}")
+print(f"当前位置: {device.current_position}")
+print(f"当前体积: {device.current_volume}")
+print(f"枪头状态: {device.tip_attached}")
+```
+
+## 📈 扩展性
+
+### 1. 新设备支持
+- 继承抽象基类
+- 实现标准接口
+- 插件式架构
+
+### 2. 协议扩展
+- 新通信协议支持
+- 自定义命令集
+- 协议适配器
+
+### 3. 功能扩展
+- 新的移液模式
+- 高级运动控制
+- 智能优化算法
+
+## 🎯 总结
+
+UniLab 通过精心设计的分层架构，实现了对 LaiYu_Liquid 设备的完整控制:
+
+1. **高层抽象**: 提供简洁的API接口
+2. **中层控制**: 实现复杂的业务逻辑
+3. **底层驱动**: 处理硬件通信细节
+4. **安全可靠**: 完善的错误处理机制
+5. **易于扩展**: 模块化设计支持功能扩展
+
+这种架构使得用户可以专注于实验逻辑，而无需关心底层硬件控制的复杂性。

XYZ_集成功能说明.md

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+# XYZ步进电机与移液器集成功能说明
+
+## 概述
+
+本文档描述了XYZ步进电机控制器与SOPA移液器的集成功能，实现了移液器在Z轴方向的精确运动控制，特别是在吸头装载过程中的自动定位功能。
+
+## 新增功能
+
+### 1. XYZ控制器集成
+
+#### 初始化参数
+```python
+controller = PipetteController(
+    port="/dev/ttyUSB0",      # 移液器串口
+    address=4,                # 移液器Modbus地址
+    xyz_port="/dev/ttyUSB1"   # XYZ控制器串口（可选）
+)
+```
+
+#### 连接管理
+- 自动检测并连接XYZ步进电机控制器
+- 支持独立的移液器操作（不依赖XYZ控制器）
+- 提供连接状态查询功能
+
+### 2. Z轴运动控制
+
+#### 相对运动功能
+```python
+# 向下移动10mm（用于吸头装载）
+success = controller.move_z_relative(-10.0, speed=2000, acceleration=500)
+
+# 向上移动5mm
+success = controller.move_z_relative(5.0, speed=1500)
+```
+
+#### 参数说明
+- `distance_mm`: 移动距离（毫米），负值向下，正值向上
+- `speed`: 运动速度（100-5000 rpm）
+- `acceleration`: 加速度（默认500）
+
+#### 步距转换
+- 转换比例: 1mm = 1638.4步
+- 支持精确的毫米到步数转换
+- 自动处理位置计算和验证
+
+### 3. 安全检查机制
+
+#### 运动限制
+- **移动距离限制**: 单次移动最大15mm
+- **速度限制**: 100-5000 rpm
+- **位置限制**: Z轴位置范围 -50000 到 50000步
+- **单次移动步数限制**: 最大20000步（约12mm）
+
+#### 安全检查功能
+```python
+def _check_xyz_safety(self, axis: MotorAxis, target_position: int) -> bool:
+    """执行XYZ轴运动前的安全检查"""
+    # 检查电机使能状态
+    # 检查错误状态
+    # 验证位置限制
+    # 验证移动距离
+```
+
+### 4. 增强的吸头装载功能
+
+#### 自动Z轴定位
+```python
+def pickup_tip(self) -> bool:
+    """装载吸头（包含Z轴自动定位）"""
+    # 检查当前吸头状态
+    # 执行Z轴下降运动（10mm）
+    # 执行移液器吸头装载
+    # 更新吸头状态
+```
+
+#### 工作流程
+1. 检查是否已有吸头装载
+2. 如果配置了XYZ控制器，执行Z轴下降10mm
+3. 执行移液器的吸头装载动作
+4. 更新吸头状态和统计信息
+
+### 5. 紧急停止功能
+
+#### 全系统停止
+```python
+def emergency_stop(self) -> bool:
+    """紧急停止所有运动"""
+    # 停止移液器运动
+    # 停止XYZ步进电机运动
+    # 记录停止状态
+```
+
+#### 使用场景
+- 检测到异常情况时立即停止
+- 用户手动中断操作
+- 系统故障保护
+
+### 6. 状态监控
+
+#### 设备状态查询
+```python
+status = controller.get_status()
+# 返回包含移液器和XYZ控制器状态的字典
+{
+    'pipette': {
+        'connected': True,
+        'tip_status': 'tip_attached',
+        'current_volume': 0.0,
+        # ...
+    },
+    'xyz_controller': {
+        'connected': True,
+        'port': '/dev/ttyUSB1'
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 使用示例
+
+### 基本使用流程
+
+```python
+from unilabos.devices.LaiYu_Liquid.controllers.pipette_controller import PipetteController
+
+# 1. 创建控制器实例
+controller = PipetteController(
+    port="/dev/ttyUSB0",
+    address=4,
+    xyz_port="/dev/ttyUSB1"  # 可选
+)
+
+# 2. 连接设备
+if controller.connect():
+    print("设备连接成功")
+    
+    # 3. 初始化
+    if controller.initialize():
+        print("设备初始化成功")
+        
+        # 4. 装载吸头（自动Z轴定位）
+        if controller.pickup_tip():
+            print("吸头装载成功")
+            
+            # 5. 执行液体操作
+            controller.aspirate(100.0)  # 吸取100μL
+            controller.dispense(100.0)  # 排出100μL
+            
+            # 6. 弹出吸头
+            controller.eject_tip()
+    
+    # 7. 断开连接
+    controller.disconnect()
+```
+
+### 手动Z轴控制
+
+```python
+# 精确的Z轴运动控制
+controller.move_z_relative(-5.0, speed=1000)  # 下降5mm
+time.sleep(1)  # 等待运动完成
+controller.move_z_relative(5.0, speed=1000)   # 上升5mm
+```
+
+## 集成测试
+
+### 测试脚本
+使用 `test_xyz_pipette_integration.py` 脚本进行完整的集成测试：
+
+```bash
+python test_xyz_pipette_integration.py
+```
+
+### 测试项目
+1. **连接状态测试** - 验证设备连接
+2. **Z轴运动测试** - 验证运动控制
+3. **吸头装载测试** - 验证集成功能
+4. **安全检查测试** - 验证安全机制
+5. **紧急停止测试** - 验证停止功能
+6. **液体操作测试** - 验证基本功能
+
+## 配置要求
+
+### 硬件要求
+- SOPA移液器（支持Modbus RTU通信）
+- XYZ步进电机控制器（可选）
+- 串口连接线
+
+### 软件依赖
+- Python 3.7+
+- pymodbus库
+- pyserial库
+
+### 串口配置
+- 波特率: 9600
+- 数据位: 8
+- 停止位: 1
+- 校验位: None
+
+## 注意事项
+
+### 安全提醒
+1. **首次使用前必须进行安全检查**
+2. **确保Z轴运动范围内无障碍物**
+3. **紧急情况下立即使用紧急停止功能**
+4. **定期检查设备连接状态**
+
+### 故障排除
+1. **连接失败**: 检查串口配置和设备电源
+2. **运动异常**: 检查电机使能状态和位置限制
+3. **吸头装载失败**: 检查Z轴位置和吸头供应
+4. **通信错误**: 检查Modbus地址和通信参数
+
+## 更新记录
+
+- **2024-01**: 初始版本，实现基本集成功能
+- **2024-01**: 添加安全检查和紧急停止功能
+- **2024-01**: 完善错误处理和状态监控
+
+## 技术支持
+
+如有技术问题，请联系开发团队或查阅相关技术文档。

test/experiments/laiyu_liquid.json

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+{
+    "nodes": [
+        {
+            "id": "laiyu_liquid_station",
+            "name": "LaiYu液体处理工作站",
+            "children": [
+                "module_1_8tubes",
+                "module_2_96well_deep", 
+                "module_3_beaker",
+                "module_4_96well_tips"
+            ],
+            "parent": null,
+            "type": "device",
+            "class": "laiyu_liquid",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 500,
+                "y": 200,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "total_modules": 4,
+                "total_wells": 201,
+                "safety_margin": {
+                    "x": 5.0,
+                    "y": 5.0,
+                    "z": 5.0
+                },
+                "protocol_type": ["LiquidHandlingProtocol", "PipettingProtocol", "TransferProtocol"]
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "status": "Ready",
+                "version": "1.0"
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "module_1_8tubes",
+            "name": "8管位置模块",
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "laiyu_liquid_station",
+            "type": "container",
+            "class": "opentrons_24_tuberack_nest_1point5ml_snapcap",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 100,
+                "y": 100,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "module_type": "tube_rack",
+                "wells_count": 8,
+                "well_diameter": 29.0,
+                "well_depth": 117.0,
+                "well_volume": 77000.0,
+                "well_shape": "circular",
+                "layout": "2x4"
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "max_volume": 77000.0,
+                "current_volume": 0.0,
+                "wells": ["A1", "A2", "A3", "A4", "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4"]
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "module_2_96well_deep",
+            "name": "96深孔板",
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "laiyu_liquid_station",
+            "type": "plate",
+            "class": "nest_96_wellplate_2ml_deep",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 300,
+                "y": 100,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "module_type": "96_well_deep_plate",
+                "wells_count": 96,
+                "well_diameter": 8.2,
+                "well_depth": 39.4,
+                "well_volume": 2080.0,
+                "well_shape": "circular",
+                "layout": "8x12"
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "max_volume": 2080.0,
+                "current_volume": 0.0,
+                "plate_type": "deep_well"
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "module_3_beaker",
+            "name": "敞口玻璃瓶",
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "laiyu_liquid_station",
+            "type": "container",
+            "class": "container",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 500,
+                "y": 100,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "module_type": "beaker_holder",
+                "wells_count": 1,
+                "well_diameter": 85.0,
+                "well_depth": 120.0,
+                "well_volume": 500000.0,
+                "well_shape": "circular",
+                "supported_containers": ["250ml", "500ml", "1000ml"]
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "max_volume": 500000.0,
+                "current_volume": 0.0,
+                "container_type": "beaker",
+                "wells": ["A1"]
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "module_4_96well_tips",
+            "name": "96吸头架",
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "laiyu_liquid_station",
+            "type": "container",
+            "class": "tip_rack",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 700,
+                "y": 100,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "module_type": "tip_rack",
+                "wells_count": 96,
+                "well_diameter": 8.2,
+                "well_depth": 60.0,
+                "well_volume": 6000.0,
+                "well_shape": "circular",
+                "layout": "8x12",
+                "tip_type": "standard"
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "max_volume": 6000.0,
+                "current_volume": 0.0,
+                "tip_capacity": "1000μL",
+                "tips_available": 96
+            }
+        }
+    ],
+    "links": []
+}

test/experiments/test_laiyu.json

@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+{
+    "nodes": [
+        {
+            "id": "liquid_handler",
+            "name": "liquid_handler",
+            "parent": null,
+            "type": "device",
+            "class": "liquid_handler",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 0,
+                "y": 0,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "data": {},
+            "children": [
+                "deck"
+            ],
+            "config": {
+                "deck": {
+                    "_resource_child_name": "deck",
+                    "_resource_type": "pylabrobot.resources.opentrons.deck:OTDeck",
+                    "name": "deck"
+                },
+                "backend": {
+                    "type": "UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend"
+                    
+                },
+                "simulator": true,
+                "total_height": 300
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "deck",
+            "name": "deck",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [
+                "tip_rack",
+                "plate_well",
+                "tube_rack",
+                "bottle_rack"
+            ],
+            "parent": "liquid_handler",
+            "type": "deck",
+            "class": "TransformXYZDeck",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 0,
+                "y": 0,
+                "z": 18
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "TransformXYZDeck",
+                "size_x": 624.3,
+                "size_y": 565.2,
+                "size_z": 900,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                }
+            },
+            "data": {}
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "tip_rack",
+            "name": "tip_rack",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [
+                "tip_rack_A1"
+            ],
+            "parent": "deck",
+            "type": "tip_rack",
+            "class": "tiprack_box",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 150,
+                "y": 7,
+                "z": 103
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "TipRack",
+                "size_x": 134,
+                "size_y": 96,
+                "size_z": 7.0,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "tip_rack",
+                "model": "tiprack_box",
+                "ordering": [
+                    "A1"
+                ]
+            },
+            "data": {}
+        },
+
+
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "tip_rack_A1",
+            "name": "tip_rack_A1",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "tip_rack",
+            "type": "container",
+            "class": "",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 11.12,
+                "y": 75,
+                "z": -91.54
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "TipSpot",
+                "size_x": 9,
+                "size_y": 9,
+                "size_z": 95,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "tip_spot",
+                "model": null,
+                "prototype_tip": {
+                    "type": "Tip",
+                    "total_tip_length": 95,
+                    "has_filter": false,
+                    "maximal_volume": 1000.0,
+                    "fitting_depth": 3.29
+                }
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "tip": null,
+                "tip_state": null,
+                "pending_tip": null
+            }
+        },
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "plate_well",
+            "name": "plate_well",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [
+                "plate_well_A1"
+            ],
+            "parent": "deck",
+            "type": "plate",
+            "class": "plate_96",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 161,
+                "y": 116,
+                "z": 48.5
+            },
+            "pose": {
+                "position_3d": {
+                    "x": 161,
+                    "y": 116,
+                    "z": 48.5
+                },
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0
+                }
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "Plate",
+                "size_x": 127.76,
+                "size_y": 85.48,
+                "size_z": 45.5,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "plate",
+                "model": "plate_96",
+                "ordering": [
+                    "A1"
+                ]
+            },
+            "data": {}
+        },
+
+
+
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "plate_well_A1",
+            "name": "plate_well_A1",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "plate_well",
+            "type": "device",
+            "class": "",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 10.1,
+                "y": 70,
+                "z": 6.1
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "Well",
+                "size_x": 8.2,
+                "size_y": 8.2,
+                "size_z": 38,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "well",
+                "model": null,
+                "max_volume": 2000,
+                "material_z_thickness": null,
+                "compute_volume_from_height": null,
+                "compute_height_from_volume": null,
+                "bottom_type": "unknown",
+                "cross_section_type": "rectangle"
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "liquids": [["water", 50.0]],
+                "pending_liquids": [["water", 50.0]],
+                "liquid_history": []
+            }
+        },
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "tube_rack",
+            "name": "tube_rack",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [
+                "tube_rack_A1"
+            ],
+            "parent": "deck",
+            "type": "container",
+            "class": "tube_container",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 0,
+                "y": 127,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "Plate",
+                "size_x": 151,
+                "size_y": 75,
+                "size_z": 75,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "model": "tube_container",
+                "ordering": [
+                    "A1"
+                ]
+            },
+            "data": {}
+        },
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "tube_rack_A1",
+            "name": "tube_rack_A1",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "tube_rack",
+            "type": "device",
+            "class": "",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 6,
+                "y": 38,
+                "z": 10
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "Well",
+                "size_x": 34,
+                "size_y": 34,
+                "size_z": 117,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "tube",
+                "model": null,
+                "max_volume": 2000,
+                "material_z_thickness": null,
+                "compute_volume_from_height": null,
+                "compute_height_from_volume": null,
+                "bottom_type": "unknown",
+                "cross_section_type": "rectangle"
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "liquids": [["water", 50.0]],
+                "pending_liquids": [["water", 50.0]],
+                "liquid_history": []
+            }
+        }
+
+
+        ,
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "bottle_rack",
+            "name": "bottle_rack",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [
+                "bottle_rack_A1"
+            ],
+            "parent": "deck",
+            "type": "container",
+            "class": "bottle_container",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 0,
+                "y": 0,
+                "z": 0
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "Plate",
+                "size_x": 130,
+                "size_y": 117,
+                "size_z": 8,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "tube_rack",
+                "model": "bottle_container",
+                "ordering": [
+                    "A1"
+                ]
+            },
+            "data": {}
+        },
+
+
+        {
+            "id": "bottle_rack_A1",
+            "name": "bottle_rack_A1",
+            "sample_id": null,
+            "children": [],
+            "parent": "bottle_rack",
+            "type": "device",
+            "class": "",
+            "position": {
+                "x": 25,
+                "y": 18.5,
+                "z": 8
+            },
+            "config": {
+                "type": "Well",
+                "size_x": 80,
+                "size_y": 80,
+                "size_z": 117,
+                "rotation": {
+                    "x": 0,
+                    "y": 0,
+                    "z": 0,
+                    "type": "Rotation"
+                },
+                "category": "tube",
+                "model": null,
+                "max_volume": 2000,
+                "material_z_thickness": null,
+                "compute_volume_from_height": null,
+                "compute_height_from_volume": null,
+                "bottom_type": "unknown",
+                "cross_section_type": "rectangle"
+            },
+            "data": {
+                "liquids": [["water", 50.0]],
+                "pending_liquids": [["water", 50.0]],
+                "liquid_history": []
+            }
+        }
+
+
+    ],
+    "links": []
+}

unilabos/device_mesh/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/macro_device.xacro

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+<robot name="liquid_transform_xyz" xmlns:xacro="http://www.ros.org/wiki/xacro">
+
+
+  <xacro:macro name="liquid_transform_xyz" params="mesh_path:='' parent_link:='' station_name:='' device_name:='' x:=0 y:=0 z:=0 rx:=0 ry:=0 r:=0">
+
+    <joint name="${station_name}${device_name}base_link_joint" type="fixed">
+      <origin xyz="${x} ${y} ${z}" rpy="${rx} ${ry} ${r}" />
+      <parent link="${parent_link}"/>
+      <child link="${station_name}${device_name}device_link"/>
+      <axis xyz="0 0 0"/>
+    </joint>
+
+    <link name="${station_name}${device_name}device_link"/>
+    <joint name="${station_name}${device_name}device_link_joint" type="fixed">
+      <origin xyz="0 0 0" rpy="0 0 0" />
+      <parent link="${station_name}${device_name}device_link"/>
+      <child link="${station_name}${device_name}base_link"/>
+      <axis xyz="0 0 0"/>
+    </joint>
+
+    <!-- =================================================================================== -->
+    <!-- |    This document was autogenerated by xacro from xyz.urdf                       | -->
+    <!-- |    EDITING THIS FILE BY HAND IS NOT RECOMMENDED                                 | -->
+    <!-- =================================================================================== -->
+    <!-- This URDF was automatically created by SolidWorks to URDF Exporter! Originally created by Stephen Brawner (brawner@gmail.com) 
+         Commit Version: 1.6.0-4-g7f85cfe  Build Version: 1.6.7995.38578
+         For more information, please see http://wiki.ros.org/sw_urdf_exporter -->
+      <link name="${station_name}${device_name}base_link">
+        <inertial>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0.15478184748283 0.171048654921622 0.119246989054835"/>
+          <mass value="10.6178517218032"/>
+          <inertia ixx="0.178863713357329" ixy="1.50019641847353E-05" ixz="1.35368730492005E-05" iyy="0.174395775755846" iyz="-9.90771939078091E-06" izz="0.34100152139765"/>
+        </inertial>
+        <visual>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/base_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+          <material name="">
+            <color rgba="0.792156862745098 0.819607843137255 0.933333333333333 1"/>
+          </material>
+        </visual>
+        <collision>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/base_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+        </collision>
+      </link>
+      <link name="${station_name}${device_name}x_link">
+        <inertial>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0.325214039540178 0.00943452607370124 0.0482611114301988"/>
+          <mass value="2.10887387421016"/>
+          <inertia ixx="0.0012305846984949" ixy="5.54649260270946E-07" ixz="3.84099347741331E-07" iyy="0.0349382006090243" iyz="-0.000103697818531446" izz="0.0354178972785773"/>
+        </inertial>
+        <visual>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/x_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+          <material name="">
+            <color rgba="0.792156862745098 0.819607843137255 0.933333333333333 1"/>
+          </material>
+        </visual>
+        <collision>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/x_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+        </collision>
+      </link>
+      <joint name="${station_name}${device_name}x_joint" type="prismatic">
+        <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="-0.141499999999982 0.334850000000045 0.357700036886815"/>
+        <parent link="${station_name}${device_name}base_link"/>
+        <child link="${station_name}${device_name}x_link"/>
+        <axis xyz="0 1 0"/>
+        <limit effort="50" lower="-0.3" upper="0" velocity="1"/>
+      </joint>
+      <link name="${station_name}${device_name}y_link">
+        <inertial>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="-1.50235389641123E-05 -0.00104302241099613 -0.0439486470514941"/>
+          <mass value="0.57605998885478"/>
+          <inertia ixx="0.00193021581150653" ixy="3.53777102560584E-08" ixz="2.57202248177777E-07" iyy="0.00224712797067005" iyz="-3.96170906880708E-07" izz="0.000419338880142789"/>
+        </inertial>
+        <visual>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/y_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+          <material name="">
+            <color rgba="0.792156862745098 0.819607843137255 0.933333333333333 1"/>
+          </material>
+        </visual>
+        <collision>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/y_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+        </collision>
+      </link>
+      <joint name="${station_name}${device_name}y_joint" type="prismatic">
+        <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0.2855 -0.0330000368868711 0.0578"/>
+        <parent link="${station_name}${device_name}x_link"/>
+        <child link="${station_name}${device_name}y_link"/>
+        <axis xyz="-1 0 0"/>
+        <limit effort="50" lower="-0.25" upper="0.25" velocity="1"/>
+      </joint>
+      <link name="${station_name}${device_name}z_link">
+        <inertial>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="-1.07272060046598E-06 -0.00954902784618396 0.017834416924223"/>
+          <mass value="0.199932032754258"/>
+          <inertia ixx="0.000219989530768707" ixy="-7.50956522121896E-10" ixz="-1.265045524863E-07" iyy="0.000245054780375167" iyz="-3.76753893185657E-06" izz="4.29092763044732E-05"/>
+        </inertial>
+        <visual>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/z_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+          <material name="">
+            <color rgba="0.792156862745098 0.819607843137255 0.933333333333333 1"/>
+          </material>
+        </visual>
+        <collision>
+          <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 0 0"/>
+          <geometry>
+            <mesh filename="file://${mesh_path}/devices/liquid_transform_xyz/meshes/z_link.STL"/>
+          </geometry>
+        </collision>
+      </link>
+      <joint name="${station_name}${device_name}z_joint" type="prismatic">
+        <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0.000950000000001387 -0.0737000000000002 0"/>
+        <parent link="${station_name}${device_name}y_link"/>
+        <child link="${station_name}${device_name}z_link"/>
+        <axis xyz="0 0 1"/>
+        <limit effort="50" lower="-0.2" upper="0" velocity="1"/>
+      </joint>
+      <link name="${station_name}${device_name}p_link">
+        
+      </link>
+      <joint name="${station_name}${device_name}p_joint" type="fixed">
+        <origin rpy="0 0 0" xyz="0 -0.0139999999999999 -0.10575"/>
+        <parent link="${station_name}${device_name}z_link"/>
+        <child link="${station_name}${device_name}p_link"/>
+        <axis xyz="0 0 0"/>
+      </joint>
+
+  </xacro:macro>
+
+</robot>

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+"""
+LaiYu_Liquid 液体处理工作站集成模块
+
+该模块提供了 LaiYu_Liquid 工作站与 UniLabOS 的完整集成，包括：
+- 硬件后端和抽象接口
+- 资源定义和管理
+- 协议执行和液体传输
+- 工作台配置和布局
+
+主要组件：
+- LaiYuLiquidBackend: 硬件后端实现
+- LaiYuLiquid: 液体处理器抽象接口
+- 各种资源类：枪头架、板、容器等
+- 便捷创建函数和配置管理
+
+使用示例：
+    from unilabos.devices.laiyu_liquid import (
+        LaiYuLiquid, 
+        LaiYuLiquidBackend,
+        create_standard_deck,
+        create_tip_rack_1000ul
+    )
+    
+    # 创建后端和液体处理器
+    backend = LaiYuLiquidBackend()
+    lh = LaiYuLiquid(backend=backend)
+    
+    # 创建工作台
+    deck = create_standard_deck()
+    lh.deck = deck
+    
+    # 设置和运行
+    await lh.setup()
+"""
+
+# 版本信息
+__version__ = "1.0.0"
+__author__ = "LaiYu_Liquid Integration Team"
+__description__ = "LaiYu_Liquid 液体处理工作站 UniLabOS 集成模块"
+
+# 驱动程序导入
+from .drivers import (
+    XYZStepperController,
+    SOPAPipette,
+    MotorAxis,
+    MotorStatus,
+    SOPAConfig,
+    SOPAStatusCode,
+    StepperMotorDriver
+)
+
+# 控制器导入
+from .controllers import (
+    XYZController,
+    PipetteController,
+)
+
+# 后端导入
+from .backend.rviz_backend import (
+    LiquidHandlerRvizBackend,
+)
+
+# 资源类和创建函数导入
+from .core.laiyu_liquid_res import (
+    LaiYuLiquidDeck,
+    LaiYuLiquidContainer,
+    LaiYuLiquidTipRack
+)
+
+# 主设备类和配置
+from .core.laiyu_liquid_main import (
+    LaiYuLiquid,
+    LaiYuLiquidConfig,
+    LaiYuLiquidDeck,
+    LaiYuLiquidContainer,
+    LaiYuLiquidTipRack,
+    create_quick_setup
+)
+
+# 后端创建函数导入
+from .backend import (
+    LaiYuLiquidBackend,
+    create_laiyu_backend,
+)
+
+# 导出所有公共接口
+__all__ = [
+    # 版本信息
+    "__version__",
+    "__author__",
+    "__description__",
+    
+    # 驱动程序
+    "SOPAPipette",
+    "SOPAConfig", 
+    "StepperMotorDriver",
+    "XYZStepperController",
+    
+    # 控制器
+    "PipetteController",
+    "XYZController",
+    
+    # 后端
+    "LiquidHandlerRvizBackend",
+    
+    # 资源创建函数
+    "create_tip_rack_1000ul",
+    "create_tip_rack_200ul", 
+    "create_96_well_plate",
+    "create_deep_well_plate",
+    "create_8_tube_rack",
+    "create_standard_deck",
+    "create_waste_container",
+    "create_wash_container",
+    "create_reagent_container",
+    "load_deck_config",
+    
+    # 后端创建函数
+    "create_laiyu_backend",
+    
+    # 主要类
+    "LaiYuLiquid",
+    "LaiYuLiquidConfig", 
+    "LaiYuLiquidBackend",
+    "LaiYuLiquidDeck",
+    
+    # 工具函数
+    "get_version",
+    "get_supported_resources",
+    "create_quick_setup",
+    "validate_installation",
+    "print_module_info",
+    "setup_logging",
+]
+
+# 别名定义，为了向后兼容
+LaiYuLiquidDevice = LaiYuLiquid  # 主设备类别名
+LaiYuLiquidController = XYZController  # 控制器别名
+LaiYuLiquidDriver = XYZStepperController  # 驱动器别名
+
+# 模块级别的便捷函数
+
+def get_version() -> str:
+    """
+    获取模块版本
+    
+    Returns:
+        str: 版本号
+    """
+    return __version__
+
+
+def get_supported_resources() -> dict:
+    """
+    获取支持的资源类型
+    
+    Returns:
+        dict: 支持的资源类型字典
+    """
+    return {
+        "tip_racks": {
+            "LaiYuLiquidTipRack": LaiYuLiquidTipRack,
+        },
+        "containers": {
+            "LaiYuLiquidContainer": LaiYuLiquidContainer,
+        },
+        "decks": {
+            "LaiYuLiquidDeck": LaiYuLiquidDeck,
+        },
+        "devices": {
+            "LaiYuLiquid": LaiYuLiquid,
+        }
+    }
+
+
+def create_quick_setup() -> tuple:
+    """
+    快速创建基本设置
+    
+    Returns:
+        tuple: (backend, controllers, resources) 的元组
+    """
+    # 创建后端
+    backend = LiquidHandlerRvizBackend()
+    
+    # 创建控制器（使用默认端口进行演示）
+    pipette_controller = PipetteController(port="/dev/ttyUSB0", address=4)
+    xyz_controller = XYZController(port="/dev/ttyUSB1", auto_connect=False)
+    
+    # 创建测试资源
+    tip_rack_1000 = create_tip_rack_1000ul("tip_rack_1000")
+    tip_rack_200 = create_tip_rack_200ul("tip_rack_200")
+    well_plate = create_96_well_plate("96_well_plate")
+    
+    controllers = {
+        'pipette': pipette_controller,
+        'xyz': xyz_controller
+    }
+    
+    resources = {
+        'tip_rack_1000': tip_rack_1000,
+        'tip_rack_200': tip_rack_200,
+        'well_plate': well_plate
+    }
+    
+    return backend, controllers, resources
+
+
+def validate_installation() -> bool:
+    """
+    验证模块安装是否正确
+    
+    Returns:
+        bool: 安装是否正确
+    """
+    try:
+        # 检查核心类是否可以导入
+        from .core.laiyu_liquid_main import LaiYuLiquid, LaiYuLiquidConfig
+        from .backend import LaiYuLiquidBackend
+        from .controllers import XYZController, PipetteController
+        from .drivers import XYZStepperController, SOPAPipette
+        
+        # 尝试创建基本对象
+        config = LaiYuLiquidConfig()
+        backend = create_laiyu_backend("validation_test")
+        
+        print("模块安装验证成功")
+        return True
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"模块安装验证失败: {e}")
+        return False
+
+
+def print_module_info():
+    """打印模块信息"""
+    print(f"LaiYu_Liquid 集成模块")
+    print(f"版本: {__version__}")
+    print(f"作者: {__author__}")
+    print(f"描述: {__description__}")
+    print(f"")
+    print(f"支持的资源类型:")
+    
+    resources = get_supported_resources()
+    for category, types in resources.items():
+        print(f"  {category}:")
+        for type_name, type_class in types.items():
+            print(f"    - {type_name}: {type_class.__name__}")
+    
+    print(f"")
+    print(f"主要功能:")
+    print(f"  - 硬件集成: LaiYuLiquidBackend")
+    print(f"  - 抽象接口: LaiYuLiquid")
+    print(f"  - 资源管理: 各种资源类和创建函数")
+    print(f"  - 协议执行: transfer_liquid 和相关函数")
+    print(f"  - 配置管理: deck.json 和加载函数")
+
+
+# 模块初始化时的检查
+def _check_dependencies():
+    """检查依赖项"""
+    try:
+        import pylabrobot
+        import asyncio
+        import json
+        import logging
+        return True
+    except ImportError as e:
+        import logging
+        logging.warning(f"缺少依赖项 {e}")
+        return False
+
+
+# 执行依赖检查
+_dependencies_ok = _check_dependencies()
+
+if not _dependencies_ok:
+    import logging
+    logging.warning("某些依赖项缺失，模块功能可能受限")
+
+
+# 模块级别的日志配置
+import logging
+
+def setup_logging(level: str = "INFO"):
+    """
+    设置模块日志
+    
+    Args:
+        level: 日志级别 (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR)
+    """
+    logger = logging.getLogger("LaiYu_Liquid")
+    logger.setLevel(getattr(logging, level.upper()))
+    
+    if not logger.handlers:
+        handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+        formatter = logging.Formatter(
+            '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
+        )
+        handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+        logger.addHandler(handler)
+    
+    return logger
+
+
+# 默认日志设置
+_logger = setup_logging()

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/backend/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+"""
+LaiYu液体处理设备后端模块
+
+提供设备后端接口和实现
+"""
+
+from .laiyu_backend import LaiYuLiquidBackend, create_laiyu_backend
+
+__all__ = ['LaiYuLiquidBackend', 'create_laiyu_backend']

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/backend/laiyu_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+"""
+LaiYu液体处理设备后端实现
+
+提供设备的后端接口和控制逻辑
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Dict, Any, Optional, List
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+
+# 尝试导入PyLabRobot后端
+try:
+    from pylabrobot.liquid_handling.backends import LiquidHandlerBackend
+    PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE = False
+    # 创建模拟后端基类
+    class LiquidHandlerBackend:
+        def __init__(self, name: str):
+            self.name = name
+            self.is_connected = False
+        
+        def connect(self):
+            """连接设备"""
+            pass
+        
+        def disconnect(self):
+            """断开连接"""
+            pass
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquidBackend(LiquidHandlerBackend):
+    """LaiYu液体处理设备后端"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str = "LaiYu_Liquid_Backend"):
+        """
+        初始化LaiYu液体处理设备后端
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 后端名称
+        """
+        if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+            # PyLabRobot 的 LiquidHandlerBackend 不接受参数
+            super().__init__()
+        else:
+            # 模拟版本接受 name 参数
+            super().__init__(name)
+        
+        self.name = name
+        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        self.is_connected = False
+        self.device_info = {
+            "name": "LaiYu液体处理设备",
+            "version": "1.0.0",
+            "manufacturer": "LaiYu",
+            "model": "LaiYu_Liquid_Handler"
+        }
+    
+    def connect(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        连接到LaiYu液体处理设备
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 连接是否成功
+        """
+        try:
+            self.logger.info("正在连接到LaiYu液体处理设备...")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的设备连接逻辑
+            # 目前返回模拟连接成功
+            self.is_connected = True
+            self.logger.info("成功连接到LaiYu液体处理设备")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"连接LaiYu液体处理设备失败: {e}")
+            self.is_connected = False
+            return False
+    
+    def disconnect(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        断开与LaiYu液体处理设备的连接
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 断开连接是否成功
+        """
+        try:
+            self.logger.info("正在断开与LaiYu液体处理设备的连接...")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的设备断开连接逻辑
+            self.is_connected = False
+            self.logger.info("成功断开与LaiYu液体处理设备的连接")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"断开LaiYu液体处理设备连接失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def is_device_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        检查设备是否已连接
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 设备是否已连接
+        """
+        return self.is_connected
+    
+    def get_device_info(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        获取设备信息
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dict[str, Any]: 设备信息字典
+        """
+        return self.device_info.copy()
+    
+    def home_device(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        设备归零操作
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 归零是否成功
+        """
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            self.logger.error("设备未连接，无法执行归零操作")
+            return False
+        
+        try:
+            self.logger.info("正在执行设备归零操作...")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的设备归零逻辑
+            self.logger.info("设备归零操作完成")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"设备归零操作失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def aspirate(self, volume: float, location: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """
+        吸液操作
+        
+        Args:
+            volume: 吸液体积 (微升)
+            location: 吸液位置信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 吸液是否成功
+        """
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            self.logger.error("设备未连接，无法执行吸液操作")
+            return False
+        
+        try:
+            self.logger.info(f"正在执行吸液操作: 体积={volume}μL, 位置={location}")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的吸液逻辑
+            self.logger.info("吸液操作完成")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"吸液操作失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def dispense(self, volume: float, location: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """
+        排液操作
+        
+        Args:
+            volume: 排液体积 (微升)
+            location: 排液位置信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 排液是否成功
+        """
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            self.logger.error("设备未连接，无法执行排液操作")
+            return False
+        
+        try:
+            self.logger.info(f"正在执行排液操作: 体积={volume}μL, 位置={location}")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的排液逻辑
+            self.logger.info("排液操作完成")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"排液操作失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def pick_up_tip(self, location: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """
+        取枪头操作
+        
+        Args:
+            location: 枪头位置信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 取枪头是否成功
+        """
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            self.logger.error("设备未连接，无法执行取枪头操作")
+            return False
+        
+        try:
+            self.logger.info(f"正在执行取枪头操作: 位置={location}")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的取枪头逻辑
+            self.logger.info("取枪头操作完成")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"取枪头操作失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def drop_tip(self, location: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """
+        丢弃枪头操作
+        
+        Args:
+            location: 丢弃位置信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 丢弃枪头是否成功
+        """
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            self.logger.error("设备未连接，无法执行丢弃枪头操作")
+            return False
+        
+        try:
+            self.logger.info(f"正在执行丢弃枪头操作: 位置={location}")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的丢弃枪头逻辑
+            self.logger.info("丢弃枪头操作完成")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"丢弃枪头操作失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def move_to(self, location: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """
+        移动到指定位置
+        
+        Args:
+            location: 目标位置信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 移动是否成功
+        """
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            self.logger.error("设备未连接，无法执行移动操作")
+            return False
+        
+        try:
+            self.logger.info(f"正在移动到位置: {location}")
+            # 这里应该实现实际的移动逻辑
+            self.logger.info("移动操作完成")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"移动操作失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def get_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        获取设备状态
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dict[str, Any]: 设备状态信息
+        """
+        return {
+            "connected": self.is_connected,
+            "device_info": self.device_info,
+            "status": "ready" if self.is_connected else "disconnected"
+        }
+    
+    # PyLabRobot 抽象方法实现
+    def stop(self):
+        """停止所有操作"""
+        self.logger.info("停止所有操作")
+        pass
+    
+    @property
+    def num_channels(self) -> int:
+        """返回通道数量"""
+        return 1  # 单通道移液器
+    
+    def can_pick_up_tip(self, tip_rack, tip_position) -> bool:
+        """检查是否可以拾取吸头"""
+        return True  # 简化实现，总是返回True
+    
+    def pick_up_tips(self, tip_rack, tip_positions):
+        """拾取多个吸头"""
+        self.logger.info(f"拾取吸头: {tip_positions}")
+        pass
+    
+    def drop_tips(self, tip_rack, tip_positions):
+        """丢弃多个吸头"""
+        self.logger.info(f"丢弃吸头: {tip_positions}")
+        pass
+    
+    def pick_up_tips96(self, tip_rack):
+        """拾取96个吸头"""
+        self.logger.info("拾取96个吸头")
+        pass
+    
+    def drop_tips96(self, tip_rack):
+        """丢弃96个吸头"""
+        self.logger.info("丢弃96个吸头")
+        pass
+    
+    def aspirate96(self, volume, plate, well_positions):
+        """96通道吸液"""
+        self.logger.info(f"96通道吸液: 体积={volume}")
+        pass
+    
+    def dispense96(self, volume, plate, well_positions):
+        """96通道排液"""
+        self.logger.info(f"96通道排液: 体积={volume}")
+        pass
+    
+    def pick_up_resource(self, resource, location):
+        """拾取资源"""
+        self.logger.info(f"拾取资源: {resource}")
+        pass
+    
+    def drop_resource(self, resource, location):
+        """放置资源"""
+        self.logger.info(f"放置资源: {resource}")
+        pass
+    
+    def move_picked_up_resource(self, resource, location):
+        """移动已拾取的资源"""
+        self.logger.info(f"移动资源: {resource} 到 {location}")
+        pass
+
+
+def create_laiyu_backend(name: str = "LaiYu_Liquid_Backend") -> LaiYuLiquidBackend:
+    """
+    创建LaiYu液体处理设备后端实例
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 后端名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuLiquidBackend: 后端实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuLiquidBackend(name)

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/backend/rviz_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+      
+import json
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
+
+from pylabrobot.liquid_handling.backends.backend import (
+  LiquidHandlerBackend,
+)
+from pylabrobot.liquid_handling.standard import (
+  Drop,
+  DropTipRack,
+  MultiHeadAspirationContainer,
+  MultiHeadAspirationPlate,
+  MultiHeadDispenseContainer,
+  MultiHeadDispensePlate,
+  Pickup,
+  PickupTipRack,
+  ResourceDrop,
+  ResourceMove,
+  ResourcePickup,
+  SingleChannelAspiration,
+  SingleChannelDispense,
+)
+from pylabrobot.resources import Resource, Tip
+
+import rclpy
+from rclpy.node import Node
+from sensor_msgs.msg import JointState
+import time
+from rclpy.action import ActionClient
+from unilabos_msgs.action import SendCmd
+import re
+
+from unilabos.devices.ros_dev.liquid_handler_joint_publisher import JointStatePublisher
+
+
+class LiquidHandlerRvizBackend(LiquidHandlerBackend):
+  """Chatter box backend for device-free testing. Prints out all operations."""
+
+  _pip_length = 5
+  _vol_length = 8
+  _resource_length = 20
+  _offset_length = 16
+  _flow_rate_length = 10
+  _blowout_length = 10
+  _lld_z_length = 10
+  _kwargs_length = 15
+  _tip_type_length = 12
+  _max_volume_length = 16
+  _fitting_depth_length = 20
+  _tip_length_length = 16
+  # _pickup_method_length = 20
+  _filter_length = 10
+
+  def __init__(self, num_channels: int = 8):
+    """Initialize a chatter box backend."""
+    super().__init__()
+    self._num_channels = num_channels
+# rclpy.init()
+    if not rclpy.ok():
+        rclpy.init()
+    self.joint_state_publisher = None
+
+  async def setup(self):
+    self.joint_state_publisher = JointStatePublisher()
+    await super().setup()
+  async def stop(self):
+    pass
+
+  def serialize(self) -> dict:
+    return {**super().serialize(), "num_channels": self.num_channels}
+
+  @property
+  def num_channels(self) -> int:
+    return self._num_channels
+
+  async def assigned_resource_callback(self, resource: Resource):
+    pass
+
+  async def unassigned_resource_callback(self, name: str):
+    pass
+
+  async def pick_up_tips(self, ops: List[Pickup], use_channels: List[int], **backend_kwargs):
+
+    for op, channel in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(op.offset.x, 1)},{round(op.offset.y, 1)},{round(op.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{channel}: "
+        f"{op.resource.name[-30:]:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.__class__.__name__:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_type_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.maximal_volume:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._max_volume_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.fitting_depth:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._fitting_depth_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.total_tip_length:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_length_length}} "
+        # f"{str(op.tip.pickup_method)[-20:]:<{ChatterboxBackend._pickup_method_length}} "
+        f"{'Yes' if op.tip.has_filter else 'No':<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._filter_length}}"
+      )
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    x = coordinate.x
+    y = coordinate.y
+    z = coordinate.z + 70
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "pick")
+    #   goback()
+
+
+
+
+  async def drop_tips(self, ops: List[Drop], use_channels: List[int], **backend_kwargs):
+
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    x = coordinate.x
+    y = coordinate.y
+    z = coordinate.z + 70
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "drop_trash")
+    #   goback()
+
+  async def aspirate(
+    self,
+    ops: List[SingleChannelAspiration],
+    use_channels: List[int],
+    **backend_kwargs,
+  ):
+    # 执行吸液操作
+    pass
+
+    for o, p in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(o.offset.x, 1)},{round(o.offset.y, 1)},{round(o.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{p}: "
+        f"{o.volume:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._vol_length}} "
+        f"{o.resource.name[-20:]:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.flow_rate):<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._flow_rate_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.blow_out_air_volume):<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._blowout_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.liquid_height):<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._lld_z_length}} "
+        # f"{o.liquids if o.liquids is not None else 'none'}"
+      )
+      for key, value in backend_kwargs.items():
+        if isinstance(value, list) and all(isinstance(v, bool) for v in value):
+          value = "".join("T" if v else "F" for v in value)
+        if isinstance(value, list):
+          value = "".join(map(str, value))
+        row += f" {value:<15}"
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    x = coordinate.x
+    y = coordinate.y
+    z = coordinate.z + 70 
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "")
+
+
+  async def dispense(
+    self,
+    ops: List[SingleChannelDispense],
+    use_channels: List[int],
+    **backend_kwargs,
+  ):
+
+    for o, p in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(o.offset.x, 1)},{round(o.offset.y, 1)},{round(o.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{p}: "
+        f"{o.volume:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._vol_length}} "
+        f"{o.resource.name[-20:]:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.flow_rate):<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._flow_rate_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.blow_out_air_volume):<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._blowout_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.liquid_height):<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._lld_z_length}} "
+        # f"{o.liquids if o.liquids is not None else 'none'}"
+      )
+      for key, value in backend_kwargs.items():
+        if isinstance(value, list) and all(isinstance(v, bool) for v in value):
+          value = "".join("T" if v else "F" for v in value)
+        if isinstance(value, list):
+          value = "".join(map(str, value))
+        row += f" {value:<{LiquidHandlerRvizBackend._kwargs_length}}"
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    x = coordinate.x
+    y = coordinate.y
+    z = coordinate.z + 70
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "")
+
+  async def pick_up_tips96(self, pickup: PickupTipRack, **backend_kwargs):
+    pass
+
+  async def drop_tips96(self, drop: DropTipRack, **backend_kwargs):
+    pass
+
+  async def aspirate96(
+    self, aspiration: Union[MultiHeadAspirationPlate, MultiHeadAspirationContainer]
+  ):
+    pass
+
+  async def dispense96(self, dispense: Union[MultiHeadDispensePlate, MultiHeadDispenseContainer]):
+    pass
+
+  async def pick_up_resource(self, pickup: ResourcePickup):
+    # 执行资源拾取操作
+    pass
+
+  async def move_picked_up_resource(self, move: ResourceMove):
+    # 执行资源移动操作
+    pass
+
+  async def drop_resource(self, drop: ResourceDrop):
+    # 执行资源放置操作
+    pass
+
+  def can_pick_up_tip(self, channel_idx: int, tip: Tip) -> bool:
+    return True
+    

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/config/deckconfig.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+ goto 171 178 57  H1
+ goto 171 117 57  A1
+ goto 172 178 130
+ goto 173 179 133 
+  goto 173 180 133 
+goto 173 180 138
+goto 173 180 125 （+10mm，在空的上面边缘）
+goto 173 180 130 取不到
+goto 173 180 133 取不到
+goto 173 180 135
+goto 173 180 137 取到了！！！！
+goto 173 180 131 弹出枪头 H1
+
+goto 173 117 137 A1 （+10mm，可以取到新枪头了！！！！）

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/controllers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+LaiYu_Liquid 控制器模块
+
+该模块包含了LaiYu_Liquid液体处理工作站的高级控制器：
+- 移液器控制器：提供液体处理的高级接口
+- XYZ运动控制器：提供三轴运动的高级接口
+"""
+
+# 移液器控制器导入
+from .pipette_controller import PipetteController
+
+# XYZ运动控制器导入
+from .xyz_controller import XYZController
+
+__all__ = [
+    # 移液器控制器
+    "PipetteController",
+    
+    # XYZ运动控制器
+    "XYZController",
+]
+
+__version__ = "1.0.0"
+__author__ = "LaiYu_Liquid Controller Team"
+__description__ = "LaiYu_Liquid 高级控制器集合"

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/core/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+LaiYu液体处理设备核心模块
+
+该模块包含LaiYu液体处理设备的核心功能组件：
+- LaiYu_Liquid.py: 主设备类和配置管理
+- abstract_protocol.py: 抽象协议定义
+- laiyu_liquid_res.py: 设备资源管理
+
+作者: UniLab团队
+版本: 2.0.0
+"""
+
+from .laiyu_liquid_main import (
+    LaiYuLiquid,
+    LaiYuLiquidConfig,
+    LaiYuLiquidBackend,
+    LaiYuLiquidDeck,
+    LaiYuLiquidContainer,
+    LaiYuLiquidTipRack,
+    create_quick_setup
+)
+
+from .laiyu_liquid_res import (
+    LaiYuLiquidDeck,
+    LaiYuLiquidContainer, 
+    LaiYuLiquidTipRack
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    # 主设备类
+    'LaiYuLiquid',
+    'LaiYuLiquidConfig',
+    'LaiYuLiquidBackend',
+    
+    # 设备资源
+    'LaiYuLiquidDeck',
+    'LaiYuLiquidContainer',
+    'LaiYuLiquidTipRack',
+    
+    # 工具函数
+    'create_quick_setup'
+]

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/core/abstract_protocol.py

@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+"""
+LaiYu_Liquid 抽象协议实现
+
+该模块提供了液体资源管理和转移的抽象协议，包括：
+- MaterialResource: 液体资源管理类
+- transfer_liquid: 液体转移函数
+- 相关的辅助类和函数
+
+主要功能：
+- 管理多孔位的液体资源
+- 计算和跟踪液体体积
+- 处理液体转移操作
+- 提供资源状态查询
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union, Any, Tuple
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum
+import uuid
+import time
+
+# pylabrobot 导入
+from pylabrobot.resources import Resource, Well, Plate
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class LiquidType(Enum):
+    """液体类型枚举"""
+    WATER = "water"
+    ETHANOL = "ethanol"
+    DMSO = "dmso"
+    BUFFER = "buffer"
+    SAMPLE = "sample"
+    REAGENT = "reagent"
+    WASTE = "waste"
+    UNKNOWN = "unknown"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LiquidInfo:
+    """液体信息类"""
+    liquid_type: LiquidType = LiquidType.UNKNOWN
+    volume: float = 0.0  # 体积 (μL)
+    concentration: Optional[float] = None  # 浓度 (mg/ml, M等)
+    ph: Optional[float] = None  # pH值
+    temperature: Optional[float] = None  # 温度 (°C)
+    viscosity: Optional[float] = None  # 粘度 (cP)
+    density: Optional[float] = None  # 密度 (g/ml)
+    description: str = ""  # 描述信息
+    
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.liquid_type.value}({self.description})"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class WellContent:
+    """孔位内容类"""
+    volume: float = 0.0  # 当前体积 (ul)
+    max_volume: float = 1000.0  # 最大容量 (ul)
+    liquid_info: LiquidInfo = field(default_factory=LiquidInfo)
+    last_updated: float = field(default_factory=time.time)
+    
+    @property
+    def is_empty(self) -> bool:
+        """检查是否为空"""
+        return self.volume <= 0.0
+    
+    @property
+    def is_full(self) -> bool:
+        """检查是否已满"""
+        return self.volume >= self.max_volume
+    
+    @property
+    def available_volume(self) -> float:
+        """可用体积"""
+        return max(0.0, self.max_volume - self.volume)
+    
+    @property
+    def fill_percentage(self) -> float:
+        """填充百分比"""
+        return (self.volume / self.max_volume) * 100.0 if self.max_volume > 0 else 0.0
+    
+    def can_add_volume(self, volume: float) -> bool:
+        """检查是否可以添加指定体积"""
+        return (self.volume + volume) <= self.max_volume
+    
+    def can_remove_volume(self, volume: float) -> bool:
+        """检查是否可以移除指定体积"""
+        return self.volume >= volume
+    
+    def add_volume(self, volume: float, liquid_info: Optional[LiquidInfo] = None) -> bool:
+        """
+        添加液体体积
+        
+        Args:
+            volume: 要添加的体积 (ul)
+            liquid_info: 液体信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 是否成功添加
+        """
+        if not self.can_add_volume(volume):
+            return False
+        
+        self.volume += volume
+        if liquid_info:
+            self.liquid_info = liquid_info
+        self.last_updated = time.time()
+        return True
+    
+    def remove_volume(self, volume: float) -> bool:
+        """
+        移除液体体积
+        
+        Args:
+            volume: 要移除的体积 (ul)
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 是否成功移除
+        """
+        if not self.can_remove_volume(volume):
+            return False
+        
+        self.volume -= volume
+        self.last_updated = time.time()
+        
+        # 如果完全清空，重置液体信息
+        if self.volume <= 0.0:
+            self.volume = 0.0
+            self.liquid_info = LiquidInfo()
+        
+        return True
+
+
+class MaterialResource:
+    """
+    液体资源管理类
+    
+    该类用于管理液体处理过程中的资源状态，包括：
+    - 跟踪多个孔位的液体体积和类型
+    - 计算总体积和可用体积
+    - 处理液体的添加和移除
+    - 提供资源状态查询
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        resource: Resource,
+        wells: Optional[List[Well]] = None,
+        default_max_volume: float = 1000.0
+    ):
+        """
+        初始化材料资源
+        
+        Args:
+            resource: pylabrobot 资源对象
+            wells: 孔位列表，如果为None则自动获取
+            default_max_volume: 默认最大体积 (ul)
+        """
+        self.resource = resource
+        self.resource_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        self.default_max_volume = default_max_volume
+        
+        # 获取孔位列表
+        if wells is None:
+            if hasattr(resource, 'get_wells'):
+                self.wells = resource.get_wells()
+            elif hasattr(resource, 'wells'):
+                self.wells = resource.wells
+            else:
+                # 如果没有孔位，创建一个虚拟孔位
+                self.wells = [resource]
+        else:
+            self.wells = wells
+        
+        # 初始化孔位内容
+        self.well_contents: Dict[str, WellContent] = {}
+        for well in self.wells:
+            well_id = self._get_well_id(well)
+            self.well_contents[well_id] = WellContent(
+                max_volume=default_max_volume
+            )
+        
+        logger.info(f"初始化材料资源: {resource.name}, 孔位数: {len(self.wells)}")
+    
+    def _get_well_id(self, well: Union[Well, Resource]) -> str:
+        """获取孔位ID"""
+        if hasattr(well, 'name'):
+            return well.name
+        else:
+            return str(id(well))
+    
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """资源名称"""
+        return self.resource.name
+    
+    @property
+    def total_volume(self) -> float:
+        """总液体体积"""
+        return sum(content.volume for content in self.well_contents.values())
+    
+    @property
+    def total_max_volume(self) -> float:
+        """总最大容量"""
+        return sum(content.max_volume for content in self.well_contents.values())
+    
+    @property
+    def available_volume(self) -> float:
+        """总可用体积"""
+        return sum(content.available_volume for content in self.well_contents.values())
+    
+    @property
+    def well_count(self) -> int:
+        """孔位数量"""
+        return len(self.wells)
+    
+    @property
+    def empty_wells(self) -> List[str]:
+        """空孔位列表"""
+        return [well_id for well_id, content in self.well_contents.items() 
+                if content.is_empty]
+    
+    @property
+    def full_wells(self) -> List[str]:
+        """满孔位列表"""
+        return [well_id for well_id, content in self.well_contents.items() 
+                if content.is_full]
+    
+    @property
+    def occupied_wells(self) -> List[str]:
+        """有液体的孔位列表"""
+        return [well_id for well_id, content in self.well_contents.items() 
+                if not content.is_empty]
+    
+    def get_well_content(self, well_id: str) -> Optional[WellContent]:
+        """获取指定孔位的内容"""
+        return self.well_contents.get(well_id)
+    
+    def get_well_volume(self, well_id: str) -> float:
+        """获取指定孔位的体积"""
+        content = self.get_well_content(well_id)
+        return content.volume if content else 0.0
+    
+    def set_well_volume(
+        self,
+        well_id: str,
+        volume: float,
+        liquid_info: Optional[LiquidInfo] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """
+        设置指定孔位的体积
+        
+        Args:
+            well_id: 孔位ID
+            volume: 体积 (ul)
+            liquid_info: 液体信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 是否成功设置
+        """
+        if well_id not in self.well_contents:
+            logger.error(f"孔位 {well_id} 不存在")
+            return False
+        
+        content = self.well_contents[well_id]
+        if volume > content.max_volume:
+            logger.error(f"体积 {volume} 超过最大容量 {content.max_volume}")
+            return False
+        
+        content.volume = max(0.0, volume)
+        if liquid_info:
+            content.liquid_info = liquid_info
+        content.last_updated = time.time()
+        
+        logger.info(f"设置孔位 {well_id} 体积: {volume}ul")
+        return True
+    
+    def add_liquid(
+        self,
+        well_id: str,
+        volume: float,
+        liquid_info: Optional[LiquidInfo] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """
+        向指定孔位添加液体
+        
+        Args:
+            well_id: 孔位ID
+            volume: 添加的体积 (ul)
+            liquid_info: 液体信息
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 是否成功添加
+        """
+        if well_id not in self.well_contents:
+            logger.error(f"孔位 {well_id} 不存在")
+            return False
+        
+        content = self.well_contents[well_id]
+        success = content.add_volume(volume, liquid_info)
+        
+        if success:
+            logger.info(f"向孔位 {well_id} 添加 {volume}ul 液体")
+        else:
+            logger.error(f"无法向孔位 {well_id} 添加 {volume}ul 液体")
+        
+        return success
+    
+    def remove_liquid(self, well_id: str, volume: float) -> bool:
+        """
+        从指定孔位移除液体
+        
+        Args:
+            well_id: 孔位ID
+            volume: 移除的体积 (ul)
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: 是否成功移除
+        """
+        if well_id not in self.well_contents:
+            logger.error(f"孔位 {well_id} 不存在")
+            return False
+        
+        content = self.well_contents[well_id]
+        success = content.remove_volume(volume)
+        
+        if success:
+            logger.info(f"从孔位 {well_id} 移除 {volume}ul 液体")
+        else:
+            logger.error(f"无法从孔位 {well_id} 移除 {volume}ul 液体")
+        
+        return success
+    
+    def find_wells_with_volume(self, min_volume: float) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        查找具有指定最小体积的孔位
+        
+        Args:
+            min_volume: 最小体积 (ul)
+            
+        Returns:
+            List[str]: 符合条件的孔位ID列表
+        """
+        return [well_id for well_id, content in self.well_contents.items()
+                if content.volume >= min_volume]
+    
+    def find_wells_with_space(self, min_space: float) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        查找具有指定最小空间的孔位
+        
+        Args:
+            min_space: 最小空间 (ul)
+            
+        Returns:
+            List[str]: 符合条件的孔位ID列表
+        """
+        return [well_id for well_id, content in self.well_contents.items()
+                if content.available_volume >= min_space]
+    
+    def get_status_summary(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """获取资源状态摘要"""
+        return {
+            "resource_name": self.name,
+            "resource_id": self.resource_id,
+            "well_count": self.well_count,
+            "total_volume": self.total_volume,
+            "total_max_volume": self.total_max_volume,
+            "available_volume": self.available_volume,
+            "fill_percentage": (self.total_volume / self.total_max_volume) * 100.0,
+            "empty_wells": len(self.empty_wells),
+            "full_wells": len(self.full_wells),
+            "occupied_wells": len(self.occupied_wells)
+        }
+    
+    def get_detailed_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """获取详细状态信息"""
+        well_details = {}
+        for well_id, content in self.well_contents.items():
+            well_details[well_id] = {
+                "volume": content.volume,
+                "max_volume": content.max_volume,
+                "available_volume": content.available_volume,
+                "fill_percentage": content.fill_percentage,
+                "liquid_type": content.liquid_info.liquid_type.value,
+                "description": content.liquid_info.description,
+                "last_updated": content.last_updated
+            }
+        
+        return {
+            "summary": self.get_status_summary(),
+            "wells": well_details
+        }
+
+
+def transfer_liquid(
+    source: MaterialResource,
+    target: MaterialResource,
+    volume: float,
+    source_well_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    target_well_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    liquid_info: Optional[LiquidInfo] = None
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    在两个材料资源之间转移液体
+    
+    Args:
+        source: 源资源
+        target: 目标资源
+        volume: 转移体积 (ul)
+        source_well_id: 源孔位ID，如果为None则自动选择
+        target_well_id: 目标孔位ID，如果为None则自动选择
+        liquid_info: 液体信息
+        
+    Returns:
+        bool: 转移是否成功
+    """
+    try:
+        # 自动选择源孔位
+        if source_well_id is None:
+            available_wells = source.find_wells_with_volume(volume)
+            if not available_wells:
+                logger.error(f"源资源 {source.name} 没有足够体积的孔位")
+                return False
+            source_well_id = available_wells[0]
+        
+        # 自动选择目标孔位
+        if target_well_id is None:
+            available_wells = target.find_wells_with_space(volume)
+            if not available_wells:
+                logger.error(f"目标资源 {target.name} 没有足够空间的孔位")
+                return False
+            target_well_id = available_wells[0]
+        
+        # 检查源孔位是否有足够液体
+        if not source.get_well_content(source_well_id).can_remove_volume(volume):
+            logger.error(f"源孔位 {source_well_id} 液体不足")
+            return False
+        
+        # 检查目标孔位是否有足够空间
+        if not target.get_well_content(target_well_id).can_add_volume(volume):
+            logger.error(f"目标孔位 {target_well_id} 空间不足")
+            return False
+        
+        # 获取源液体信息
+        source_content = source.get_well_content(source_well_id)
+        transfer_liquid_info = liquid_info or source_content.liquid_info
+        
+        # 执行转移
+        if source.remove_liquid(source_well_id, volume):
+            if target.add_liquid(target_well_id, volume, transfer_liquid_info):
+                logger.info(f"成功转移 {volume}ul 液体: {source.name}[{source_well_id}] -> {target.name}[{target_well_id}]")
+                return True
+            else:
+                # 如果目标添加失败，回滚源操作
+                source.add_liquid(source_well_id, volume, source_content.liquid_info)
+                logger.error("目标添加失败，已回滚源操作")
+                return False
+        else:
+            logger.error("源移除失败")
+            return False
+    
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"液体转移失败: {e}")
+        return False
+
+
+def create_material_resource(
+    name: str,
+    resource: Resource,
+    initial_volumes: Optional[Dict[str, float]] = None,
+    liquid_info: Optional[LiquidInfo] = None,
+    max_volume: float = 1000.0
+) -> MaterialResource:
+    """
+    创建材料资源的便捷函数
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 资源名称
+        resource: pylabrobot 资源对象
+        initial_volumes: 初始体积字典 {well_id: volume}
+        liquid_info: 液体信息
+        max_volume: 最大体积
+        
+    Returns:
+        MaterialResource: 创建的材料资源
+    """
+    material_resource = MaterialResource(
+        resource=resource,
+        default_max_volume=max_volume
+    )
+    
+    # 设置初始体积
+    if initial_volumes:
+        for well_id, volume in initial_volumes.items():
+            material_resource.set_well_volume(well_id, volume, liquid_info)
+    
+    return material_resource
+
+
+def batch_transfer_liquid(
+    transfers: List[Tuple[MaterialResource, MaterialResource, float]],
+    liquid_info: Optional[LiquidInfo] = None
+) -> List[bool]:
+    """
+    批量液体转移
+    
+    Args:
+        transfers: 转移列表 [(source, target, volume), ...]
+        liquid_info: 液体信息
+        
+    Returns:
+        List[bool]: 每个转移操作的结果
+    """
+    results = []
+    
+    for source, target, volume in transfers:
+        result = transfer_liquid(source, target, volume, liquid_info=liquid_info)
+        results.append(result)
+        
+        if not result:
+            logger.warning(f"批量转移中的操作失败: {source.name} -> {target.name}")
+    
+    success_count = sum(results)
+    logger.info(f"批量转移完成: {success_count}/{len(transfers)} 成功")
+    
+    return results

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/core/laiyu_liquid_main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,881 @@
+"""
+LaiYu_Liquid 液体处理工作站主要集成文件
+
+该模块实现了 LaiYu_Liquid 与 UniLabOS 系统的集成，提供标准化的液体处理接口。
+主要包含：
+- LaiYuLiquidBackend: 硬件通信后端
+- LaiYuLiquid: 主要接口类
+- 相关的异常类和容器类
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import time
+from typing import List, Optional, Dict, Any, Union, Tuple
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+
+# 基础导入
+try:
+    from pylabrobot.resources import Deck, Plate, TipRack, Tip, Resource, Well
+    PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    # 如果 pylabrobot 不可用，创建基础的模拟类
+    PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE = False
+    
+    class Resource:
+        def __init__(self, name: str):
+            self.name = name
+    
+    class Deck(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Plate(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class TipRack(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Tip(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Well(Resource):
+        pass
+
+# LaiYu_Liquid 控制器导入
+try:
+    from .controllers.pipette_controller import (
+        PipetteController, TipStatus, LiquidClass, LiquidParameters
+    )
+    from .controllers.xyz_controller import (
+        XYZController, MachineConfig, CoordinateOrigin, MotorAxis
+    )
+    CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE = False
+    # 创建模拟的控制器类
+    class PipetteController:
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+        
+        def connect(self):
+            return True
+        
+        def initialize(self):
+            return True
+    
+    class XYZController:
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+        
+        def connect_device(self):
+            return True
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquidError(RuntimeError):
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 设备异常"""
+    pass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LaiYuLiquidConfig:
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 设备配置"""
+    port: str = "/dev/cu.usbserial-3130"  # RS485转USB端口
+    address: int = 1  # 设备地址
+    baudrate: int = 9600  # 波特率
+    timeout: float = 5.0  # 通信超时时间
+    
+    # 工作台尺寸
+    deck_width: float = 340.0  # 工作台宽度 (mm)
+    deck_height: float = 250.0  # 工作台高度 (mm)
+    deck_depth: float = 160.0  # 工作台深度 (mm)
+    
+    # 移液参数
+    max_volume: float = 1000.0  # 最大体积 (μL)
+    min_volume: float = 0.1  # 最小体积 (μL)
+    
+    # 运动参数
+    max_speed: float = 100.0  # 最大速度 (mm/s)
+    acceleration: float = 50.0  # 加速度 (mm/s²)
+    
+    # 安全参数
+    safe_height: float = 50.0  # 安全高度 (mm)
+    tip_pickup_depth: float = 10.0  # 吸头拾取深度 (mm)
+    liquid_detection: bool = True  # 液面检测
+    
+    # 取枪头相关参数
+    tip_pickup_speed: int = 30  # 取枪头时的移动速度 (rpm)
+    tip_pickup_acceleration: int = 500  # 取枪头时的加速度 (rpm/s)
+    tip_approach_height: float = 5.0  # 接近枪头时的高度 (mm)
+    tip_pickup_force_depth: float = 2.0  # 强制插入深度 (mm)
+    tip_pickup_retract_height: float = 20.0  # 取枪头后的回退高度 (mm)
+    
+    # 丢弃枪头相关参数
+    tip_drop_height: float = 10.0  # 丢弃枪头时的高度 (mm)
+    tip_drop_speed: int = 50  # 丢弃枪头时的移动速度 (rpm)
+    trash_position: Tuple[float, float, float] = (300.0, 200.0, 0.0)  # 垃圾桶位置 (mm)
+    
+    # 安全范围配置
+    deck_width: float = 300.0  # 工作台宽度 (mm)
+    deck_height: float = 200.0  # 工作台高度 (mm)
+    deck_depth: float = 100.0  # 工作台深度 (mm)
+    safe_height: float = 50.0  # 安全高度 (mm)
+    position_validation: bool = True  # 启用位置验证
+    emergency_stop_enabled: bool = True  # 启用紧急停止
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquidDeck:
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 工作台管理"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: LaiYuLiquidConfig):
+        self.config = config
+        self.resources: Dict[str, Resource] = {}
+        self.positions: Dict[str, Tuple[float, float, float]] = {}
+        
+    def add_resource(self, name: str, resource: Resource, position: Tuple[float, float, float]):
+        """添加资源到工作台"""
+        self.resources[name] = resource
+        self.positions[name] = position
+        
+    def get_resource(self, name: str) -> Optional[Resource]:
+        """获取资源"""
+        return self.resources.get(name)
+        
+    def get_position(self, name: str) -> Optional[Tuple[float, float, float]]:
+        """获取资源位置"""
+        return self.positions.get(name)
+        
+    def list_resources(self) -> List[str]:
+        """列出所有资源"""
+        return list(self.resources.keys())
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquidContainer:
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 容器类"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str, size_x: float = 0, size_y: float = 0, size_z: float = 0, container_type: str = "", volume: float = 0.0, max_volume: float = 1000.0, lid_height: float = 0.0):
+        self.name = name
+        self.size_x = size_x
+        self.size_y = size_y
+        self.size_z = size_z
+        self.lid_height = lid_height
+        self.container_type = container_type
+        self.volume = volume
+        self.max_volume = max_volume
+        self.last_updated = time.time()
+        self.child_resources = {}  # 存储子资源
+        
+    @property
+    def is_empty(self) -> bool:
+        return self.volume <= 0.0
+        
+    @property
+    def is_full(self) -> bool:
+        return self.volume >= self.max_volume
+        
+    @property
+    def available_volume(self) -> float:
+        return max(0.0, self.max_volume - self.volume)
+        
+    def add_volume(self, volume: float) -> bool:
+        """添加体积"""
+        if self.volume + volume <= self.max_volume:
+            self.volume += volume
+            self.last_updated = time.time()
+            return True
+        return False
+        
+    def remove_volume(self, volume: float) -> bool:
+        """移除体积"""
+        if self.volume >= volume:
+            self.volume -= volume
+            self.last_updated = time.time()
+            return True
+        return False
+    
+    def assign_child_resource(self, resource, location=None):
+        """分配子资源 - 与 PyLabRobot 资源管理系统兼容"""
+        if hasattr(resource, 'name'):
+            self.child_resources[resource.name] = {
+                'resource': resource,
+                'location': location
+            }
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquidTipRack:
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 吸头架类"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str, size_x: float = 0, size_y: float = 0, size_z: float = 0, tip_count: int = 96, tip_volume: float = 1000.0):
+        self.name = name
+        self.size_x = size_x
+        self.size_y = size_y
+        self.size_z = size_z
+        self.tip_count = tip_count
+        self.tip_volume = tip_volume
+        self.tips_available = [True] * tip_count
+        self.child_resources = {}  # 存储子资源
+        
+    @property
+    def available_tips(self) -> int:
+        return sum(self.tips_available)
+        
+    @property
+    def is_empty(self) -> bool:
+        return self.available_tips == 0
+        
+    def pick_tip(self, position: int) -> bool:
+        """拾取吸头"""
+        if 0 <= position < self.tip_count and self.tips_available[position]:
+            self.tips_available[position] = False
+            return True
+        return False
+        
+    def has_tip(self, position: int) -> bool:
+        """检查位置是否有吸头"""
+        if 0 <= position < self.tip_count:
+            return self.tips_available[position]
+        return False
+    
+    def assign_child_resource(self, resource, location=None):
+        """分配子资源到指定位置"""
+        self.child_resources[resource.name] = {
+            'resource': resource,
+            'location': location
+        }
+
+
+def get_module_info():
+    """获取模块信息"""
+    return {
+        "name": "LaiYu_Liquid",
+        "version": "1.0.0",
+        "description": "LaiYu液体处理工作站模块，提供移液器控制、XYZ轴控制和资源管理功能",
+        "author": "UniLabOS Team",
+        "capabilities": [
+            "移液器控制",
+            "XYZ轴运动控制", 
+            "吸头架管理",
+            "板和容器管理",
+            "资源位置管理"
+        ],
+        "dependencies": {
+            "required": ["serial"],
+            "optional": ["pylabrobot"]
+        }
+    }
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquidBackend:
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 硬件通信后端"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: LaiYuLiquidConfig, deck: Optional['LaiYuLiquidDeck'] = None):
+        self.config = config
+        self.deck = deck  # 工作台引用，用于获取资源位置信息
+        self.pipette_controller = None
+        self.xyz_controller = None
+        self.is_connected = False
+        self.is_initialized = False
+        
+        # 状态跟踪
+        self.current_position = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+        self.tip_attached = False
+        self.current_volume = 0.0
+        
+    def _validate_position(self, x: float, y: float, z: float) -> bool:
+        """验证位置是否在安全范围内"""
+        try:
+            # 检查X轴范围
+            if not (0 <= x <= self.config.deck_width):
+                logger.error(f"X轴位置 {x:.2f}mm 超出范围 [0, {self.config.deck_width}]")
+                return False
+            
+            # 检查Y轴范围
+            if not (0 <= y <= self.config.deck_height):
+                logger.error(f"Y轴位置 {y:.2f}mm 超出范围 [0, {self.config.deck_height}]")
+                return False
+            
+            # 检查Z轴范围（负值表示向下，0为工作台表面）
+            if not (-self.config.deck_depth <= z <= self.config.safe_height):
+                logger.error(f"Z轴位置 {z:.2f}mm 超出安全范围 [{-self.config.deck_depth}, {self.config.safe_height}]")
+                return False
+            
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"位置验证失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def _check_hardware_ready(self) -> bool:
+        """检查硬件是否准备就绪"""
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            logger.error("设备未连接")
+            return False
+        
+        if CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE:
+            if self.xyz_controller is None:
+                logger.error("XYZ控制器未初始化")
+                return False
+        
+        return True
+    
+    async def emergency_stop(self) -> bool:
+        """紧急停止所有运动"""
+        try:
+            logger.warning("执行紧急停止")
+            
+            if CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE and self.xyz_controller:
+                # 停止XYZ控制器
+                await self.xyz_controller.stop_all_motion()
+                logger.info("XYZ控制器已停止")
+            
+            if self.pipette_controller:
+                # 停止移液器控制器
+                await self.pipette_controller.stop()
+                logger.info("移液器控制器已停止")
+            
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"紧急停止失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def move_to_safe_position(self) -> bool:
+        """移动到安全位置"""
+        try:
+            if not self._check_hardware_ready():
+                return False
+            
+            safe_position = (
+                self.config.deck_width / 2,  # 工作台中心X
+                self.config.deck_height / 2,  # 工作台中心Y
+                self.config.safe_height  # 安全高度Z
+            )
+            
+            if not self._validate_position(*safe_position):
+                logger.error("安全位置无效")
+                return False
+            
+            if CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE and self.xyz_controller:
+                await self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord(*safe_position)
+                self.current_position = safe_position
+                logger.info(f"已移动到安全位置: {safe_position}")
+                return True
+            else:
+                # 模拟模式
+                self.current_position = safe_position
+                logger.info("模拟移动到安全位置")
+                return True
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"移动到安全位置失败: {e}")
+            return False
+        
+    async def setup(self) -> bool:
+        """设置硬件连接"""
+        try:
+            if CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE:
+                # 初始化移液器控制器
+                self.pipette_controller = PipetteController(
+                    port=self.config.port,
+                    address=self.config.address
+                )
+                
+                # 初始化XYZ控制器
+                machine_config = MachineConfig()
+                self.xyz_controller = XYZController(
+                    port=self.config.port,
+                    baudrate=self.config.baudrate,
+                    machine_config=machine_config
+                )
+                
+                # 连接设备
+                pipette_connected = await asyncio.to_thread(self.pipette_controller.connect)
+                xyz_connected = await asyncio.to_thread(self.xyz_controller.connect_device)
+                
+                if pipette_connected and xyz_connected:
+                    self.is_connected = True
+                    logger.info("LaiYu_Liquid 硬件连接成功")
+                    return True
+                else:
+                    logger.error("LaiYu_Liquid 硬件连接失败")
+                    return False
+            else:
+                # 模拟模式
+                logger.info("LaiYu_Liquid 运行在模拟模式")
+                self.is_connected = True
+                return True
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"LaiYu_Liquid 设置失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def stop(self):
+        """停止设备"""
+        try:
+            if self.pipette_controller and hasattr(self.pipette_controller, 'disconnect'):
+                await asyncio.to_thread(self.pipette_controller.disconnect)
+            
+            if self.xyz_controller and hasattr(self.xyz_controller, 'disconnect'):
+                await asyncio.to_thread(self.xyz_controller.disconnect)
+                
+            self.is_connected = False
+            self.is_initialized = False
+            logger.info("LaiYu_Liquid 已停止")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"LaiYu_Liquid 停止失败: {e}")
+    
+    async def move_to(self, x: float, y: float, z: float) -> bool:
+        """移动到指定位置"""
+        try:
+            if not self.is_connected:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("设备未连接")
+            
+            # 模拟移动
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.1)  # 模拟移动时间
+            self.current_position = (x, y, z)
+            logger.debug(f"移动到位置: ({x}, {y}, {z})")
+            return True
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"移动失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def pick_up_tip(self, tip_rack: str, position: int) -> bool:
+        """拾取吸头 - 包含真正的Z轴下降控制"""
+        try:
+            # 硬件准备检查
+            if not self._check_hardware_ready():
+                return False
+                
+            if self.tip_attached:
+                logger.warning("已有吸头附着，无法拾取新吸头")
+                return False
+                
+            logger.info(f"开始从 {tip_rack} 位置 {position} 拾取吸头")
+            
+            # 获取枪头架位置信息
+            if self.deck is None:
+                logger.error("工作台未初始化")
+                return False
+                
+            tip_position = self.deck.get_position(tip_rack)
+            if tip_position is None:
+                logger.error(f"未找到枪头架 {tip_rack} 的位置信息")
+                return False
+                
+            # 计算具体枪头位置（这里简化处理，实际应根据position计算偏移）
+            tip_x, tip_y, tip_z = tip_position
+            
+            # 验证所有关键位置的安全性
+            safe_z = tip_z + self.config.tip_approach_height
+            pickup_z = tip_z - self.config.tip_pickup_force_depth
+            retract_z = tip_z + self.config.tip_pickup_retract_height
+            
+            if not (self._validate_position(tip_x, tip_y, safe_z) and 
+                    self._validate_position(tip_x, tip_y, pickup_z) and 
+                    self._validate_position(tip_x, tip_y, retract_z)):
+                logger.error("枪头拾取位置超出安全范围")
+                return False
+            
+            if CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE and self.xyz_controller:
+                # 真实硬件控制流程
+                logger.info("使用真实XYZ控制器进行枪头拾取")
+                
+                try:
+                    # 1. 移动到枪头上方的安全位置
+                    safe_z = tip_z + self.config.tip_approach_height
+                    logger.info(f"移动到枪头上方安全位置: ({tip_x:.2f}, {tip_y:.2f}, {safe_z:.2f})")
+                    move_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord, 
+                        tip_x, tip_y, safe_z
+                    )
+                    if not move_success:
+                        logger.error("移动到枪头上方失败")
+                        return False
+                    
+                    # 2. Z轴下降到枪头位置
+                    pickup_z = tip_z - self.config.tip_pickup_force_depth
+                    logger.info(f"Z轴下降到枪头拾取位置: {pickup_z:.2f}mm")
+                    z_down_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord,
+                        tip_x, tip_y, pickup_z
+                    )
+                    if not z_down_success:
+                        logger.error("Z轴下降到枪头位置失败")
+                        return False
+                    
+                    # 3. 等待一小段时间确保枪头牢固附着
+                    await asyncio.sleep(0.2)
+                    
+                    # 4. Z轴上升到回退高度
+                    retract_z = tip_z + self.config.tip_pickup_retract_height
+                    logger.info(f"Z轴上升到回退高度: {retract_z:.2f}mm")
+                    z_up_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord,
+                        tip_x, tip_y, retract_z
+                    )
+                    if not z_up_success:
+                        logger.error("Z轴上升失败")
+                        return False
+                    
+                    # 5. 更新当前位置
+                    self.current_position = (tip_x, tip_y, retract_z)
+                    
+                except Exception as move_error:
+                    logger.error(f"枪头拾取过程中发生错误: {move_error}")
+                    # 尝试移动到安全位置
+                    if self.config.emergency_stop_enabled:
+                        await self.emergency_stop()
+                        await self.move_to_safe_position()
+                    return False
+                
+            else:
+                # 模拟模式
+                logger.info("模拟模式：执行枪头拾取动作")
+                await asyncio.sleep(1.0)  # 模拟整个拾取过程的时间
+                self.current_position = (tip_x, tip_y, tip_z + self.config.tip_pickup_retract_height)
+            
+            # 6. 标记枪头已附着
+            self.tip_attached = True
+            logger.info("吸头拾取成功")
+            return True
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"拾取吸头失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def drop_tip(self, location: str = "trash") -> bool:
+        """丢弃吸头 - 包含真正的Z轴控制"""
+        try:
+            # 硬件准备检查
+            if not self._check_hardware_ready():
+                return False
+            
+            if not self.tip_attached:
+                logger.warning("没有吸头附着，无需丢弃")
+                return True
+            
+            logger.info(f"开始丢弃吸头到 {location}")
+            
+            # 确定丢弃位置
+            if location == "trash":
+                # 使用配置中的垃圾桶位置
+                drop_x, drop_y, drop_z = self.config.trash_position
+            else:
+                # 尝试从deck获取指定位置
+                if self.deck is None:
+                    logger.error("工作台未初始化")
+                    return False
+                    
+                drop_position = self.deck.get_position(location)
+                if drop_position is None:
+                    logger.error(f"未找到丢弃位置 {location} 的信息")
+                    return False
+                drop_x, drop_y, drop_z = drop_position
+            
+            # 验证丢弃位置的安全性
+            safe_z = drop_z + self.config.safe_height
+            drop_height_z = drop_z + self.config.tip_drop_height
+            
+            if not (self._validate_position(drop_x, drop_y, safe_z) and 
+                    self._validate_position(drop_x, drop_y, drop_height_z)):
+                logger.error("枪头丢弃位置超出安全范围")
+                return False
+            
+            if CONTROLLERS_AVAILABLE and self.xyz_controller:
+                # 真实硬件控制流程
+                logger.info("使用真实XYZ控制器进行枪头丢弃")
+                
+                try:
+                    # 1. 移动到丢弃位置上方的安全高度
+                    safe_z = drop_z + self.config.tip_drop_height
+                    logger.info(f"移动到丢弃位置上方: ({drop_x:.2f}, {drop_y:.2f}, {safe_z:.2f})")
+                    move_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord,
+                        drop_x, drop_y, safe_z
+                    )
+                    if not move_success:
+                        logger.error("移动到丢弃位置上方失败")
+                        return False
+                    
+                    # 2. Z轴下降到丢弃高度
+                    logger.info(f"Z轴下降到丢弃高度: {drop_z:.2f}mm")
+                    z_down_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord,
+                        drop_x, drop_y, drop_z
+                    )
+                    if not z_down_success:
+                        logger.error("Z轴下降到丢弃位置失败")
+                        return False
+                    
+                    # 3. 执行枪头弹出动作（如果有移液器控制器）
+                    if self.pipette_controller:
+                        try:
+                            # 发送弹出枪头命令
+                            await asyncio.to_thread(self.pipette_controller.eject_tip)
+                            logger.info("执行枪头弹出命令")
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            logger.warning(f"枪头弹出命令失败: {e}")
+                    
+                    # 4. 等待一小段时间确保枪头完全脱离
+                    await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+                    
+                    # 5. Z轴上升到安全高度
+                    logger.info(f"Z轴上升到安全高度: {safe_z:.2f}mm")
+                    z_up_success = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self.xyz_controller.move_to_work_coord,
+                        drop_x, drop_y, safe_z
+                    )
+                    if not z_up_success:
+                        logger.error("Z轴上升失败")
+                        return False
+                    
+                    # 6. 更新当前位置
+                    self.current_position = (drop_x, drop_y, safe_z)
+                    
+                except Exception as drop_error:
+                    logger.error(f"枪头丢弃过程中发生错误: {drop_error}")
+                    # 尝试移动到安全位置
+                    if self.config.emergency_stop_enabled:
+                        await self.emergency_stop()
+                        await self.move_to_safe_position()
+                    return False
+                
+            else:
+                # 模拟模式
+                logger.info("模拟模式：执行枪头丢弃动作")
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.8)  # 模拟整个丢弃过程的时间
+                self.current_position = (drop_x, drop_y, drop_z + self.config.tip_drop_height)
+            
+            # 7. 标记枪头已脱离，清空体积
+            self.tip_attached = False
+            self.current_volume = 0.0
+            logger.info("吸头丢弃成功")
+            return True
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"丢弃吸头失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def aspirate(self, volume: float, location: str) -> bool:
+        """吸取液体"""
+        try:
+            if not self.is_connected:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("设备未连接")
+            
+            if not self.tip_attached:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("没有吸头附着")
+            
+            if volume <= 0 or volume > self.config.max_volume:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError(f"体积超出范围: {volume}")
+            
+            # 模拟吸取
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+            self.current_volume += volume
+            logger.debug(f"从 {location} 吸取 {volume} μL")
+            return True
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"吸取失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def dispense(self, volume: float, location: str) -> bool:
+        """分配液体"""
+        try:
+            if not self.is_connected:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("设备未连接")
+            
+            if not self.tip_attached:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("没有吸头附着")
+            
+            if volume <= 0 or volume > self.current_volume:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError(f"分配体积无效: {volume}")
+            
+            # 模拟分配
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+            self.current_volume -= volume
+            logger.debug(f"向 {location} 分配 {volume} μL")
+            return True
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"分配失败: {e}")
+            return False
+
+
+class LaiYuLiquid:
+    """LaiYu_Liquid 主要接口类"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: Optional[LaiYuLiquidConfig] = None, **kwargs):
+        # 如果传入了关键字参数，创建配置对象
+        if kwargs and config is None:
+            # 从kwargs中提取配置参数
+            config_params = {}
+            for key, value in kwargs.items():
+                if hasattr(LaiYuLiquidConfig, key):
+                    config_params[key] = value
+            self.config = LaiYuLiquidConfig(**config_params)
+        else:
+            self.config = config or LaiYuLiquidConfig()
+        
+        # 先创建deck，然后传递给backend
+        self.deck = LaiYuLiquidDeck(self.config)
+        self.backend = LaiYuLiquidBackend(self.config, self.deck)
+        self.is_setup = False
+    
+    @property
+    def current_position(self) -> Tuple[float, float, float]:
+        """获取当前位置"""
+        return self.backend.current_position
+    
+    @property
+    def current_volume(self) -> float:
+        """获取当前体积"""
+        return self.backend.current_volume
+    
+    @property
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        """获取连接状态"""
+        return self.backend.is_connected
+    
+    @property
+    def is_initialized(self) -> bool:
+        """获取初始化状态"""
+        return self.backend.is_initialized
+    
+    @property
+    def tip_attached(self) -> bool:
+        """获取吸头附着状态"""
+        return self.backend.tip_attached
+        
+    async def setup(self) -> bool:
+        """设置液体处理器"""
+        try:
+            success = await self.backend.setup()
+            if success:
+                self.is_setup = True
+                logger.info("LaiYu_Liquid 设置完成")
+            return success
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"LaiYu_Liquid 设置失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    async def stop(self):
+        """停止液体处理器"""
+        await self.backend.stop()
+        self.is_setup = False
+    
+    async def transfer(self, source: str, target: str, volume: float, 
+                      tip_rack: str = "tip_rack_1", tip_position: int = 0) -> bool:
+        """液体转移"""
+        try:
+            if not self.is_setup:
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("设备未设置")
+            
+            # 获取源和目标位置
+            source_pos = self.deck.get_position(source)
+            target_pos = self.deck.get_position(target)
+            tip_pos = self.deck.get_position(tip_rack)
+            
+            if not all([source_pos, target_pos, tip_pos]):
+                raise LaiYuLiquidError("位置信息不完整")
+            
+            # 执行转移步骤
+            steps = [
+                ("移动到吸头架", self.backend.move_to(*tip_pos)),
+                ("拾取吸头", self.backend.pick_up_tip(tip_rack, tip_position)),
+                ("移动到源位置", self.backend.move_to(*source_pos)),
+                ("吸取液体", self.backend.aspirate(volume, source)),
+                ("移动到目标位置", self.backend.move_to(*target_pos)),
+                ("分配液体", self.backend.dispense(volume, target)),
+                ("丢弃吸头", self.backend.drop_tip())
+            ]
+            
+            for step_name, step_coro in steps:
+                logger.debug(f"执行步骤: {step_name}")
+                success = await step_coro
+                if not success:
+                    raise LaiYuLiquidError(f"步骤失败: {step_name}")
+            
+            logger.info(f"液体转移完成: {source} -> {target}, {volume} μL")
+            return True
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"液体转移失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def add_resource(self, name: str, resource_type: str, position: Tuple[float, float, float]):
+        """添加资源到工作台"""
+        if resource_type == "plate":
+            resource = Plate(name)
+        elif resource_type == "tip_rack":
+            resource = TipRack(name)
+        else:
+            resource = Resource(name)
+        
+        self.deck.add_resource(name, resource, position)
+    
+    def get_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """获取设备状态"""
+        return {
+            "connected": self.backend.is_connected,
+            "setup": self.is_setup,
+            "current_position": self.backend.current_position,
+            "tip_attached": self.backend.tip_attached,
+            "current_volume": self.backend.current_volume,
+            "resources": self.deck.list_resources()
+        }
+
+
+def create_quick_setup() -> LaiYuLiquidDeck:
+    """
+    创建快速设置的LaiYu液体处理工作站
+    
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuLiquidDeck: 配置好的工作台实例
+    """
+    # 创建默认配置
+    config = LaiYuLiquidConfig()
+    
+    # 创建工作台
+    deck = LaiYuLiquidDeck(config)
+    
+    # 导入资源创建函数
+    try:
+        from .laiyu_liquid_res import (
+            create_tip_rack_1000ul,
+            create_tip_rack_200ul,
+            create_96_well_plate,
+            create_waste_container
+        )
+        
+        # 添加基本资源
+        tip_rack_1000 = create_tip_rack_1000ul("tip_rack_1000")
+        tip_rack_200 = create_tip_rack_200ul("tip_rack_200")
+        plate_96 = create_96_well_plate("plate_96")
+        waste = create_waste_container("waste")
+        
+        # 添加到工作台
+        deck.add_resource("tip_rack_1000", tip_rack_1000, (50, 50, 0))
+        deck.add_resource("tip_rack_200", tip_rack_200, (150, 50, 0))
+        deck.add_resource("plate_96", plate_96, (250, 50, 0))
+        deck.add_resource("waste", waste, (50, 150, 0))
+        
+    except ImportError:
+        # 如果资源模块不可用，创建空的工作台
+        logger.warning("资源模块不可用，创建空的工作台")
+    
+    return deck
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "LaiYuLiquid",
+    "LaiYuLiquidBackend", 
+    "LaiYuLiquidConfig",
+    "LaiYuLiquidDeck",
+    "LaiYuLiquidContainer",
+    "LaiYuLiquidTipRack",
+    "LaiYuLiquidError",
+    "create_quick_setup",
+    "get_module_info"
+]

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/core/laiyu_liquid_res.py

@@ -0,0 +1,954 @@
+"""
+LaiYu_Liquid 资源定义模块
+
+该模块提供了 LaiYu_Liquid 工作站专用的资源定义函数，包括：
+- 各种规格的枪头架
+- 不同类型的板和容器
+- 特殊功能位置
+- 资源创建的便捷函数
+
+所有资源都基于 deck.json 中的配置参数创建。
+"""
+
+import json
+import os
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Any
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# PyLabRobot 资源导入
+try:
+    from pylabrobot.resources import (
+        Resource, Deck, Plate, TipRack, Container, Tip,
+        Coordinate
+    )
+    from pylabrobot.resources.tip_rack import TipSpot
+    from pylabrobot.resources.well import Well as PlateWell
+    PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    # 如果 PyLabRobot 不可用，创建模拟类
+    PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE = False
+    
+    class Resource:
+        def __init__(self, name: str):
+            self.name = name
+    
+    class Deck(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Plate(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class TipRack(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Container(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Tip(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class TipSpot(Resource):
+        def __init__(self, name: str, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(name)
+            # 忽略其他参数
+    
+    class PlateWell(Resource):
+        pass
+    
+    class Coordinate:
+        def __init__(self, x: float, y: float, z: float):
+            self.x = x
+            self.y = y
+            self.z = z
+
+# 本地导入
+from .laiyu_liquid_main import LaiYuLiquidDeck, LaiYuLiquidContainer, LaiYuLiquidTipRack
+
+
+def load_deck_config() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    加载工作台配置文件
+    
+    Returns:
+        Dict[str, Any]: 配置字典
+    """
+    # 优先使用最新的deckconfig.json文件
+    config_path = Path(__file__).parent / "controllers" / "deckconfig.json"
+    
+    # 如果最新配置文件不存在，回退到旧配置文件
+    if not config_path.exists():
+        config_path = Path(__file__).parent / "config" / "deck.json"
+    
+    try:
+        with open(config_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        # 如果找不到配置文件，返回默认配置
+        return {
+            "name": "LaiYu_Liquid_Deck",
+            "size_x": 340.0,  
+            "size_y": 250.0,
+            "size_z": 160.0
+        }
+
+
+# 加载配置
+DECK_CONFIG = load_deck_config()
+
+
+class LaiYuTipRack1000(LaiYuLiquidTipRack):
+    """1000μL 枪头架"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化1000μL枪头架
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 枪头架名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=127.76,
+            size_y=85.48,
+            size_z=30.0,
+            tip_count=96,
+            tip_volume=1000.0
+        )
+        
+        # 创建枪头位置
+        self._create_tip_spots(
+            tip_count=96,
+            tip_spacing=9.0,
+            tip_type="1000ul"
+        )
+    
+    def _create_tip_spots(self, tip_count: int, tip_spacing: float, tip_type: str):
+        """
+        创建枪头位置 - 从配置文件中读取绝对坐标
+        
+        Args:
+            tip_count: 枪头数量
+            tip_spacing: 枪头间距
+            tip_type: 枪头类型
+        """
+        # 从配置文件中获取枪头架的孔位信息
+        config = DECK_CONFIG
+        tip_module = None
+        
+        # 查找枪头架模块
+        for module in config.get("children", []):
+            if module.get("type") == "tip_rack":
+                tip_module = module
+                break
+        
+        if not tip_module:
+            # 如果配置文件中没有找到，使用默认的相对坐标计算
+            rows = 8
+            cols = 12
+            
+            for row in range(rows):
+                for col in range(cols):
+                    spot_name = f"{chr(65 + row)}{col + 1:02d}"
+                    x = col * tip_spacing + tip_spacing / 2
+                    y = row * tip_spacing + tip_spacing / 2
+                    
+                    # 创建枪头 - 根据PyLabRobot或模拟类使用不同参数
+                    if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+                        # PyLabRobot的Tip需要特定参数
+                        tip = Tip(
+                            has_filter=False,
+                            total_tip_length=95.0,  # 1000ul枪头长度
+                            maximal_volume=1000.0,  # 最大体积
+                            fitting_depth=8.0       # 安装深度
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        # 模拟类只需要name
+                        tip = Tip(name=f"tip_{spot_name}")
+                    
+                    # 创建枪头位置
+                    if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+                        # PyLabRobot的TipSpot需要特定参数
+                        tip_spot = TipSpot(
+                            name=spot_name,
+                            size_x=9.0,  # 枪头位置宽度
+                            size_y=9.0,  # 枪头位置深度
+                            size_z=95.0,  # 枪头位置高度
+                            make_tip=lambda: tip  # 创建枪头的函数
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        # 模拟类只需要name
+                        tip_spot = TipSpot(name=spot_name)
+                    
+                    # 将吸头位置分配到吸头架
+                    self.assign_child_resource(
+                        tip_spot,
+                        location=Coordinate(x, y, 0)
+                    )
+            return
+        
+        # 使用配置文件中的绝对坐标
+        module_position = tip_module.get("position", {"x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0})
+        
+        for well_config in tip_module.get("wells", []):
+            spot_name = well_config["id"]
+            well_pos = well_config["position"]
+            
+            # 计算相对于模块的坐标（绝对坐标减去模块位置）
+            relative_x = well_pos["x"] - module_position["x"]
+            relative_y = well_pos["y"] - module_position["y"]
+            relative_z = well_pos["z"] - module_position["z"]
+            
+            # 创建枪头 - 根据PyLabRobot或模拟类使用不同参数
+            if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+                # PyLabRobot的Tip需要特定参数
+                tip = Tip(
+                    has_filter=False,
+                    total_tip_length=95.0,  # 1000ul枪头长度
+                    maximal_volume=1000.0,  # 最大体积
+                    fitting_depth=8.0       # 安装深度
+                )
+            else:
+                # 模拟类只需要name
+                tip = Tip(name=f"tip_{spot_name}")
+            
+            # 创建枪头位置
+            if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+                # PyLabRobot的TipSpot需要特定参数
+                tip_spot = TipSpot(
+                    name=spot_name,
+                    size_x=well_config.get("diameter", 9.0),  # 使用配置中的直径
+                    size_y=well_config.get("diameter", 9.0),
+                    size_z=well_config.get("depth", 95.0),    # 使用配置中的深度
+                    make_tip=lambda: tip  # 创建枪头的函数
+                )
+            else:
+                # 模拟类只需要name
+                tip_spot = TipSpot(name=spot_name)
+            
+            # 将吸头位置分配到吸头架
+            self.assign_child_resource(
+                tip_spot,
+                location=Coordinate(relative_x, relative_y, relative_z)
+            )
+            
+            # 注意：在PyLabRobot中，Tip不是Resource，不需要分配给TipSpot
+            # TipSpot的make_tip函数会在需要时创建Tip
+
+
+class LaiYuTipRack200(LaiYuLiquidTipRack):
+    """200μL 枪头架"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化200μL枪头架
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 枪头架名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=127.76,
+            size_y=85.48,
+            size_z=30.0,
+            tip_count=96,
+            tip_volume=200.0
+        )
+        
+        # 创建枪头位置
+        self._create_tip_spots(
+            tip_count=96,
+            tip_spacing=9.0,
+            tip_type="200ul"
+        )
+    
+    def _create_tip_spots(self, tip_count: int, tip_spacing: float, tip_type: str):
+        """
+        创建枪头位置
+        
+        Args:
+            tip_count: 枪头数量
+            tip_spacing: 枪头间距
+            tip_type: 枪头类型
+        """
+        rows = 8
+        cols = 12
+        
+        for row in range(rows):
+            for col in range(cols):
+                spot_name = f"{chr(65 + row)}{col + 1:02d}"
+                x = col * tip_spacing + tip_spacing / 2
+                y = row * tip_spacing + tip_spacing / 2
+                
+                # 创建枪头 - 根据PyLabRobot或模拟类使用不同参数
+                if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+                    # PyLabRobot的Tip需要特定参数
+                    tip = Tip(
+                        has_filter=False,
+                        total_tip_length=72.0,  # 200ul枪头长度
+                        maximal_volume=200.0,   # 最大体积
+                        fitting_depth=8.0       # 安装深度
+                    )
+                else:
+                    # 模拟类只需要name
+                    tip = Tip(name=f"tip_{spot_name}")
+                
+                # 创建枪头位置
+                if PYLABROBOT_AVAILABLE:
+                    # PyLabRobot的TipSpot需要特定参数
+                    tip_spot = TipSpot(
+                        name=spot_name,
+                        size_x=9.0,  # 枪头位置宽度
+                        size_y=9.0,  # 枪头位置深度
+                        size_z=72.0,  # 枪头位置高度
+                        make_tip=lambda: tip  # 创建枪头的函数
+                    )
+                else:
+                    # 模拟类只需要name
+                    tip_spot = TipSpot(name=spot_name)
+                
+                # 将吸头位置分配到吸头架
+                self.assign_child_resource(
+                    tip_spot,
+                    location=Coordinate(x, y, 0)
+                )
+                
+                # 注意：在PyLabRobot中，Tip不是Resource，不需要分配给TipSpot
+                # TipSpot的make_tip函数会在需要时创建Tip
+
+
+class LaiYu96WellPlate(LaiYuLiquidContainer):
+    """96孔板"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str, lid_height: float = 0.0):
+        """
+        初始化96孔板
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 板名称
+            lid_height: 盖子高度
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=127.76,
+            size_y=85.48,
+            size_z=14.22,
+            container_type="96_well_plate",
+            volume=0.0,
+            max_volume=200.0,
+            lid_height=lid_height
+        )
+        
+        # 创建孔位
+        self._create_wells(
+            well_count=96,
+            well_volume=200.0,
+            well_spacing=9.0
+        )
+    
+    def get_size_z(self) -> float:
+        """获取孔位深度"""
+        return 10.0  # 96孔板孔位深度
+    
+    def _create_wells(self, well_count: int, well_volume: float, well_spacing: float):
+        """
+        创建孔位 - 从配置文件中读取绝对坐标
+        
+        Args:
+            well_count: 孔位数量
+            well_volume: 孔位体积
+            well_spacing: 孔位间距
+        """
+        # 从配置文件中获取96孔板的孔位信息
+        config = DECK_CONFIG
+        plate_module = None
+        
+        # 查找96孔板模块
+        for module in config.get("children", []):
+            if module.get("type") == "96_well_plate":
+                plate_module = module
+                break
+        
+        if not plate_module:
+            # 如果配置文件中没有找到，使用默认的相对坐标计算
+            rows = 8
+            cols = 12
+            
+            for row in range(rows):
+                for col in range(cols):
+                    well_name = f"{chr(65 + row)}{col + 1:02d}"
+                    x = col * well_spacing + well_spacing / 2
+                    y = row * well_spacing + well_spacing / 2
+                    
+                    # 创建孔位
+                    well = PlateWell(
+                        name=well_name,
+                        size_x=well_spacing * 0.8,
+                        size_y=well_spacing * 0.8,
+                        size_z=self.get_size_z(),
+                        max_volume=well_volume
+                    )
+                    
+                    # 添加到板
+                    self.assign_child_resource(
+                        well,
+                        location=Coordinate(x, y, 0)
+                    )
+            return
+        
+        # 使用配置文件中的绝对坐标
+        module_position = plate_module.get("position", {"x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0})
+        
+        for well_config in plate_module.get("wells", []):
+            well_name = well_config["id"]
+            well_pos = well_config["position"]
+            
+            # 计算相对于模块的坐标（绝对坐标减去模块位置）
+            relative_x = well_pos["x"] - module_position["x"]
+            relative_y = well_pos["y"] - module_position["y"]
+            relative_z = well_pos["z"] - module_position["z"]
+            
+            # 创建孔位
+            well = PlateWell(
+                name=well_name,
+                size_x=well_config.get("diameter", 8.2) * 0.8,  # 使用配置中的直径
+                size_y=well_config.get("diameter", 8.2) * 0.8,
+                size_z=well_config.get("depth", self.get_size_z()),
+                max_volume=well_config.get("volume", well_volume)
+            )
+            
+            # 添加到板
+            self.assign_child_resource(
+                well,
+                location=Coordinate(relative_x, relative_y, relative_z)
+            )
+
+
+class LaiYuDeepWellPlate(LaiYuLiquidContainer):
+    """深孔板"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str, lid_height: float = 0.0):
+        """
+        初始化深孔板
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 板名称
+            lid_height: 盖子高度
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=127.76,
+            size_y=85.48,
+            size_z=41.3,
+            container_type="deep_well_plate",
+            volume=0.0,
+            max_volume=2000.0,
+            lid_height=lid_height
+        )
+        
+        # 创建孔位
+        self._create_wells(
+            well_count=96,
+            well_volume=2000.0,
+            well_spacing=9.0
+        )
+    
+    def get_size_z(self) -> float:
+        """获取孔位深度"""
+        return 35.0  # 深孔板孔位深度
+    
+    def _create_wells(self, well_count: int, well_volume: float, well_spacing: float):
+        """
+        创建孔位 - 从配置文件中读取绝对坐标
+        
+        Args:
+            well_count: 孔位数量
+            well_volume: 孔位体积
+            well_spacing: 孔位间距
+        """
+        # 从配置文件中获取深孔板的孔位信息
+        config = DECK_CONFIG
+        plate_module = None
+        
+        # 查找深孔板模块（通常是第二个96孔板模块）
+        plate_modules = []
+        for module in config.get("children", []):
+            if module.get("type") == "96_well_plate":
+                plate_modules.append(module)
+        
+        # 如果有多个96孔板模块，选择第二个作为深孔板
+        if len(plate_modules) > 1:
+            plate_module = plate_modules[1]
+        elif len(plate_modules) == 1:
+            plate_module = plate_modules[0]
+        
+        if not plate_module:
+            # 如果配置文件中没有找到，使用默认的相对坐标计算
+            rows = 8
+            cols = 12
+            
+            for row in range(rows):
+                for col in range(cols):
+                    well_name = f"{chr(65 + row)}{col + 1:02d}"
+                    x = col * well_spacing + well_spacing / 2
+                    y = row * well_spacing + well_spacing / 2
+                    
+                    # 创建孔位
+                    well = PlateWell(
+                        name=well_name,
+                        size_x=well_spacing * 0.8,
+                        size_y=well_spacing * 0.8,
+                        size_z=self.get_size_z(),
+                        max_volume=well_volume
+                    )
+                    
+                    # 添加到板
+                    self.assign_child_resource(
+                        well,
+                        location=Coordinate(x, y, 0)
+                    )
+            return
+        
+        # 使用配置文件中的绝对坐标
+        module_position = plate_module.get("position", {"x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0})
+        
+        for well_config in plate_module.get("wells", []):
+            well_name = well_config["id"]
+            well_pos = well_config["position"]
+            
+            # 计算相对于模块的坐标（绝对坐标减去模块位置）
+            relative_x = well_pos["x"] - module_position["x"]
+            relative_y = well_pos["y"] - module_position["y"]
+            relative_z = well_pos["z"] - module_position["z"]
+            
+            # 创建孔位
+            well = PlateWell(
+                name=well_name,
+                size_x=well_config.get("diameter", 8.2) * 0.8,  # 使用配置中的直径
+                size_y=well_config.get("diameter", 8.2) * 0.8,
+                size_z=well_config.get("depth", self.get_size_z()),
+                max_volume=well_config.get("volume", well_volume)
+            )
+            
+            # 添加到板
+            self.assign_child_resource(
+                well,
+                location=Coordinate(relative_x, relative_y, relative_z)
+            )
+
+
+class LaiYuWasteContainer(Container):
+    """废液容器"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化废液容器
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 容器名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=100.0,
+            size_y=100.0,
+            size_z=50.0,
+            max_volume=5000.0
+        )
+
+
+class LaiYuWashContainer(Container):
+    """清洗容器"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化清洗容器
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 容器名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=100.0,
+            size_y=100.0,
+            size_z=50.0,
+            max_volume=5000.0
+        )
+
+
+class LaiYuReagentContainer(Container):
+    """试剂容器"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化试剂容器
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 容器名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=50.0,
+            size_y=50.0,
+            size_z=100.0,
+            max_volume=2000.0
+        )
+
+
+class LaiYu8TubeRack(LaiYuLiquidContainer):
+    """8管试管架"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化8管试管架
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 试管架名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=151.0,
+            size_y=75.0,
+            size_z=75.0,
+            container_type="tube_rack",
+            volume=0.0,
+            max_volume=77000.0
+        )
+        
+        # 创建孔位
+        self._create_wells(
+            well_count=8,
+            well_volume=77000.0,
+            well_spacing=35.0
+        )
+    
+    def get_size_z(self) -> float:
+        """获取孔位深度"""
+        return 117.0  # 试管深度
+    
+    def _create_wells(self, well_count: int, well_volume: float, well_spacing: float):
+        """
+        创建孔位 - 从配置文件中读取绝对坐标
+        
+        Args:
+            well_count: 孔位数量
+            well_volume: 孔位体积
+            well_spacing: 孔位间距
+        """
+        # 从配置文件中获取8管试管架的孔位信息
+        config = DECK_CONFIG
+        tube_module = None
+        
+        # 查找8管试管架模块
+        for module in config.get("children", []):
+            if module.get("type") == "tube_rack":
+                tube_module = module
+                break
+        
+        if not tube_module:
+            # 如果配置文件中没有找到，使用默认的相对坐标计算
+            rows = 2
+            cols = 4
+            
+            for row in range(rows):
+                for col in range(cols):
+                    well_name = f"{chr(65 + row)}{col + 1}"
+                    x = col * well_spacing + well_spacing / 2
+                    y = row * well_spacing + well_spacing / 2
+                    
+                    # 创建孔位
+                    well = PlateWell(
+                        name=well_name,
+                        size_x=29.0,
+                        size_y=29.0,
+                        size_z=self.get_size_z(),
+                        max_volume=well_volume
+                    )
+                    
+                    # 添加到试管架
+                    self.assign_child_resource(
+                        well,
+                        location=Coordinate(x, y, 0)
+                    )
+            return
+        
+        # 使用配置文件中的绝对坐标
+        module_position = tube_module.get("position", {"x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0})
+        
+        for well_config in tube_module.get("wells", []):
+            well_name = well_config["id"]
+            well_pos = well_config["position"]
+            
+            # 计算相对于模块的坐标（绝对坐标减去模块位置）
+            relative_x = well_pos["x"] - module_position["x"]
+            relative_y = well_pos["y"] - module_position["y"]
+            relative_z = well_pos["z"] - module_position["z"]
+            
+            # 创建孔位
+            well = PlateWell(
+                name=well_name,
+                size_x=well_config.get("diameter", 29.0),
+                size_y=well_config.get("diameter", 29.0),
+                size_z=well_config.get("depth", self.get_size_z()),
+                max_volume=well_config.get("volume", well_volume)
+            )
+            
+            # 添加到试管架
+            self.assign_child_resource(
+                well,
+                location=Coordinate(relative_x, relative_y, relative_z)
+            )
+
+
+class LaiYuTipDisposal(Resource):
+    """枪头废料位置"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化枪头废料位置
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 位置名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=100.0,
+            size_y=100.0,
+            size_z=50.0
+        )
+
+
+class LaiYuMaintenancePosition(Resource):
+    """维护位置"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, name: str):
+        """
+        初始化维护位置
+        
+        Args:
+            name: 位置名称
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            name=name,
+            size_x=50.0,
+            size_y=50.0,
+            size_z=100.0
+        )
+
+
+# 资源创建函数
+def create_tip_rack_1000ul(name: str = "tip_rack_1000ul") -> LaiYuTipRack1000:
+    """
+    创建1000μL枪头架
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 枪头架名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuTipRack1000: 1000μL枪头架实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuTipRack1000(name)
+
+
+def create_tip_rack_200ul(name: str = "tip_rack_200ul") -> LaiYuTipRack200:
+    """
+    创建200μL枪头架
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 枪头架名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuTipRack200: 200μL枪头架实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuTipRack200(name)
+
+
+def create_96_well_plate(name: str = "96_well_plate", lid_height: float = 0.0) -> LaiYu96WellPlate:
+    """
+    创建96孔板
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 板名称
+        lid_height: 盖子高度
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYu96WellPlate: 96孔板实例
+    """
+    return LaiYu96WellPlate(name, lid_height)
+
+
+def create_deep_well_plate(name: str = "deep_well_plate", lid_height: float = 0.0) -> LaiYuDeepWellPlate:
+    """
+    创建深孔板
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 板名称
+        lid_height: 盖子高度
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuDeepWellPlate: 深孔板实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuDeepWellPlate(name, lid_height)
+
+
+def create_8_tube_rack(name: str = "8_tube_rack") -> LaiYu8TubeRack:
+    """
+    创建8管试管架
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 试管架名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYu8TubeRack: 8管试管架实例
+    """
+    return LaiYu8TubeRack(name)
+
+
+def create_waste_container(name: str = "waste_container") -> LaiYuWasteContainer:
+    """
+    创建废液容器
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 容器名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuWasteContainer: 废液容器实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuWasteContainer(name)
+
+
+def create_wash_container(name: str = "wash_container") -> LaiYuWashContainer:
+    """
+    创建清洗容器
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 容器名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuWashContainer: 清洗容器实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuWashContainer(name)
+
+
+def create_reagent_container(name: str = "reagent_container") -> LaiYuReagentContainer:
+    """
+    创建试剂容器
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 容器名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuReagentContainer: 试剂容器实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuReagentContainer(name)
+
+
+def create_tip_disposal(name: str = "tip_disposal") -> LaiYuTipDisposal:
+    """
+    创建枪头废料位置
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 位置名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuTipDisposal: 枪头废料位置实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuTipDisposal(name)
+
+
+def create_maintenance_position(name: str = "maintenance_position") -> LaiYuMaintenancePosition:
+    """
+    创建维护位置
+    
+    Args:
+        name: 位置名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuMaintenancePosition: 维护位置实例
+    """
+    return LaiYuMaintenancePosition(name)
+
+
+def create_standard_deck() -> LaiYuLiquidDeck:
+    """
+    创建标准工作台配置
+    
+    Returns:
+        LaiYuLiquidDeck: 配置好的工作台实例
+    """
+    # 从配置文件创建工作台
+    deck = LaiYuLiquidDeck(config=DECK_CONFIG)
+    
+    return deck
+
+
+def get_resource_by_name(deck: LaiYuLiquidDeck, name: str) -> Optional[Resource]:
+    """
+    根据名称获取资源
+    
+    Args:
+        deck: 工作台实例
+        name: 资源名称
+        
+    Returns:
+        Optional[Resource]: 找到的资源，如果不存在则返回None
+    """
+    for child in deck.children:
+        if child.name == name:
+            return child
+    return None
+
+
+def get_resources_by_type(deck: LaiYuLiquidDeck, resource_type: type) -> List[Resource]:
+    """
+    根据类型获取资源列表
+    
+    Args:
+        deck: 工作台实例
+        resource_type: 资源类型
+        
+    Returns:
+        List[Resource]: 匹配类型的资源列表
+    """
+    return [child for child in deck.children if isinstance(child, resource_type)]
+
+
+def list_all_resources(deck: LaiYuLiquidDeck) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
+    """
+    列出所有资源
+    
+    Args:
+        deck: 工作台实例
+        
+    Returns:
+        Dict[str, List[str]]: 按类型分组的资源名称字典
+    """
+    resources = {
+        "tip_racks": [],
+        "plates": [],
+        "containers": [],
+        "positions": []
+    }
+    
+    for child in deck.children:
+        if isinstance(child, (LaiYuTipRack1000, LaiYuTipRack200)):
+            resources["tip_racks"].append(child.name)
+        elif isinstance(child, (LaiYu96WellPlate, LaiYuDeepWellPlate)):
+            resources["plates"].append(child.name)
+        elif isinstance(child, (LaiYuWasteContainer, LaiYuWashContainer, LaiYuReagentContainer)):
+            resources["containers"].append(child.name)
+        elif isinstance(child, (LaiYuTipDisposal, LaiYuMaintenancePosition)):
+            resources["positions"].append(child.name)
+    
+    return resources
+
+
+# 导出的类别名（向后兼容）
+TipRack1000ul = LaiYuTipRack1000
+TipRack200ul = LaiYuTipRack200
+Plate96Well = LaiYu96WellPlate
+Plate96DeepWell = LaiYuDeepWellPlate
+TubeRack8 = LaiYu8TubeRack
+WasteContainer = LaiYuWasteContainer
+WashContainer = LaiYuWashContainer
+ReagentContainer = LaiYuReagentContainer
+TipDisposal = LaiYuTipDisposal
+MaintenancePosition = LaiYuMaintenancePosition

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/docs/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# 更新日志
+
+本文档记录了 LaiYu_Liquid 模块的所有重要变更。
+
+## [1.0.0] - 2024-01-XX
+
+### 新增功能
+- ✅ 完整的液体处理工作站集成
+- ✅ RS485 通信协议支持
+- ✅ SOPA 气动式移液器驱动
+- ✅ XYZ 三轴步进电机控制
+- ✅ PyLabRobot 兼容后端
+- ✅ 标准化资源管理系统
+- ✅ 96孔板、离心管架、枪头架支持
+- ✅ RViz 可视化后端
+- ✅ 完整的配置管理系统
+- ✅ 抽象协议实现
+- ✅ 生产级错误处理和日志记录
+
+### 技术特性
+- **硬件支持**: SOPA移液器 + XYZ三轴运动平台
+- **通信协议**: RS485总线，波特率115200
+- **坐标系统**: 机械坐标与工作坐标自动转换
+- **安全机制**: 限位保护、紧急停止、错误恢复
+- **兼容性**: 完全兼容 PyLabRobot 框架
+
+### 文件结构
+```
+LaiYu_Liquid/
+├── core/
+│   └── LaiYu_Liquid.py      # 主模块文件
+├── __init__.py              # 模块初始化
+├── abstract_protocol.py    # 抽象协议
+├── laiyu_liquid_res.py     # 资源管理
+├── rviz_backend.py         # RViz后端
+├── backend/                # 后端驱动
+├── config/                 # 配置文件
+├── controllers/           # 控制器
+├── docs/                  # 技术文档
+└── drivers/               # 底层驱动
+```
+
+### 已知问题
+- 无
+
+### 依赖要求
+- Python 3.8+
+- PyLabRobot
+- pyserial
+- asyncio
+
+---
+
+## 版本说明
+
+### 版本号格式
+采用语义化版本控制 (Semantic Versioning): `MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`
+
+- **MAJOR**: 不兼容的API变更
+- **MINOR**: 向后兼容的功能新增
+- **PATCH**: 向后兼容的问题修复
+
+### 变更类型
+- **新增功能**: 新的功能特性
+- **变更**: 现有功能的变更
+- **弃用**: 即将移除的功能
+- **移除**: 已移除的功能
+- **修复**: 问题修复
+- **安全**: 安全相关的修复

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/docs/hardware/SOPA气动式移液器RS485控制指令.md

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+# SOPA气动式移液器RS485控制指令合集
+
+## 1. RS485通信基本配置
+
+### 1.1 支持的设备型号
+- **仅SC-STxxx-00-13支持RS485通信**
+- 其他型号主要使用CAN通信
+
+### 1.2 通信参数
+- **波特率**: 9600, 115200（默认值）
+- **地址范围**: 1~254个设备，255为广播地址
+- **通信接口**: RS485差分信号
+
+### 1.3 引脚分配（10位LIF连接器）
+- **引脚7**: RS485+ (RS485通信正极)
+- **引脚8**: RS485- (RS485通信负极)
+
+## 2. RS485通信协议格式
+
+### 2.1 发送数据格式
+```
+头码 | 地址 | 命令/数据 | 尾码 | 校验和
+```
+
+### 2.2 从机回应格式
+```
+头码 | 地址 | 数据（固定9字节） | 尾码 | 校验和
+```
+
+### 2.3 格式详细说明
+- **头码**: 
+  - 终端调试: '/' (0x2F)
+  - OEM通信: '[' (0x5B) 
+- **地址**: 设备节点地址，1~254，多字节ASCII（注意：地址不可为47，69，91）
+- **命令/数据**: ASCII格式的命令字符串
+- **尾码**: 'E' (0x45)
+- **校验和**: 以上数据的累加值，1字节
+
+## 3. 初始化和基本控制指令
+
+### 3.1 初始化指令
+```bash
+# 初始化活塞驱动机构
+HE
+
+# 示例（OEM通信）：
+# 主机发送: 5B 32 48 45 1A
+# 从机回应开始: 2F 02 06 0A 30 00 00 00 00 00 00 45 B6
+# 从机回应完成: 2F 02 06 00 30 00 00 00 00 00 00 45 AC
+```
+
+### 3.2 枪头操作指令
+```bash
+# 顶出枪头
+RE
+
+# 枪头检测状态报告
+Q28  # 返回枪头存在状态（0=不存在，1=存在）
+```
+
+## 4. 移液控制指令
+
+### 4.1 位置控制指令
+```bash
+# 绝对位置移动（微升）
+A[n]E
+# 示例：移动到位置0
+A0E
+
+# 相对抽吸（向上移动）
+P[n]E
+# 示例：抽吸200微升
+P200E
+
+# 相对分配（向下移动）  
+D[n]E
+# 示例：分配200微升
+D200E
+```
+
+### 4.2 速度设置指令
+```bash
+# 设置最高速度（0.1ul/秒为单位）
+s[n]E
+# 示例：设置最高速度为2000（200ul/秒）
+s2000E
+
+# 设置启动速度
+b[n]E
+# 示例：设置启动速度为100（10ul/秒）
+b100E
+
+# 设置断流速度
+c[n]E
+# 示例：设置断流速度为100（10ul/秒）
+c100E
+
+# 设置加速度
+a[n]E
+# 示例：设置加速度为30000
+a30000E
+```
+
+## 5. 液体检测和安全控制指令
+
+### 5.1 吸排液检测控制
+```bash
+# 开启吸排液检测
+f1E  # 开启
+f0E  # 关闭
+
+# 设置空吸门限
+$[n]E
+# 示例：设置空吸门限为4
+$4E
+
+# 设置泡沫门限
+![n]E
+# 示例：设置泡沫门限为20
+!20E
+
+# 设置堵塞门限
+%[n]E
+# 示例：设置堵塞门限为350
+%350E
+```
+
+### 5.2 液位检测指令
+```bash
+# 压力式液位检测
+m0E  # 设置为压力探测模式
+L[n]E  # 执行液位检测，[n]为灵敏度(3~40)
+k[n]E  # 设置检测速度(100~2000)
+
+# 电容式液位检测  
+m1E  # 设置为电容探测模式
+```
+
+## 6. 状态查询和报告指令
+
+### 6.1 基本状态查询
+```bash
+# 查询固件版本
+V
+
+# 查询设备状态
+Q[n]
+# 常用查询参数：
+Q01  # 报告加速度
+Q02  # 报告启动速度  
+Q03  # 报告断流速度
+Q06  # 报告最大速度
+Q08  # 报告节点地址
+Q11  # 报告波特率
+Q18  # 报告当前位置
+Q28  # 报告枪头存在状态
+Q29  # 报告校准系数
+Q30  # 报告空吸门限
+Q31  # 报告堵针门限
+Q32  # 报告泡沫门限
+```
+
+## 7. 配置和校准指令
+
+### 7.1 校准参数设置
+```bash
+# 设置校准系数
+j[n]E
+# 示例：设置校准系数为1.04
+j1.04E
+
+# 设置补偿偏差
+e[n]E  
+# 示例：设置补偿偏差为2.03
+e2.03E
+
+# 设置吸头容量
+C[n]E
+# 示例：设置1000ul吸头
+C1000E
+```
+
+### 7.2 高级控制参数
+```bash
+# 设置回吸粘度
+][n]E
+# 示例：设置回吸粘度为30
+]30E
+
+# 延时控制
+M[n]E
+# 示例：延时1000毫秒
+M1000E
+```
+
+## 8. 复合操作指令示例
+
+### 8.1 标准移液操作
+```bash
+# 完整的200ul移液操作
+a30000b200c200s2000P200E
+# 解析：设置加速度30000 + 启动速度200 + 断流速度200 + 最高速度2000 + 抽吸200ul + 执行
+```
+
+### 8.2 带检测的移液操作
+```bash
+# 带空吸检测的200ul抽吸
+a30000b200c200s2000f1P200f0E
+# 解析：设置参数 + 开启检测 + 抽吸200ul + 关闭检测 + 执行
+```
+
+### 8.3 液面检测操作
+```bash
+# 压力式液面检测
+m0k200L5E
+# 解析：压力模式 + 检测速度200 + 灵敏度5 + 执行检测
+
+# 电容式液面检测  
+m1L3E
+# 解析：电容模式 + 灵敏度3 + 执行检测
+```
+
+## 9. 错误处理
+
+### 9.1 状态字节说明
+- **00h**: 无错误
+- **01h**: 上次动作未完成
+- **02h**: 设备未初始化  
+- **03h**: 设备过载
+- **04h**: 无效指令
+- **05h**: 液位探测故障
+- **0Dh**: 空吸
+- **0Eh**: 堵针
+- **10h**: 泡沫
+- **11h**: 吸液超过吸头容量
+
+### 9.2 错误查询
+```bash
+# 查询当前错误状态
+Q  # 返回状态字节和错误代码
+```
+
+## 10. 通信示例
+
+### 10.1 基本通信流程
+1. **执行命令**: 主机发送命令 → 从机确认 → 从机执行 → 从机回应完成
+2. **读取数据**: 主机发送查询 → 从机确认 → 从机返回数据
+
+### 10.2 快速指令表
+| 操作 | 指令 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| 初始化 | `HE` | 初始化设备 |
+| 退枪头 | `RE` | 顶出枪头 |
+| 吸液200ul | `a30000b200c200s2000P200E` | 基本吸液 |
+| 带检测吸液 | `a30000b200c200s2000f1P200f0E` | 开启空吸检测 |
+| 吐液200ul | `a300000b500c500s6000D200E` | 基本分配 |
+| 压力液面检测 | `m0k200L5E` | pLLD检测 |
+| 电容液面检测 | `m1L3E` | cLLD检测 |
+
+## 11. 注意事项
+
+1. **地址限制**: RS485地址不可设为47、69、91
+2. **校验和**: 终端调试时不关心校验和，OEM通信需要校验
+3. **ASCII格式**: 所有命令和参数都使用ASCII字符
+4. **执行指令**: 大部分命令需要以'E'结尾才能执行
+5. **设备支持**: 只有SC-STxxx-00-13型号支持RS485通信
+6. **波特率设置**: 默认115200，可设置为9600

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/docs/hardware/步进电机控制指令.md

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+# 步进电机B系列控制指令详解
+
+## 基本通信参数
+- **通信方式**: RS485
+- **协议**: Modbus
+- **波特率**: 115200 (默认)
+- **数据位**: 8位
+- **停止位**: 1位
+- **校验位**: 无
+- **默认站号**: 1 (可设置1-254)
+
+## 支持的功能码
+- **03H**: 读取寄存器
+- **06H**: 写入单个寄存器  
+- **10H**: 写入多个寄存器
+
+## 寄存器地址表
+
+### 状态监控寄存器 (只读)
+| 地址 | 功能码 | 内容 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|------|
+| 00H | 03H | 电机状态 | 0000H-待机/到位, 0001H-运行中, 0002H-碰撞停, 0003H-正光电停, 0004H-反光电停 |
+| 01H | 03H | 实际步数高位 | 当前电机位置的高16位 |
+| 02H | 03H | 实际步数低位 | 当前电机位置的低16位 |
+| 03H | 03H | 实际速度 | 当前转速 (rpm) |
+| 05H | 03H | 电流 | 当前工作电流 (mA) |
+
+### 控制寄存器 (读写)
+| 地址 | 功能码 | 内容 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|------|
+| 04H | 03H/06H/10H | 急停指令 | 紧急停止控制 |
+| 06H | 03H/06H/10H | 失能控制 | 1-使能, 0-失能 |
+| 07H | 03H/06H/10H | PWM输出 | 0-1000对应0%-100%占空比 |
+| 0EH | 03H/06H/10H | 单圈绝对值归零 | 归零指令 |
+| 0FH | 03H/06H/10H | 归零指令 | 定点模式归零速度设置 |
+
+### 位置模式寄存器
+| 地址 | 功能码 | 内容 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|------|
+| 10H | 03H/06H/10H | 目标步数高位 | 目标位置高16位 |
+| 11H | 03H/06H/10H | 目标步数低位 | 目标位置低16位 |
+| 12H | 03H/06H/10H | 保留 | - |
+| 13H | 03H/06H/10H | 速度 | 运行速度 (rpm) |
+| 14H | 03H/06H/10H | 加速度 | 0-60000 rpm/s |
+| 15H | 03H/06H/10H | 精度 | 到位精度设置 |
+
+### 速度模式寄存器
+| 地址 | 功能码 | 内容 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|------|
+| 60H | 03H/06H/10H | 保留 | - |
+| 61H | 03H/06H/10H | 速度 | 正值正转，负值反转 |
+| 62H | 03H/06H/10H | 加速度 | 0-60000 rpm/s |
+
+### 设备参数寄存器
+| 地址 | 功能码 | 内容 | 默认值 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|--------|------|
+| E0H | 03H/06H/10H | 设备地址 | 0001H | Modbus从站地址 |
+| E1H | 03H/06H/10H | 堵转电流 | 0BB8H | 堵转检测电流阈值 |
+| E2H | 03H/06H/10H | 保留 | 0258H | - |
+| E3H | 03H/06H/10H | 每圈步数 | 0640H | 细分设置 |
+| E4H | 03H/06H/10H | 限位开关使能 | F000H | 1-使能, 0-禁用 |
+| E5H | 03H/06H/10H | 堵转逻辑 | 0000H | 00-断电, 01-对抗 |
+| E6H | 03H/06H/10H | 堵转时间 | 0000H | 堵转检测时间(ms) |
+| E7H | 03H/06H/10H | 默认速度 | 1388H | 上电默认速度 |
+| E8H | 03H/06H/10H | 默认加速度 | EA60H | 上电默认加速度 |
+| E9H | 03H/06H/10H | 默认精度 | 0064H | 上电默认精度 |
+| EAH | 03H/06H/10H | 波特率高位 | 0001H | 通信波特率设置 |
+| EBH | 03H/06H/10H | 波特率低位 | C200H | 115200对应01C200H |
+
+### 版本信息寄存器 (只读)
+| 地址 | 功能码 | 内容 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|------|
+| F0H | 03H | 版本号 | 固件版本信息 |
+| F1H-F4H | 03H | 型号 | 产品型号信息 |
+
+## 常用控制指令示例
+
+### 读取电机状态
+```
+发送: 01 03 00 00 00 01 84 0A
+接收: 01 03 02 00 01 79 84
+说明: 电机状态为0001H (正在运行)
+```
+
+### 读取当前位置
+```
+发送: 01 03 00 01 00 02 95 CB  
+接收: 01 03 04 00 19 00 00 2B F4
+说明: 当前位置为1638400步 (100圈)
+```
+
+### 停止电机
+```
+发送: 01 10 00 04 00 01 02 00 00 A7 D4
+接收: 01 10 00 04 00 01 40 08
+说明: 急停指令
+```
+
+### 位置模式运动
+```
+发送: 01 10 00 10 00 06 0C 00 19 00 00 00 00 13 88 00 00 00 00 9F FB
+接收: 01 10 00 10 00 06 41 CE
+说明: 以5000rpm速度运动到1638400步位置
+```
+
+### 速度模式 - 正转
+```
+发送: 01 10 00 60 00 04 08 00 00 13 88 00 FA 00 00 F4 77
+接收: 01 10 00 60 00 04 C1 D4
+说明: 以5000rpm速度正转
+```
+
+### 速度模式 - 反转
+```
+发送: 01 10 00 60 00 04 08 00 00 EC 78 00 FA 00 00 A0 6D
+接收: 01 10 00 60 00 04 C1 D4
+说明: 以5000rpm速度反转 (EC78H = -5000)
+```
+
+### 设置设备地址
+```
+发送: 00 06 00 E0 00 02 C9 F1
+接收: 00 06 00 E0 00 02 C9 F1
+说明: 将设备地址设置为2
+```
+
+## 错误码
+| 状态码 | 含义 |
+|--------|------|
+| 0001H | 功能码错误 |
+| 0002H | 地址错误 |
+| 0003H | 长度错误 |
+
+## CRC校验算法
+```c
+public static byte[] ModBusCRC(byte[] data, int offset, int cnt) {
+    int wCrc = 0x0000FFFF;
+    byte[] CRC = new byte[2];
+    for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+        wCrc ^= ((data[i + offset]) & 0xFF);
+        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+            if ((wCrc & 0x00000001) == 1) {
+                wCrc >>= 1;
+                wCrc ^= 0x0000A001;
+            } else {
+                wCrc >>= 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    CRC[1] = (byte) ((wCrc & 0x0000FF00) >> 8);
+    CRC[0] = (byte) (wCrc & 0x000000FF);
+    return CRC;
+}
+```
+
+## 注意事项
+1. 所有16位数据采用大端序传输
+2. 步数计算: 实际步数 = 高位<<16 | 低位
+3. 负数使用补码表示
+4. PWM输出K脚: 0%开漏, 100%接地, 其他输出1KHz PWM
+5. 光电开关需使用NPN开漏型
+6. 限位开关: LF正向, LB反向

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/docs/readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+# LaiYu_Liquid 液体处理工作站
+
+## 概述
+
+LaiYu_Liquid 是一个完全集成到 UniLabOS 的自动化液体处理工作站，基于 RS485 通信协议，专为精确的液体分配和转移操作而设计。本模块已完成生产环境部署准备，提供完整的硬件控制、资源管理和标准化接口。
+
+## 系统组成
+
+### 硬件组件
+- **XYZ三轴运动平台**: 3个RS485步进电机驱动（地址：X轴=0x01, Y轴=0x02, Z轴=0x03）
+- **SOPA气动式移液器**: RS485总线控制，支持精密液体处理操作
+- **通信接口**: RS485转USB模块，默认波特率115200
+- **机械结构**: 稳固工作台面，支持离心管架、96孔板等标准实验耗材
+
+### 软件架构
+- **驱动层**: 底层硬件通信驱动，支持RS485协议
+- **控制层**: 高级控制逻辑和坐标系管理
+- **抽象层**: 完全符合UniLabOS标准的液体处理接口
+- **资源层**: 标准化的实验器具和耗材管理
+
+## 🎯 生产就绪组件
+
+### ✅ 核心驱动程序 (`drivers/`)
+- **`sopa_pipette_driver.py`** - SOPA移液器完整驱动
+  - 支持液体吸取、分配、检测
+  - 完整的错误处理和状态管理
+  - 生产级别的通信协议实现
+  
+- **`xyz_stepper_driver.py`** - XYZ三轴步进电机驱动
+  - 精确的位置控制和运动规划
+  - 安全限位和错误检测
+  - 高性能运动控制算法
+
+### ✅ 高级控制器 (`controllers/`)
+- **`pipette_controller.py`** - 移液控制器
+  - 封装高级液体处理功能
+  - 支持多种液体类型和处理参数
+  - 智能错误恢复机制
+  
+- **`xyz_controller.py`** - XYZ运动控制器
+  - 坐标系管理和转换
+  - 运动路径优化
+  - 安全运动控制
+
+### ✅ UniLabOS集成 (`core/LaiYu_Liquid.py`)
+- **完整的液体处理抽象接口**
+- **标准化的资源管理系统**
+- **与PyLabRobot兼容的后端实现**
+- **生产级别的错误处理和日志记录**
+
+### ✅ 资源管理系统
+- **`laiyu_liquid_res.py`** - 标准化资源定义
+  - 96孔板、离心管架、枪头架等标准器具
+  - 自动化的资源创建和配置函数
+  - 与工作台布局的完美集成
+
+### ✅ 配置管理 (`config/`)
+- **`config/deck.json`** - 工作台布局配置
+  - 精确的空间定义和槽位管理
+  - 支持多种实验器具的标准化放置
+  - 可扩展的配置架构
+
+- **`__init__.py`** - 模块集成和导出
+  - 完整的API导出和版本管理
+  - 依赖检查和安装验证
+  - 专业的模块信息展示
+
+<!-- ### ✅ 可视化支持
+- **`rviz_backend.py`** - RViz可视化后端
+  - 实时运动状态可视化
+  - 液体处理过程监控
+  - 与ROS系统的无缝集成 -->
+
+## 🚀 核心功能特性
+
+### 液体处理能力
+- **精密体积控制**: 支持1-1000μL精确分配
+- **多种液体类型**: 水性、有机溶剂、粘稠液体等
+- **智能检测**: 液位检测、气泡检测、堵塞检测
+- **自动化流程**: 完整的吸取-转移-分配工作流
+
+### 运动控制系统
+- **三轴精密定位**: 微米级精度控制
+- **路径优化**: 智能运动规划和碰撞避免
+- **安全机制**: 限位保护、紧急停止、错误恢复
+- **坐标系管理**: 工作坐标与机械坐标的自动转换
+
+### 资源管理
+- **标准化器具**: 支持96孔板、离心管架、枪头架等
+- **状态跟踪**: 实时监控液体体积、枪头状态等
+- **自动配置**: 基于JSON的灵活配置系统
+- **扩展性**: 易于添加新的器具类型
+
+## 📁 目录结构
+
+```
+LaiYu_Liquid/
+├── __init__.py              # 模块初始化和API导出
+├── readme.md               # 本文档
+├── backend/                # 后端驱动模块
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   └── laiyu_backend.py    # PyLabRobot兼容后端
+├── core/                   # 核心模块
+│   ├── core/
+│   │   └── LaiYu_Liquid.py    # 主设备类
+│   ├── abstract_protocol.py # 抽象协议
+│   └── laiyu_liquid_res.py # 设备资源定义
+├── config/                 # 配置文件目录
+│   └── deck.json          # 工作台布局配置
+├── controllers/           # 高级控制器
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   ├── pipette_controller.py  # 移液控制器
+│   └── xyz_controller.py      # XYZ运动控制器
+├── docs/                  # 技术文档
+│   ├── SOPA气动式移液器RS485控制指令.md
+│   ├── 步进电机控制指令.md
+│   └── hardware/          # 硬件相关文档
+├── drivers/               # 底层驱动程序
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   ├── sopa_pipette_driver.py  # SOPA移液器驱动
+│   └── xyz_stepper_driver.py   # XYZ步进电机驱动
+└── tests/                 # 测试文件
+```
+
+## 🔧 快速开始
+
+### 1. 安装和验证
+
+```python
+# 验证模块安装
+from unilabos.devices.laiyu_liquid import (
+    LaiYuLiquid,
+    LaiYuLiquidConfig,
+    create_quick_setup,
+    print_module_info
+)
+
+# 查看模块信息
+print_module_info()
+
+# 快速创建默认资源
+resources = create_quick_setup()
+print(f"已创建 {len(resources)} 个资源")
+```
+
+### 2. 基本使用示例
+
+```python
+from unilabos.devices.LaiYu_Liquid import (
+    create_quick_setup, 
+    create_96_well_plate,
+    create_laiyu_backend
+)
+
+# 快速创建默认资源
+resources = create_quick_setup()
+print(f"创建了以下资源: {list(resources.keys())}")
+
+# 创建96孔板
+plate_96 = create_96_well_plate("test_plate")
+print(f"96孔板包含 {len(plate_96.children)} 个孔位")
+
+# 创建后端实例（用于PyLabRobot集成）
+backend = create_laiyu_backend("LaiYu_Device")
+print(f"后端设备: {backend.name}")
+```
+
+### 3. 后端驱动使用
+
+```python
+from unilabos.devices.laiyu_liquid.backend import create_laiyu_backend
+
+# 创建后端实例
+backend = create_laiyu_backend("LaiYu_Liquid_Station")
+
+# 连接设备
+await backend.connect()
+
+# 设备归位
+await backend.home_device()
+
+# 获取设备状态
+status = await backend.get_status()
+print(f"设备状态: {status}")
+
+# 断开连接
+await backend.disconnect()
+```
+
+### 4. 资源管理示例
+
+```python
+from unilabos.devices.LaiYu_Liquid import (
+    create_centrifuge_tube_rack,
+    create_tip_rack,
+    load_deck_config
+)
+
+# 加载工作台配置
+deck_config = load_deck_config()
+print(f"工作台尺寸: {deck_config['size_x']}x{deck_config['size_y']}mm")
+
+# 创建不同类型的资源
+tube_rack = create_centrifuge_tube_rack("sample_rack")
+tip_rack = create_tip_rack("tip_rack_200ul")
+
+print(f"离心管架: {tube_rack.name}, 容量: {len(tube_rack.children)} 个位置")
+print(f"枪头架: {tip_rack.name}, 容量: {len(tip_rack.children)} 个枪头")
+```
+
+## 🔍 技术架构
+
+### 坐标系统
+- **机械坐标**: 基于步进电机的原始坐标系统
+- **工作坐标**: 用户友好的实验室坐标系统
+- **自动转换**: 透明的坐标系转换和校准
+
+### 通信协议
+- **RS485总线**: 高可靠性工业通信标准
+- **Modbus协议**: 标准化的设备通信协议
+- **错误检测**: 完整的通信错误检测和恢复
+
+### 安全机制
+- **限位保护**: 硬件和软件双重限位保护
+- **紧急停止**: 即时停止所有运动和操作
+- **状态监控**: 实时设备状态监控和报警
+
+## 🧪 验证和测试
+
+### 功能验证
+```python
+# 验证模块安装
+from unilabos.devices.laiyu_liquid import validate_installation
+validate_installation()
+
+# 查看模块信息
+from unilabos.devices.laiyu_liquid import print_module_info
+print_module_info()
+```
+
+### 硬件连接测试
+```python
+# 测试SOPA移液器连接
+from unilabos.devices.laiyu_liquid.drivers import SOPAPipette, SOPAConfig
+
+config = SOPAConfig(port="/dev/cu.usbserial-3130", address=4)
+pipette = SOPAPipette(config)
+success = pipette.connect()
+print(f"SOPA连接状态: {'成功' if success else '失败'}")
+```
+
+## 📚 维护和支持
+
+### 日志记录
+- **结构化日志**: 使用Python logging模块的专业日志记录
+- **错误追踪**: 详细的错误信息和堆栈跟踪
+- **性能监控**: 操作时间和性能指标记录
+
+### 配置管理
+- **JSON配置**: 灵活的JSON格式配置文件
+- **参数验证**: 自动配置参数验证和错误提示
+- **热重载**: 支持配置文件的动态重载
+
+### 扩展性
+- **模块化设计**: 易于扩展和定制的模块化架构
+- **插件接口**: 支持第三方插件和扩展
+- **API兼容**: 向后兼容的API设计
+
+

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/drivers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""
+LaiYu_Liquid 驱动程序模块
+
+该模块包含了LaiYu_Liquid液体处理工作站的硬件驱动程序：
+- SOPA移液器驱动程序
+- XYZ步进电机驱动程序
+"""
+
+# SOPA移液器驱动程序导入
+from .sopa_pipette_driver import SOPAPipette, SOPAConfig, SOPAStatusCode
+
+# XYZ步进电机驱动程序导入  
+from .xyz_stepper_driver import StepperMotorDriver, XYZStepperController, MotorAxis, MotorStatus
+
+__all__ = [
+    # SOPA移液器
+    "SOPAPipette",
+    "SOPAConfig",
+    "SOPAStatusCode",
+    
+    # XYZ步进电机
+    "StepperMotorDriver", 
+    "XYZStepperController",
+    "MotorAxis",
+    "MotorStatus",
+]
+
+__version__ = "1.0.0"
+__author__ = "LaiYu_Liquid Driver Team"
+__description__ = "LaiYu_Liquid 硬件驱动程序集合"

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/drivers/xyz_stepper_driver.py

@@ -0,0 +1,663 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+XYZ三轴步进电机B系列驱动程序
+支持RS485通信，Modbus协议
+"""
+
+import serial
+import struct
+import time
+import logging
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Dict, Any
+from enum import Enum
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+# 配置日志
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class MotorAxis(Enum):
+    """电机轴枚举"""
+    X = 1
+    Y = 2
+    Z = 3
+
+
+class MotorStatus(Enum):
+    """电机状态枚举"""
+    STANDBY = 0x0000  # 待机/到位
+    RUNNING = 0x0001  # 运行中
+    COLLISION_STOP = 0x0002  # 碰撞停
+    FORWARD_LIMIT_STOP = 0x0003  # 正光电停
+    REVERSE_LIMIT_STOP = 0x0004  # 反光电停
+
+
+class ModbusFunction(Enum):
+    """Modbus功能码"""
+    READ_HOLDING_REGISTERS = 0x03
+    WRITE_SINGLE_REGISTER = 0x06
+    WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS = 0x10
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MotorPosition:
+    """电机位置信息"""
+    steps: int
+    speed: int
+    current: int
+    status: MotorStatus
+
+
+class ModbusException(Exception):
+    """Modbus通信异常"""
+    pass
+
+
+class StepperMotorDriver:
+    """步进电机驱动器基类"""
+    
+    # 寄存器地址常量
+    REG_STATUS = 0x00
+    REG_POSITION_HIGH = 0x01
+    REG_POSITION_LOW = 0x02
+    REG_ACTUAL_SPEED = 0x03
+    REG_EMERGENCY_STOP = 0x04
+    REG_CURRENT = 0x05
+    REG_ENABLE = 0x06
+    REG_PWM_OUTPUT = 0x07
+    REG_ZERO_SINGLE = 0x0E
+    REG_ZERO_COMMAND = 0x0F
+    
+    # 位置模式寄存器
+    REG_TARGET_POSITION_HIGH = 0x10
+    REG_TARGET_POSITION_LOW = 0x11
+    REG_POSITION_SPEED = 0x13
+    REG_POSITION_ACCELERATION = 0x14
+    REG_POSITION_PRECISION = 0x15
+    
+    # 速度模式寄存器
+    REG_SPEED_MODE_SPEED = 0x61
+    REG_SPEED_MODE_ACCELERATION = 0x62
+    
+    # 设备参数寄存器
+    REG_DEVICE_ADDRESS = 0xE0
+    REG_DEFAULT_SPEED = 0xE7
+    REG_DEFAULT_ACCELERATION = 0xE8
+    
+    def __init__(self, port: str, baudrate: int = 115200, timeout: float = 1.0):
+        """
+        初始化步进电机驱动器
+        
+        Args:
+            port: 串口端口名
+            baudrate: 波特率
+            timeout: 通信超时时间
+        """
+        self.port = port
+        self.baudrate = baudrate
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.serial_conn: Optional[serial.Serial] = None
+        
+    def connect(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        建立串口连接
+        
+        Returns:
+            连接是否成功
+        """
+        try:
+            self.serial_conn = serial.Serial(
+                port=self.port,
+                baudrate=self.baudrate,
+                bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,
+                parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,
+                stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
+                timeout=self.timeout
+            )
+            logger.info(f"已连接到串口: {self.port}")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"串口连接失败: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        """关闭串口连接"""
+        if self.serial_conn and self.serial_conn.is_open:
+            self.serial_conn.close()
+            logger.info("串口连接已关闭")
+    
+    def __enter__(self):
+        """上下文管理器入口"""
+        if self.connect():
+            return self
+        raise ModbusException("无法建立串口连接")
+    
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        """上下文管理器出口"""
+        self.disconnect()
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def calculate_crc(data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        """
+        计算Modbus CRC校验码
+        
+        Args:
+            data: 待校验的数据
+            
+        Returns:
+            CRC校验码 (2字节)
+        """
+        crc = 0xFFFF
+        for byte in data:
+            crc ^= byte
+            for _ in range(8):
+                if crc & 0x0001:
+                    crc >>= 1
+                    crc ^= 0xA001
+                else:
+                    crc >>= 1
+        return struct.pack('<H', crc)
+    
+    def _send_command(self, slave_addr: int, data: bytes) -> bytes:
+        """
+        发送Modbus命令并接收响应
+        
+        Args:
+            slave_addr: 从站地址
+            data: 命令数据
+            
+        Returns:
+            响应数据
+            
+        Raises:
+            ModbusException: 通信异常
+        """
+        if not self.serial_conn or not self.serial_conn.is_open:
+            raise ModbusException("串口未连接")
+        
+        # 构建完整命令
+        command = bytes([slave_addr]) + data
+        crc = self.calculate_crc(command)
+        full_command = command + crc
+        
+        # 清空接收缓冲区
+        self.serial_conn.reset_input_buffer()
+        
+        # 发送命令
+        self.serial_conn.write(full_command)
+        logger.debug(f"发送命令: {' '.join(f'{b:02X}' for b in full_command)}")
+        
+        # 等待响应
+        time.sleep(0.01)  # 短暂延时
+        
+        # 读取响应
+        response = self.serial_conn.read(256)  # 最大读取256字节
+        if not response:
+            raise ModbusException("未收到响应")
+        
+        logger.debug(f"接收响应: {' '.join(f'{b:02X}' for b in response)}")
+        
+        # 验证CRC
+        if len(response) < 3:
+            raise ModbusException("响应数据长度不足")
+        
+        data_part = response[:-2]
+        received_crc = response[-2:]
+        calculated_crc = self.calculate_crc(data_part)
+        
+        if received_crc != calculated_crc:
+            raise ModbusException("CRC校验失败")
+        
+        return response
+    
+    def read_registers(self, slave_addr: int, start_addr: int, count: int) -> list:
+        """
+        读取保持寄存器
+        
+        Args:
+            slave_addr: 从站地址
+            start_addr: 起始地址
+            count: 寄存器数量
+            
+        Returns:
+            寄存器值列表
+        """
+        data = struct.pack('>BHH', ModbusFunction.READ_HOLDING_REGISTERS.value, start_addr, count)
+        response = self._send_command(slave_addr, data)
+        
+        if len(response) < 5:
+            raise ModbusException("响应长度不足")
+        
+        if response[1] != ModbusFunction.READ_HOLDING_REGISTERS.value:
+            raise ModbusException(f"功能码错误: {response[1]:02X}")
+        
+        byte_count = response[2]
+        values = []
+        for i in range(0, byte_count, 2):
+            value = struct.unpack('>H', response[3+i:5+i])[0]
+            values.append(value)
+        
+        return values
+    
+    def write_single_register(self, slave_addr: int, addr: int, value: int) -> bool:
+        """
+        写入单个寄存器
+        
+        Args:
+            slave_addr: 从站地址
+            addr: 寄存器地址
+            value: 寄存器值
+            
+        Returns:
+            写入是否成功
+        """
+        data = struct.pack('>BHH', ModbusFunction.WRITE_SINGLE_REGISTER.value, addr, value)
+        response = self._send_command(slave_addr, data)
+        
+        return len(response) >= 8 and response[1] == ModbusFunction.WRITE_SINGLE_REGISTER.value
+    
+    def write_multiple_registers(self, slave_addr: int, start_addr: int, values: list) -> bool:
+        """
+        写入多个寄存器
+        
+        Args:
+            slave_addr: 从站地址
+            start_addr: 起始地址
+            values: 寄存器值列表
+            
+        Returns:
+            写入是否成功
+        """
+        byte_count = len(values) * 2
+        data = struct.pack('>BHHB', ModbusFunction.WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS.value, 
+                          start_addr, len(values), byte_count)
+        
+        for value in values:
+            data += struct.pack('>H', value)
+        
+        response = self._send_command(slave_addr, data)
+        
+        return len(response) >= 8 and response[1] == ModbusFunction.WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS.value
+
+
+class XYZStepperController(StepperMotorDriver):
+    """XYZ三轴步进电机控制器"""
+    
+    # 电机配置常量
+    STEPS_PER_REVOLUTION = 16384  # 每圈步数
+    
+    def __init__(self, port: str, baudrate: int = 115200, timeout: float = 1.0):
+        """
+        初始化XYZ三轴步进电机控制器
+        
+        Args:
+            port: 串口端口名
+            baudrate: 波特率
+            timeout: 通信超时时间
+        """
+        super().__init__(port, baudrate, timeout)
+        self.axis_addresses = {
+            MotorAxis.X: 1,
+            MotorAxis.Y: 2,
+            MotorAxis.Z: 3
+        }
+    
+    def degrees_to_steps(self, degrees: float) -> int:
+        """
+        将角度转换为步数
+        
+        Args:
+            degrees: 角度值
+            
+        Returns:
+            对应的步数
+        """
+        return int(degrees * self.STEPS_PER_REVOLUTION / 360.0)
+    
+    def steps_to_degrees(self, steps: int) -> float:
+        """
+        将步数转换为角度
+        
+        Args:
+            steps: 步数
+            
+        Returns:
+            对应的角度值
+        """
+        return steps * 360.0 / self.STEPS_PER_REVOLUTION
+    
+    def revolutions_to_steps(self, revolutions: float) -> int:
+        """
+        将圈数转换为步数
+        
+        Args:
+            revolutions: 圈数
+            
+        Returns:
+            对应的步数
+        """
+        return int(revolutions * self.STEPS_PER_REVOLUTION)
+    
+    def steps_to_revolutions(self, steps: int) -> float:
+        """
+        将步数转换为圈数
+        
+        Args:
+            steps: 步数
+            
+        Returns:
+            对应的圈数
+        """
+        return steps / self.STEPS_PER_REVOLUTION
+    
+    def get_motor_status(self, axis: MotorAxis) -> MotorPosition:
+        """
+        获取电机状态信息
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            
+        Returns:
+            电机位置信息
+        """
+        addr = self.axis_addresses[axis]
+        
+        # 读取状态、位置、速度、电流
+        values = self.read_registers(addr, self.REG_STATUS, 6)
+        
+        status = MotorStatus(values[0])
+        position_high = values[1]
+        position_low = values[2]
+        speed = values[3]
+        current = values[5]
+        
+        # 合并32位位置
+        position = (position_high << 16) | position_low
+        # 处理有符号数
+        if position > 0x7FFFFFFF:
+            position -= 0x100000000
+        
+        return MotorPosition(position, speed, current, status)
+    
+    def emergency_stop(self, axis: MotorAxis) -> bool:
+        """
+        紧急停止电机
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            
+        Returns:
+            操作是否成功
+        """
+        addr = self.axis_addresses[axis]
+        return self.write_single_register(addr, self.REG_EMERGENCY_STOP, 0x0000)
+    
+    def enable_motor(self, axis: MotorAxis, enable: bool = True) -> bool:
+        """
+        使能/失能电机
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            enable: True为使能，False为失能
+            
+        Returns:
+            操作是否成功
+        """
+        addr = self.axis_addresses[axis]
+        value = 0x0001 if enable else 0x0000
+        return self.write_single_register(addr, self.REG_ENABLE, value)
+    
+    def move_to_position(self, axis: MotorAxis, position: int, speed: int = 5000, 
+                        acceleration: int = 1000, precision: int = 100) -> bool:
+        """
+        移动到指定位置
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            position: 目标位置(步数)
+            speed: 运行速度(rpm)
+            acceleration: 加速度(rpm/s)
+            precision: 到位精度
+            
+        Returns:
+            操作是否成功
+        """
+        addr = self.axis_addresses[axis]
+        
+        # 处理32位位置
+        if position < 0:
+            position += 0x100000000
+        
+        position_high = (position >> 16) & 0xFFFF
+        position_low = position & 0xFFFF
+        
+        values = [
+            position_high,     # 目标位置高位
+            position_low,      # 目标位置低位
+            0x0000,           # 保留
+            speed,            # 速度
+            acceleration,     # 加速度
+            precision         # 精度
+        ]
+        
+        return self.write_multiple_registers(addr, self.REG_TARGET_POSITION_HIGH, values)
+    
+    def set_speed_mode(self, axis: MotorAxis, speed: int, acceleration: int = 1000) -> bool:
+        """
+        设置速度模式运行
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            speed: 运行速度(rpm)，正值正转，负值反转
+            acceleration: 加速度(rpm/s)
+            
+        Returns:
+            操作是否成功
+        """
+        addr = self.axis_addresses[axis]
+        
+        # 处理负数
+        if speed < 0:
+            speed = 0x10000 + speed  # 补码表示
+        
+        values = [0x0000, speed, acceleration, 0x0000]
+        
+        return self.write_multiple_registers(addr, 0x60, values)
+    
+    def home_axis(self, axis: MotorAxis) -> bool:
+        """
+        轴归零操作
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            
+        Returns:
+            操作是否成功
+        """
+        addr = self.axis_addresses[axis]
+        return self.write_single_register(addr, self.REG_ZERO_SINGLE, 0x0001)
+    
+    def wait_for_completion(self, axis: MotorAxis, timeout: float = 30.0) -> bool:
+        """
+        等待电机运动完成
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            timeout: 超时时间(秒)
+            
+        Returns:
+            是否在超时前完成
+        """
+        start_time = time.time()
+        
+        while time.time() - start_time < timeout:
+            status = self.get_motor_status(axis)
+            if status.status == MotorStatus.STANDBY:
+                return True
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+        
+        logger.warning(f"{axis.name}轴运动超时")
+        return False
+    
+    def move_xyz(self, x: Optional[int] = None, y: Optional[int] = None, z: Optional[int] = None,
+                speed: int = 5000, acceleration: int = 1000) -> Dict[MotorAxis, bool]:
+        """
+        同时控制XYZ轴移动
+        
+        Args:
+            x: X轴目标位置
+            y: Y轴目标位置
+            z: Z轴目标位置
+            speed: 运行速度
+            acceleration: 加速度
+            
+        Returns:
+            各轴操作结果字典
+        """
+        results = {}
+        
+        if x is not None:
+            results[MotorAxis.X] = self.move_to_position(MotorAxis.X, x, speed, acceleration)
+        
+        if y is not None:
+            results[MotorAxis.Y] = self.move_to_position(MotorAxis.Y, y, speed, acceleration)
+        
+        if z is not None:
+            results[MotorAxis.Z] = self.move_to_position(MotorAxis.Z, z, speed, acceleration)
+        
+        return results
+    
+    def move_xyz_degrees(self, x_deg: Optional[float] = None, y_deg: Optional[float] = None, 
+                        z_deg: Optional[float] = None, speed: int = 5000, 
+                        acceleration: int = 1000) -> Dict[MotorAxis, bool]:
+        """
+        使用角度值同时移动多个轴到指定位置
+        
+        Args:
+            x_deg: X轴目标角度（度）
+            y_deg: Y轴目标角度（度）
+            z_deg: Z轴目标角度（度）
+            speed: 移动速度
+            acceleration: 加速度
+            
+        Returns:
+            各轴移动操作结果
+        """
+        # 将角度转换为步数
+        x_steps = self.degrees_to_steps(x_deg) if x_deg is not None else None
+        y_steps = self.degrees_to_steps(y_deg) if y_deg is not None else None
+        z_steps = self.degrees_to_steps(z_deg) if z_deg is not None else None
+        
+        return self.move_xyz(x_steps, y_steps, z_steps, speed, acceleration)
+    
+    def move_xyz_revolutions(self, x_rev: Optional[float] = None, y_rev: Optional[float] = None, 
+                           z_rev: Optional[float] = None, speed: int = 5000, 
+                           acceleration: int = 1000) -> Dict[MotorAxis, bool]:
+        """
+        使用圈数值同时移动多个轴到指定位置
+        
+        Args:
+            x_rev: X轴目标圈数
+            y_rev: Y轴目标圈数
+            z_rev: Z轴目标圈数
+            speed: 移动速度
+            acceleration: 加速度
+            
+        Returns:
+            各轴移动操作结果
+        """
+        # 将圈数转换为步数
+        x_steps = self.revolutions_to_steps(x_rev) if x_rev is not None else None
+        y_steps = self.revolutions_to_steps(y_rev) if y_rev is not None else None
+        z_steps = self.revolutions_to_steps(z_rev) if z_rev is not None else None
+        
+        return self.move_xyz(x_steps, y_steps, z_steps, speed, acceleration)
+    
+    def move_to_position_degrees(self, axis: MotorAxis, degrees: float, speed: int = 5000, 
+                               acceleration: int = 1000, precision: int = 100) -> bool:
+        """
+        使用角度值移动单个轴到指定位置
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            degrees: 目标角度（度）
+            speed: 移动速度
+            acceleration: 加速度
+            precision: 精度
+            
+        Returns:
+            移动操作是否成功
+        """
+        steps = self.degrees_to_steps(degrees)
+        return self.move_to_position(axis, steps, speed, acceleration, precision)
+    
+    def move_to_position_revolutions(self, axis: MotorAxis, revolutions: float, speed: int = 5000, 
+                                   acceleration: int = 1000, precision: int = 100) -> bool:
+        """
+        使用圈数值移动单个轴到指定位置
+        
+        Args:
+            axis: 电机轴
+            revolutions: 目标圈数
+            speed: 移动速度
+            acceleration: 加速度
+            precision: 精度
+            
+        Returns:
+            移动操作是否成功
+        """
+        steps = self.revolutions_to_steps(revolutions)
+        return self.move_to_position(axis, steps, speed, acceleration, precision)
+    
+    def stop_all_axes(self) -> Dict[MotorAxis, bool]:
+        """
+        紧急停止所有轴
+        
+        Returns:
+            各轴停止结果字典
+        """
+        results = {}
+        for axis in MotorAxis:
+            results[axis] = self.emergency_stop(axis)
+        return results
+    
+    def enable_all_axes(self, enable: bool = True) -> Dict[MotorAxis, bool]:
+        """
+        使能/失能所有轴
+        
+        Args:
+            enable: True为使能，False为失能
+            
+        Returns:
+            各轴操作结果字典
+        """
+        results = {}
+        for axis in MotorAxis:
+            results[axis] = self.enable_motor(axis, enable)
+        return results
+    
+    def get_all_positions(self) -> Dict[MotorAxis, MotorPosition]:
+        """
+        获取所有轴的位置信息
+        
+        Returns:
+            各轴位置信息字典
+        """
+        positions = {}
+        for axis in MotorAxis:
+            positions[axis] = self.get_motor_status(axis)
+        return positions
+    
+    def home_all_axes(self) -> Dict[MotorAxis, bool]:
+        """
+        所有轴归零
+        
+        Returns:
+            各轴归零结果字典
+        """
+        results = {}
+        for axis in MotorAxis:
+            results[axis] = self.home_axis(axis)
+        return results

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/tests/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+LaiYu液体处理设备测试模块
+
+该模块包含LaiYu液体处理设备的测试用例：
+- test_deck_config.py: 工作台配置测试
+
+作者: UniLab团队
+版本: 2.0.0
+"""
+
+__all__ = []

unilabos/devices/laiyu_liquid/tests/test_deck_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+测试脚本：验证更新后的deck配置是否正常工作
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import json
+
+# 添加项目根目录到Python路径
+project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+sys.path.insert(0, project_root)
+
+def test_config_loading():
+    """测试配置文件加载功能"""
+    print("=" * 50)
+    print("测试配置文件加载功能")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    try:
+        # 直接测试配置文件加载
+        config_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "controllers", "deckconfig.json")
+        fallback_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "config", "deck.json")
+        
+        config = None
+        config_source = ""
+        
+        if os.path.exists(config_path):
+            with open(config_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                config = json.load(f)
+            config_source = "config/deckconfig.json"
+        elif os.path.exists(fallback_path):
+            with open(fallback_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                config = json.load(f)
+            config_source = "config/deck.json"
+        else:
+            print("❌ 配置文件不存在")
+            return False
+        
+        print(f"✅ 配置文件加载成功: {config_source}")
+        print(f"   - 甲板尺寸: {config.get('size_x', 'N/A')} x {config.get('size_y', 'N/A')} x {config.get('size_z', 'N/A')}")
+        print(f"   - 子模块数量: {len(config.get('children', []))}")
+        
+        # 检查各个模块是否存在
+        modules = config.get('children', [])
+        module_types = [module.get('type') for module in modules]
+        module_names = [module.get('name') for module in modules]
+        
+        print(f"   - 模块类型: {', '.join(set(filter(None, module_types)))}")
+        print(f"   - 模块名称: {', '.join(filter(None, module_names))}")
+        
+        return config
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ 配置文件加载失败: {e}")
+        return None
+
+def test_module_coordinates(config):
+    """测试各模块的坐标信息"""
+    print("\n" + "=" * 50)
+    print("测试模块坐标信息")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    if not config:
+        print("❌ 配置为空，无法测试")
+        return False
+    
+    modules = config.get('children', [])
+    
+    for module in modules:
+        module_name = module.get('name', '未知模块')
+        module_type = module.get('type', '未知类型')
+        position = module.get('position', {})
+        size = module.get('size', {})
+        
+        print(f"\n模块: {module_name} ({module_type})")
+        print(f"   - 位置: ({position.get('x', 0)}, {position.get('y', 0)}, {position.get('z', 0)})")
+        print(f"   - 尺寸: {size.get('x', 0)} x {size.get('y', 0)} x {size.get('z', 0)}")
+        
+        # 检查孔位信息
+        wells = module.get('wells', [])
+        if wells:
+            print(f"   - 孔位数量: {len(wells)}")
+            
+            # 显示前几个和后几个孔位的坐标
+            sample_wells = wells[:3] + wells[-3:] if len(wells) > 6 else wells
+            for well in sample_wells:
+                well_id = well.get('id', '未知')
+                well_pos = well.get('position', {})
+                print(f"     {well_id}: ({well_pos.get('x', 0)}, {well_pos.get('y', 0)}, {well_pos.get('z', 0)})")
+        else:
+            print(f"   - 无孔位信息")
+    
+    return True
+
+def test_coordinate_ranges(config):
+    """测试坐标范围的合理性"""
+    print("\n" + "=" * 50)
+    print("测试坐标范围合理性")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    if not config:
+        print("❌ 配置为空，无法测试")
+        return False
+    
+    deck_size = {
+        'x': config.get('size_x', 340),
+        'y': config.get('size_y', 250),
+        'z': config.get('size_z', 160)
+    }
+    
+    print(f"甲板尺寸: {deck_size['x']} x {deck_size['y']} x {deck_size['z']}")
+    
+    modules = config.get('children', [])
+    all_coordinates = []
+    
+    for module in modules:
+        module_name = module.get('name', '未知模块')
+        wells = module.get('wells', [])
+        
+        for well in wells:
+            well_pos = well.get('position', {})
+            x, y, z = well_pos.get('x', 0), well_pos.get('y', 0), well_pos.get('z', 0)
+            all_coordinates.append((x, y, z, f"{module_name}:{well.get('id', '未知')}"))
+    
+    if not all_coordinates:
+        print("❌ 没有找到任何坐标信息")
+        return False
+    
+    # 计算坐标范围
+    x_coords = [coord[0] for coord in all_coordinates]
+    y_coords = [coord[1] for coord in all_coordinates]
+    z_coords = [coord[2] for coord in all_coordinates]
+    
+    x_range = (min(x_coords), max(x_coords))
+    y_range = (min(y_coords), max(y_coords))
+    z_range = (min(z_coords), max(z_coords))
+    
+    print(f"X坐标范围: {x_range[0]:.2f} ~ {x_range[1]:.2f}")
+    print(f"Y坐标范围: {y_range[0]:.2f} ~ {y_range[1]:.2f}")
+    print(f"Z坐标范围: {z_range[0]:.2f} ~ {z_range[1]:.2f}")
+    
+    # 检查是否超出甲板范围
+    issues = []
+    if x_range[1] > deck_size['x']:
+        issues.append(f"X坐标超出甲板范围: {x_range[1]} > {deck_size['x']}")
+    if y_range[1] > deck_size['y']:
+        issues.append(f"Y坐标超出甲板范围: {y_range[1]} > {deck_size['y']}")
+    if z_range[1] > deck_size['z']:
+        issues.append(f"Z坐标超出甲板范围: {z_range[1]} > {deck_size['z']}")
+    
+    if x_range[0] < 0:
+        issues.append(f"X坐标为负值: {x_range[0]}")
+    if y_range[0] < 0:
+        issues.append(f"Y坐标为负值: {y_range[0]}")
+    if z_range[0] < 0:
+        issues.append(f"Z坐标为负值: {z_range[0]}")
+    
+    if issues:
+        print("⚠️  发现坐标问题:")
+        for issue in issues:
+            print(f"   - {issue}")
+        return False
+    else:
+        print("✅ 所有坐标都在合理范围内")
+        return True
+
+def test_well_spacing(config):
+    """测试孔位间距的一致性"""
+    print("\n" + "=" * 50)
+    print("测试孔位间距一致性")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    if not config:
+        print("❌ 配置为空，无法测试")
+        return False
+    
+    modules = config.get('children', [])
+    
+    for module in modules:
+        module_name = module.get('name', '未知模块')
+        module_type = module.get('type', '未知类型')
+        wells = module.get('wells', [])
+        
+        if len(wells) < 2:
+            continue
+        
+        print(f"\n模块: {module_name} ({module_type})")
+        
+        # 计算相邻孔位的间距
+        spacings_x = []
+        spacings_y = []
+        
+        # 按行列排序孔位
+        wells_by_row = {}
+        for well in wells:
+            well_id = well.get('id', '')
+            if len(well_id) >= 3:  # 如A01格式
+                row = well_id[0]
+                col = int(well_id[1:])
+                if row not in wells_by_row:
+                    wells_by_row[row] = {}
+                wells_by_row[row][col] = well
+        
+        # 计算同行相邻孔位的X间距
+        for row, cols in wells_by_row.items():
+            sorted_cols = sorted(cols.keys())
+            for i in range(len(sorted_cols) - 1):
+                col1, col2 = sorted_cols[i], sorted_cols[i + 1]
+                if col2 == col1 + 1:  # 相邻列
+                    pos1 = cols[col1].get('position', {})
+                    pos2 = cols[col2].get('position', {})
+                    spacing = abs(pos2.get('x', 0) - pos1.get('x', 0))
+                    spacings_x.append(spacing)
+        
+        # 计算同列相邻孔位的Y间距
+        cols_by_row = {}
+        for well in wells:
+            well_id = well.get('id', '')
+            if len(well_id) >= 3:
+                row = ord(well_id[0]) - ord('A')
+                col = int(well_id[1:])
+                if col not in cols_by_row:
+                    cols_by_row[col] = {}
+                cols_by_row[col][row] = well
+        
+        for col, rows in cols_by_row.items():
+            sorted_rows = sorted(rows.keys())
+            for i in range(len(sorted_rows) - 1):
+                row1, row2 = sorted_rows[i], sorted_rows[i + 1]
+                if row2 == row1 + 1:  # 相邻行
+                    pos1 = rows[row1].get('position', {})
+                    pos2 = rows[row2].get('position', {})
+                    spacing = abs(pos2.get('y', 0) - pos1.get('y', 0))
+                    spacings_y.append(spacing)
+        
+        # 检查间距一致性
+        if spacings_x:
+            avg_x = sum(spacings_x) / len(spacings_x)
+            max_diff_x = max(abs(s - avg_x) for s in spacings_x)
+            print(f"   - X方向平均间距: {avg_x:.2f}mm, 最大偏差: {max_diff_x:.2f}mm")
+            
+        if spacings_y:
+            avg_y = sum(spacings_y) / len(spacings_y)
+            max_diff_y = max(abs(s - avg_y) for s in spacings_y)
+            print(f"   - Y方向平均间距: {avg_y:.2f}mm, 最大偏差: {max_diff_y:.2f}mm")
+    
+    return True
+
+def main():
+    """主测试函数"""
+    print("LaiYu液体处理设备配置测试")
+    print("测试时间:", os.popen('date').read().strip())
+    
+    # 运行所有测试
+    tests = [
+        ("配置文件加载", test_config_loading),
+    ]
+    
+    config = None
+    results = []
+    
+    for test_name, test_func in tests:
+        try:
+            if test_name == "配置文件加载":
+                result = test_func()
+                config = result if result else None
+                results.append((test_name, bool(result)))
+            else:
+                result = test_func(config)
+                results.append((test_name, result))
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 测试 {test_name} 执行失败: {e}")
+            results.append((test_name, False))
+    
+    # 如果配置加载成功，运行其他测试
+    if config:
+        additional_tests = [
+            ("模块坐标信息", test_module_coordinates),
+            ("坐标范围合理性", test_coordinate_ranges),
+            ("孔位间距一致性", test_well_spacing)
+        ]
+        
+        for test_name, test_func in additional_tests:
+            try:
+                result = test_func(config)
+                results.append((test_name, result))
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 测试 {test_name} 执行失败: {e}")
+                results.append((test_name, False))
+    
+    # 输出测试总结
+    print("\n" + "=" * 50)
+    print("测试总结")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    passed = sum(1 for _, result in results if result)
+    total = len(results)
+    
+    for test_name, result in results:
+        status = "✅ 通过" if result else "❌ 失败"
+        print(f"   {test_name}: {status}")
+    
+    print(f"\n总计: {passed}/{total} 个测试通过")
+    
+    if passed == total:
+        print("🎉 所有测试通过！配置更新成功。")
+        return True
+    else:
+        print("⚠️  部分测试失败，需要进一步检查。")
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    success = main()
+    sys.exit(0 if success else 1)

unilabos/devices/liquid_handling/rviz_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+      
+import json
+from typing import List, Optional, Union
+
+from pylabrobot.liquid_handling.backends.backend import (
+  LiquidHandlerBackend,
+)
+from pylabrobot.liquid_handling.standard import (
+  Drop,
+  DropTipRack,
+  MultiHeadAspirationContainer,
+  MultiHeadAspirationPlate,
+  MultiHeadDispenseContainer,
+  MultiHeadDispensePlate,
+  Pickup,
+  PickupTipRack,
+  ResourceDrop,
+  ResourceMove,
+  ResourcePickup,
+  SingleChannelAspiration,
+  SingleChannelDispense,
+)
+from pylabrobot.resources import Resource, Tip
+
+import rclpy
+from rclpy.node import Node
+from sensor_msgs.msg import JointState
+import time
+from rclpy.action import ActionClient
+from unilabos_msgs.action import SendCmd
+import re
+
+from unilabos.devices.ros_dev.liquid_handler_joint_publisher import JointStatePublisher
+
+
+class UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend(LiquidHandlerBackend):
+  """Chatter box backend for device-free testing. Prints out all operations."""
+
+  _pip_length = 5
+  _vol_length = 8
+  _resource_length = 20
+  _offset_length = 16
+  _flow_rate_length = 10
+  _blowout_length = 10
+  _lld_z_length = 10
+  _kwargs_length = 15
+  _tip_type_length = 12
+  _max_volume_length = 16
+  _fitting_depth_length = 20
+  _tip_length_length = 16
+  # _pickup_method_length = 20
+  _filter_length = 10
+
+  def __init__(self, num_channels: int = 8 , tip_length: float = 0 , total_height: float = 310):
+    """Initialize a chatter box backend."""
+    super().__init__()
+    self._num_channels = num_channels
+    self.tip_length = tip_length
+    self.total_height = total_height
+# rclpy.init()
+    if not rclpy.ok():
+        rclpy.init()
+    self.joint_state_publisher = None
+
+  async def setup(self):
+    self.joint_state_publisher = JointStatePublisher()
+    await super().setup()
+
+    print("Setting up the liquid handler.")
+
+  async def stop(self):
+    print("Stopping the liquid handler.")
+
+  def serialize(self) -> dict:
+    return {**super().serialize(), "num_channels": self.num_channels}
+
+  @property
+  def num_channels(self) -> int:
+    return self._num_channels
+
+  async def assigned_resource_callback(self, resource: Resource):
+    print(f"Resource {resource.name} was assigned to the liquid handler.")
+
+  async def unassigned_resource_callback(self, name: str):
+    print(f"Resource {name} was unassigned from the liquid handler.")
+
+  async def pick_up_tips(self, ops: List[Pickup], use_channels: List[int], **backend_kwargs):
+    print("Picking up tips:")
+    # print(ops.tip)
+    header = (
+      f"{'pip#':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._pip_length}} "
+      f"{'resource':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+      f"{'offset':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+      f"{'tip type':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_type_length}} "
+      f"{'max volume (µL)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._max_volume_length}} "
+      f"{'fitting depth (mm)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._fitting_depth_length}} "
+      f"{'tip length (mm)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_length_length}} "
+      # f"{'pickup method':<{ChatterboxBackend._pickup_method_length}} "
+      f"{'filter':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._filter_length}}"
+    )
+    # print(header)
+
+    for op, channel in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(op.offset.x, 1)},{round(op.offset.y, 1)},{round(op.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{channel}: "
+        f"{op.resource.name[-30:]:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.__class__.__name__:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_type_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.maximal_volume:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._max_volume_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.fitting_depth:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._fitting_depth_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.total_tip_length:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_length_length}} "
+        # f"{str(op.tip.pickup_method)[-20:]:<{ChatterboxBackend._pickup_method_length}} "
+        f"{'Yes' if op.tip.has_filter else 'No':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._filter_length}}"
+      )
+      # print(row)
+      # print(op.resource.get_absolute_location())
+    
+    self.tip_length = ops[0].tip.total_tip_length
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    offset_xyz = ops[0].offset
+    x = coordinate.x + offset_xyz.x
+    y = coordinate.y + offset_xyz.y
+    z = self.total_height - (coordinate.z + self.tip_length) + offset_xyz.z
+    # print("moving")
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "pick",channels=use_channels)
+    #   goback()
+
+
+
+
+  async def drop_tips(self, ops: List[Drop], use_channels: List[int], **backend_kwargs):
+    print("Dropping tips:")
+    header = (
+      f"{'pip#':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._pip_length}} "
+      f"{'resource':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+      f"{'offset':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+      f"{'tip type':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_type_length}} "
+      f"{'max volume (µL)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._max_volume_length}} "
+      f"{'fitting depth (mm)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._fitting_depth_length}} "
+      f"{'tip length (mm)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_length_length}} "
+      # f"{'pickup method':<{ChatterboxBackend._pickup_method_length}} "
+      f"{'filter':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._filter_length}}"
+    )
+    # print(header)
+
+    for op, channel in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(op.offset.x, 1)},{round(op.offset.y, 1)},{round(op.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{channel}: "
+        f"{op.resource.name[-30:]:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.__class__.__name__:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_type_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.maximal_volume:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._max_volume_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.fitting_depth:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._fitting_depth_length}} "
+        f"{op.tip.total_tip_length:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._tip_length_length}} "
+        # f"{str(op.tip.pickup_method)[-20:]:<{ChatterboxBackend._pickup_method_length}} "
+        f"{'Yes' if op.tip.has_filter else 'No':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._filter_length}}"
+      )
+      # print(row)
+
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    offset_xyz = ops[0].offset
+    x = coordinate.x + offset_xyz.x
+    y = coordinate.y + offset_xyz.y
+    z = self.total_height - (coordinate.z + self.tip_length) + offset_xyz.z
+    # print(x, y, z)
+    # print("moving")
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "drop_trash",channels=use_channels)
+    #   goback()
+
+  async def aspirate(
+    self,
+    ops: List[SingleChannelAspiration],
+    use_channels: List[int],
+    **backend_kwargs,
+  ):
+    print("Aspirating:")
+    header = (
+      f"{'pip#':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._pip_length}} "
+      f"{'vol(ul)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._vol_length}} "
+      f"{'resource':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+      f"{'offset':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+      f"{'flow rate':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._flow_rate_length}} "
+      f"{'blowout':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._blowout_length}} "
+      f"{'lld_z':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._lld_z_length}}  "
+      # f"{'liquids':<20}" # TODO: add liquids
+    )
+    for key in backend_kwargs:
+      header += f"{key:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._kwargs_length}} "[-16:]
+    # print(header)
+
+    for o, p in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(o.offset.x, 1)},{round(o.offset.y, 1)},{round(o.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{p}: "
+        f"{o.volume:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._vol_length}} "
+        f"{o.resource.name[-20:]:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.flow_rate):<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._flow_rate_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.blow_out_air_volume):<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._blowout_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.liquid_height):<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._lld_z_length}} "
+        # f"{o.liquids if o.liquids is not None else 'none'}"
+      )
+      for key, value in backend_kwargs.items():
+        if isinstance(value, list) and all(isinstance(v, bool) for v in value):
+          value = "".join("T" if v else "F" for v in value)
+        if isinstance(value, list):
+          value = "".join(map(str, value))
+        row += f" {value:<15}"
+      # print(row)
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    offset_xyz = ops[0].offset
+    x = coordinate.x + offset_xyz.x
+    y = coordinate.y + offset_xyz.y
+    z = self.total_height - (coordinate.z + self.tip_length) + offset_xyz.z
+    # print(x, y, z)
+    # print("moving")
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "",channels=use_channels)
+
+
+  async def dispense(
+    self,
+    ops: List[SingleChannelDispense],
+    use_channels: List[int],
+    **backend_kwargs,
+  ):
+    # print("Dispensing:")
+    header = (
+      f"{'pip#':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._pip_length}} "
+      f"{'vol(ul)':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._vol_length}} "
+      f"{'resource':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+      f"{'offset':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+      f"{'flow rate':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._flow_rate_length}} "
+      f"{'blowout':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._blowout_length}} "
+      f"{'lld_z':<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._lld_z_length}}  "
+      # f"{'liquids':<20}" # TODO: add liquids
+    )
+    for key in backend_kwargs:
+      header += f"{key:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._kwargs_length}} "[-16:]
+    # print(header)
+
+    for o, p in zip(ops, use_channels):
+      offset = f"{round(o.offset.x, 1)},{round(o.offset.y, 1)},{round(o.offset.z, 1)}"
+      row = (
+        f"  p{p}: "
+        f"{o.volume:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._vol_length}} "
+        f"{o.resource.name[-20:]:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._resource_length}} "
+        f"{offset:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._offset_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.flow_rate):<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._flow_rate_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.blow_out_air_volume):<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._blowout_length}} "
+        f"{str(o.liquid_height):<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._lld_z_length}} "
+        # f"{o.liquids if o.liquids is not None else 'none'}"
+      )
+      for key, value in backend_kwargs.items():
+        if isinstance(value, list) and all(isinstance(v, bool) for v in value):
+          value = "".join("T" if v else "F" for v in value)
+        if isinstance(value, list):
+          value = "".join(map(str, value))
+        row += f" {value:<{UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend._kwargs_length}}"
+      # print(row)
+    coordinate = ops[0].resource.get_absolute_location(x="c",y="c")
+    offset_xyz = ops[0].offset
+    x = coordinate.x + offset_xyz.x
+    y = coordinate.y + offset_xyz.y
+    z = self.total_height - (coordinate.z + self.tip_length) + offset_xyz.z
+    # print(x, y, z)
+    # print("moving")
+    self.joint_state_publisher.send_resource_action(ops[0].resource.name, x, y, z, "",channels=use_channels)
+
+  async def pick_up_tips96(self, pickup: PickupTipRack, **backend_kwargs):
+    print(f"Picking up tips from {pickup.resource.name}.")
+
+  async def drop_tips96(self, drop: DropTipRack, **backend_kwargs):
+    print(f"Dropping tips to {drop.resource.name}.")
+
+  async def aspirate96(
+    self, aspiration: Union[MultiHeadAspirationPlate, MultiHeadAspirationContainer]
+  ):
+    if isinstance(aspiration, MultiHeadAspirationPlate):
+      resource = aspiration.wells[0].parent
+    else:
+      resource = aspiration.container
+    print(f"Aspirating {aspiration.volume} from {resource}.")
+
+  async def dispense96(self, dispense: Union[MultiHeadDispensePlate, MultiHeadDispenseContainer]):
+    if isinstance(dispense, MultiHeadDispensePlate):
+      resource = dispense.wells[0].parent
+    else:
+      resource = dispense.container
+    print(f"Dispensing {dispense.volume} to {resource}.")
+
+  async def pick_up_resource(self, pickup: ResourcePickup):
+    print(f"Picking up resource: {pickup}")
+
+  async def move_picked_up_resource(self, move: ResourceMove):
+    print(f"Moving picked up resource: {move}")
+
+  async def drop_resource(self, drop: ResourceDrop):
+    print(f"Dropping resource: {drop}")
+
+  def can_pick_up_tip(self, channel_idx: int, tip: Tip) -> bool:
+    return True
+    

unilabos/registry/resources/common/resource_container.yaml

@@ -72,3 +72,94 @@ tiprack_96_high:
     type: resource
   registry_type: resource
   version: 1.0.0
+
+# 抽象资源类型定义
+tip_rack:
+  category:
+  - tip_rack
+  - labware
+  class:
+    module: unilabos.resources.tip_rack:TipRack
+    type: unilabos
+  description: 枪头架资源，用于存放和管理移液器枪头
+  handles:
+  - data_key: tip_access
+    data_source: handle
+    data_type: mechanical
+    handler_key: access
+    io_type: target
+    label: access
+    side: NORTH
+  - data_key: tip_pickup
+    data_source: handle
+    data_type: mechanical
+    handler_key: pickup
+    io_type: target
+    label: pickup
+    side: SOUTH
+  registry_type: resource
+  version: 1.0.0
+
+plate:
+  category:
+  - plate
+  - labware
+  class:
+    module: unilabos.resources.plate:Plate
+    type: unilabos
+  description: 实验板，用于放置样品和试剂
+  handles:
+  - data_key: plate_access
+    data_source: handle
+    data_type: mechanical
+    handler_key: access
+    io_type: target
+    label: access
+    side: NORTH
+  - data_key: sample_wells
+    data_source: handle
+    data_type: fluid
+    handler_key: wells
+    io_type: target
+    label: wells
+    side: CENTER
+  registry_type: resource
+  version: 1.0.0
+
+maintenance:
+  category:
+  - maintenance
+  - position
+  class:
+    module: unilabos.resources.maintenance:Maintenance
+    type: unilabos
+  description: 维护位置，用于设备维护和校准
+  handles:
+  - data_key: maintenance_access
+    data_source: handle
+    data_type: mechanical
+    handler_key: access
+    io_type: target
+    label: access
+    side: NORTH
+  registry_type: resource
+  version: 1.0.0
+
+disposal:
+  category:
+  - disposal
+  - waste
+  class:
+    module: unilabos.resources.disposal:Disposal
+    type: unilabos
+  description: 废料处理位置，用于处理实验废料
+  handles:
+  - data_key: disposal_access
+    data_source: handle
+    data_type: fluid
+    handler_key: access
+    io_type: target
+    label: access
+    side: NORTH
+  registry_type: resource
+  version: 1.0.0

unilabos/resources/plr_additional_res_reg.py

@@ -7,3 +7,5 @@ def register():
     from unilabos.devices.liquid_handling.prcxi.prcxi import PRCXI9300Container
     # noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences
     from unilabos.devices.workstation.workstation_base import WorkStationContainer
+    
+    from unilabos.devices.liquid_handling.rviz_backend import UniLiquidHandlerRvizBackend