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---
description: Uni-Lab-OS 实验室自动化平台开发规范 - 核心规则
globs: ["**/*.py", "**/*.yaml", "**/*.json"]
---
# Uni-Lab-OS 项目开发规范
## 项目概述
Uni-Lab-OS 是一个实验室自动化操作系统,用于连接和控制各种实验设备,实现实验工作流的自动化和标准化。
## 技术栈
- **Python 3.11** - 核心开发语言
- **ROS 2** - 设备通信中间件 (rclpy)
- **Conda/Mamba** - 包管理 (robostack-staging, conda-forge)
- **FastAPI** - Web API 服务
- **WebSocket** - 实时通信
- **NetworkX** - 拓扑图管理
- **YAML** - 配置和注册表定义
- **PyLabRobot** - 实验室自动化库集成
- **pytest** - 测试框架
- **asyncio** - 异步编程
## 项目结构
```
unilabos/
├── app/ # 应用入口、Web服务、后端
├── compile/ # 协议编译器 (stir, add, filter 等)
├── config/ # 配置管理
├── devices/ # 设备驱动 (真实/虚拟)
├── device_comms/ # 设备通信协议
├── device_mesh/ # 3D网格和可视化
├── registry/ # 设备和资源类型注册表 (YAML)
├── resources/ # 资源定义
├── ros/ # ROS 2 集成
├── utils/ # 工具函数
└── workflow/ # 工作流管理
```
## 代码规范
### Python 风格
1. **类型注解**:所有函数必须使用类型注解
```python
def transfer_liquid(
source: str,
destination: str,
volume: float,
**kwargs
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
```
2. **Docstring**:使用 Google 风格的文档字符串
```python
def initialize(self) -> bool:
"""
初始化设备
Returns:
bool: 初始化是否成功
"""
```
3. **导入顺序**
- 标准库
- 第三方库
- ROS 相关 (rclpy, unilabos_msgs)
- 项目内部模块
### 异步编程
1. 设备操作方法使用 `async def`
2. 使用 `await self._ros_node.sleep()` 而非 `asyncio.sleep()`
3. 长时间运行操作需提供进度反馈
```python
async def stir(self, stir_time: float, stir_speed: float, **kwargs) -> bool:
"""执行搅拌操作"""
start_time = time_module.time()
while True:
elapsed = time_module.time() - start_time
remaining = max(0, stir_time - elapsed)
self.data.update({
"remaining_time": remaining,
"status": f"搅拌中: {stir_speed} RPM"
})
if remaining <= 0:
break
await self._ros_node.sleep(1.0)
return True
```
### 日志规范
使用项目自定义日志系统:
```python
from unilabos.utils.log import logger, info, debug, warning, error, trace
# 在设备类中使用
self.logger = logging.getLogger(f"DeviceName.{self.device_id}")
self.logger.info("设备初始化完成")
```
## 设备驱动开发
### 设备类结构
```python
from unilabos.ros.nodes.base_device_node import BaseROS2DeviceNode
class MyDevice:
"""设备驱动类"""
_ros_node: BaseROS2DeviceNode
def __init__(self, device_id: str = None, config: Dict[str, Any] = None, **kwargs):
self.device_id = device_id or "unknown_device"
self.config = config or {}
self.data = {} # 设备状态数据
def post_init(self, ros_node: BaseROS2DeviceNode):
"""ROS节点注入"""
self._ros_node = ros_node
async def initialize(self) -> bool:
"""初始化设备"""
pass
async def cleanup(self) -> bool:
"""清理设备"""
pass
# 状态属性 - 自动发布为 ROS Topic
@property
def status(self) -> str:
return self.data.get("status", "待机")
```
### 状态属性装饰器
```python
from unilabos.utils.decorator import topic_config
class MyDevice:
@property
@topic_config(period=1.0, qos=10) # 每秒发布一次
def temperature(self) -> float:
return self._temperature
```
### 虚拟设备
虚拟设备放置在 `unilabos/devices/virtual/` 目录下,命名为 `virtual_*.py`
## 注册表配置
### 设备注册表 (YAML)
位置: `unilabos/registry/devices/*.yaml`
```yaml
my_device_type:
category:
- my_category
description: "设备描述"
version: "1.0.0"
class:
module: "unilabos.devices.my_device:MyDevice"
type: python
status_types:
status: String
temperature: Float64
action_value_mappings:
auto-initialize:
type: UniLabJsonCommandAsync
goal: {}
feedback: {}
result: {}
schema: {...}
```
### 资源注册表 (YAML)
位置: `unilabos/registry/resources/**/*.yaml`
```yaml
my_container:
category:
- container
class:
module: "unilabos.resources.my_resource:MyContainer"
type: pylabrobot
version: "1.0.0"
```
## 协议编译器
位置: `unilabos/compile/*_protocol.py`
### 协议生成函数模板
```python
from typing import List, Dict, Any, Union
import networkx as nx
def generate_my_protocol(
G: nx.DiGraph,
vessel: Union[str, dict],
param1: float = 0.0,
**kwargs
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""
生成操作协议序列
Args:
G: 物理拓扑图
vessel: 容器ID或字典
param1: 参数1
Returns:
List[Dict]: 动作序列
"""
# 提取vessel_id
vessel_id = vessel if isinstance(vessel, str) else vessel.get("id", "")
# 查找设备
device_id = find_connected_device(G, vessel_id)
# 生成动作
action_sequence = [{
"device_id": device_id,
"action_name": "my_action",
"action_kwargs": {
"vessel": {"id": vessel_id},
"param1": float(param1)
}
}]
return action_sequence
```
## 测试规范
### 测试文件位置
- 单元测试: `tests/` 目录
- 设备测试: `tests/devices/`
- 资源测试: `tests/resources/`
- ROS消息测试: `tests/ros/msgs/`
### 测试命名
```python
# tests/devices/my_device/test_my_device.py
import pytest
def test_device_initialization():
"""测试设备初始化"""
pass
def test_device_action():
"""测试设备动作"""
pass
```
## 错误处理
```python
from unilabos.utils.exception import UniLabException
try:
result = await device.execute_action()
except ValueError as e:
self.logger.error(f"参数错误: {e}")
self.data["status"] = "错误: 参数无效"
return False
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error(f"执行失败: {e}")
raise
```
## 配置管理
```python
from unilabos.config.config import BasicConfig, HTTPConfig
# 读取配置
port = BasicConfig.port
is_host = BasicConfig.is_host_mode
# 配置文件: local_config.py
```
## 常用工具
### 单例模式
```python
from unilabos.utils.decorator import singleton
@singleton
class MyManager:
pass
```
### 类型检查
```python
from unilabos.utils.type_check import NoAliasDumper
yaml.dump(data, f, Dumper=NoAliasDumper)
```
### 导入管理
```python
from unilabos.utils.import_manager import get_class
device_class = get_class("unilabos.devices.my_device:MyDevice")
```
## Git 提交规范
提交信息格式:
```
<type>(<scope>): <subject>
<body>
```
类型:
- `feat`: 新功能
- `fix`: 修复bug
- `docs`: 文档更新
- `refactor`: 重构
- `test`: 测试相关
- `chore`: 构建/工具相关
示例:
```
feat(devices): 添加虚拟搅拌器设备
- 实现VirtualStirrer类
- 支持定时搅拌和持续搅拌模式
- 添加速度验证逻辑
```