feat: add ZDT_X42 motor and XKC sensor drivers

This commit is contained in:
ZiWei
2026-01-22 15:07:32 +08:00
parent ec7ca6a1fe
commit 50ebcad9d7
6 changed files with 1246 additions and 0 deletions

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
ZDT X42 Closed-Loop Stepper Motor Driver
RS485 Serial Communication via USB-Serial Converter
- Baudrate: 115200
"""
import serial
import time
import threading
import struct
import logging
from typing import Optional, Any
try:
from unilabos.device_comms.universal_driver import UniversalDriver
except ImportError:
class UniversalDriver:
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.logger = logging.getLogger(self.__class__.__name__)
def execute_command_from_outer(self, command: Any): pass
from serial.rs485 import RS485Settings
class ZDTX42Driver(UniversalDriver):
"""
ZDT X42 闭环步进电机驱动器
支持功能:
- 速度模式运行
- 位置模式运行 (相对/绝对)
- 位置读取和清零
- 使能/禁用控制
通信协议:
- 帧格式: [设备ID] [功能码] [数据...] [校验位=0x6B]
- 响应长度根据功能码决定
"""
def __init__(
self,
port: str,
baudrate: int = 115200,
device_id: int = 1,
timeout: float = 0.5,
debug: bool = False
):
"""
初始化 ZDT X42 电机驱动
Args:
port: 串口设备路径
baudrate: 波特率 (默认 115200)
device_id: 设备地址 (1-255)
timeout: 通信超时时间(秒)
debug: 是否启用调试输出
"""
super().__init__()
self.id = device_id
self.debug = debug
self.lock = threading.RLock()
self.status = "idle" # 对应注册表中的 status (str)
self.position = 0 # 对应注册表中的 position (int)
try:
self.ser = serial.Serial(
port=port,
baudrate=baudrate,
timeout=timeout,
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE
)
# 启用 RS485 模式
try:
self.ser.rs485_mode = RS485Settings(
rts_level_for_tx=True,
rts_level_for_rx=False
)
except Exception:
pass # RS485 模式是可选的
self.logger.info(
f"ZDT X42 Motor connected: {port} "
f"(Baud: {baudrate}, ID: {device_id})"
)
# 自动使能电机,确保初始状态可运动
self.enable(True)
# 启动背景轮询线程,确保 position 实时刷新
self._stop_event = threading.Event()
self._polling_thread = threading.Thread(
target=self._update_loop,
name=f"ZDTPolling_{port}",
daemon=True
)
self._polling_thread.start()
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error(f"Failed to open serial port {port}: {e}")
self.ser = None
def _update_loop(self):
"""背景循环读取电机位置"""
while not self._stop_event.is_set():
try:
self.get_position()
except Exception as e:
if self.debug:
self.logger.error(f"Polling error: {e}")
time.sleep(1.0) # 每1秒刷新一次位置数据
def _send(self, func_code: int, payload: list) -> bytes:
"""
发送指令并接收响应
Args:
func_code: 功能码
payload: 数据负载 (list of bytes)
Returns:
响应数据 (bytes)
"""
if not self.ser:
self.logger.error("Serial port not available")
return b""
with self.lock:
# 清空输入缓冲区
self.ser.reset_input_buffer()
# 构建消息: [ID] [功能码] [数据...] [校验位=0x6B]
message = bytes([self.id, func_code] + payload + [0x6B])
# 发送
self.ser.write(message)
# 根据功能码决定响应长度
# 查询类指令返回 10 字节,控制类指令返回 4 字节
read_len = 10 if func_code in [0x31, 0x32, 0x35, 0x24, 0x27] else 4
response = self.ser.read(read_len)
# 调试输出
if self.debug:
sent_hex = message.hex().upper()
recv_hex = response.hex().upper() if response else 'TIMEOUT'
print(f"[ID {self.id}] TX: {sent_hex} → RX: {recv_hex}")
return response
def enable(self, on: bool = True) -> bool:
"""
使能/禁用电机
Args:
on: True=使能(锁轴), False=禁用(松轴)
Returns:
是否成功
"""
state = 1 if on else 0
resp = self._send(0xF3, [0xAB, state, 0])
return len(resp) >= 4
def move_speed(
self,
speed_rpm: int,
direction: str = "CW",
acceleration: int = 10
) -> bool:
"""
速度模式运行
Args:
speed_rpm: 转速 (RPM)
direction: 方向 ("CW"=顺时针, "CCW"=逆时针)
acceleration: 加速度 (0-255)
Returns:
是否成功
"""
dir_val = 0 if direction.upper() in ["CW", "顺时针"] else 1
speed_bytes = struct.pack('>H', int(speed_rpm))
self.status = f"moving@{speed_rpm}rpm"
resp = self._send(0xF6, [dir_val, speed_bytes[0], speed_bytes[1], acceleration, 0])
return len(resp) >= 4
def move_position(
self,
pulses: int,
speed_rpm: int,
direction: str = "CW",
acceleration: int = 10,
absolute: bool = False
) -> bool:
"""
位置模式运行
Args:
pulses: 脉冲数
speed_rpm: 转速 (RPM)
direction: 方向 ("CW"=顺时针, "CCW"=逆时针)
acceleration: 加速度 (0-255)
absolute: True=绝对位置, False=相对位置
Returns:
是否成功
"""
dir_val = 0 if direction.upper() in ["CW", "顺时针"] else 1
speed_bytes = struct.pack('>H', int(speed_rpm))
self.status = f"moving_to_{pulses}"
pulse_bytes = struct.pack('>I', int(pulses))
abs_flag = 1 if absolute else 0
payload = [
dir_val,
speed_bytes[0], speed_bytes[1],
acceleration,
pulse_bytes[0], pulse_bytes[1], pulse_bytes[2], pulse_bytes[3],
abs_flag,
0
]
resp = self._send(0xFD, payload)
return len(resp) >= 4
def stop(self) -> bool:
"""
停止电机
Returns:
是否成功
"""
self.status = "idle"
resp = self._send(0xFE, [0x98, 0])
return len(resp) >= 4
def rotate_quarter(self, speed_rpm: int = 60, direction: str = "CW") -> bool:
"""
电机旋转 1/4 圈 (阻塞式)
假设电机细分为 3200 脉冲/圈1/4 圈 = 800 脉冲
"""
pulses = 800
success = self.move_position(pulses=pulses, speed_rpm=speed_rpm, direction=direction, absolute=False)
if success:
# 计算预估旋转时间并进行阻塞等待 (Time = revolutions / (RPM/60))
# 1/4 rev / (RPM/60) = 15.0 / RPM
estimated_time = 15.0 / max(1, speed_rpm)
time.sleep(estimated_time + 0.5) # 额外给 0.5 秒缓冲
self.status = "idle"
return success
def wait_time(self, duration_s: float) -> bool:
"""
等待指定时间 (秒)
"""
self.logger.info(f"Waiting for {duration_s} seconds...")
time.sleep(duration_s)
return True
def set_zero(self) -> bool:
"""
清零当前位置
Returns:
是否成功
"""
resp = self._send(0x0A, [])
return len(resp) >= 4
def get_position(self) -> Optional[int]:
"""
读取当前位置 (脉冲数)
Returns:
当前位置脉冲数,失败返回 None
"""
resp = self._send(0x32, [])
if len(resp) >= 8:
# 响应格式: [ID] [Func] [符号位] [数值4字节] [校验]
sign = resp[2] # 0=正, 1=负
value = struct.unpack('>I', resp[3:7])[0]
self.position = -value if sign == 1 else value
if self.debug:
print(f"[Position] Raw: {resp.hex().upper()}, Parsed: {self.position}")
return self.position
self.logger.warning("Failed to read position")
return None
def close(self):
"""关闭串口连接并停止线程"""
if hasattr(self, '_stop_event'):
self._stop_event.set()
if self.ser and self.ser.is_open:
self.ser.close()
self.logger.info("Serial port closed")
# ============================================================
# 测试和调试代码
# ============================================================
def test_motor():
"""基础功能测试"""
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
print("="*60)
print("ZDT X42 电机驱动测试")
print("="*60)
driver = ZDTX42Driver(
port="/dev/tty.usbserial-3110",
baudrate=115200,
device_id=2,
debug=True
)
if not driver.ser:
print("❌ 串口打开失败")
return
try:
# 测试 1: 读取位置
print("\n[1] 读取当前位置")
pos = driver.get_position()
print(f"✓ 当前位置: {pos} 脉冲")
# 测试 2: 使能
print("\n[2] 使能电机")
driver.enable(True)
time.sleep(0.3)
print("✓ 电机已锁定")
# 测试 3: 相对位置运动
print("\n[3] 相对位置运动 (1000脉冲)")
driver.move_position(pulses=1000, speed_rpm=60, direction="CW")
time.sleep(2)
pos = driver.get_position()
print(f"✓ 新位置: {pos}")
# 测试 4: 速度运动
print("\n[4] 速度模式 (30RPM, 3秒)")
driver.move_speed(speed_rpm=30, direction="CW")
time.sleep(3)
driver.stop()
pos = driver.get_position()
print(f"✓ 停止后位置: {pos}")
# 测试 5: 禁用
print("\n[5] 禁用电机")
driver.enable(False)
print("✓ 电机已松开")
print("\n" + "="*60)
print("✅ 测试完成")
print("="*60)
except Exception as e:
print(f"\n❌ 测试失败: {e}")
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
finally:
driver.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_motor()