update action

2026-02-05 05:45:10 +00:00 · 2026-01-15 10:05:03 +08:00
55 changed files with 5406 additions and 8356 deletions
--- a/.conda/base/recipe.yaml
+++ b/.conda/base/recipe.yaml
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-# unilabos: Production package (depends on unilabos-env + pip unilabos)
-# For production deployment
-
-package:
-  name: unilabos
-  version: 0.10.17
-
-source:
-  path: ../../unilabos
-  target_directory: unilabos
-
-build:
-  python:
-    entry_points:
-    - unilab = unilabos.app.main:main
-  script:
-  - set PIP_NO_INDEX=
-  - if: win
-    then:
-    - copy %RECIPE_DIR%\..\..\MANIFEST.in %SRC_DIR%
-    - copy %RECIPE_DIR%\..\..\setup.cfg %SRC_DIR%
-    - copy %RECIPE_DIR%\..\..\setup.py %SRC_DIR%
-    - pip install %SRC_DIR%
-  - if: unix
-    then:
-    - cp $RECIPE_DIR/../../MANIFEST.in $SRC_DIR
-    - cp $RECIPE_DIR/../../setup.cfg $SRC_DIR
-    - cp $RECIPE_DIR/../../setup.py $SRC_DIR
-    - pip install $SRC_DIR
-
-requirements:
-  host:
-  - python ==3.11.14
-  - pip
-  - setuptools
-  - zstd
-  - zstandard
-  run:
-  - zstd
-  - zstandard
-  - networkx
-  - typing_extensions
-  - websockets
-  - pint
-  - fastapi
-  - jinja2
-  - requests
-  - uvicorn
-  - opcua # [not osx]
-  - pyserial
-  - pandas
-  - pymodbus
-  - matplotlib
-  - pylibftdi
-  - uni-lab::unilabos-env ==0.10.17
-
-about:
-  repository: https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS
-  license: GPL-3.0-only
-  description: "UniLabOS - Production package with minimal ROS2 dependencies"
--- a/.conda/environment/recipe.yaml
+++ b/.conda/environment/recipe.yaml
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# unilabos-env: conda environment dependencies (ROS2 + conda packages)
-
-package:
-  name: unilabos-env
-  version: 0.10.17
-
-build:
-  noarch: generic
-
-requirements:
-  run:
-  # Python
-  - zstd
-  - zstandard
-  - conda-forge::python ==3.11.14
-  - conda-forge::opencv
-  # ROS2 dependencies (from ci-check.yml)
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-ros-core
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-action-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-std-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-geometry-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-control-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-nav2-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-cv-bridge
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-vision-opencv
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-tf-transformations
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-moveit-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-tf2-ros
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-tf2-ros-py
-  - conda-forge::transforms3d
-  - conda-forge::uv
-
-  # UniLabOS custom messages
-  - uni-lab::ros-humble-unilabos-msgs
-
-about:
-  repository: https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS
-  license: GPL-3.0-only
-  description: "UniLabOS Environment - ROS2 and conda dependencies"
--- a/.conda/full/recipe.yaml
+++ b/.conda/full/recipe.yaml
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-# unilabos-full: Full package with all features
-# Depends on unilabos + complete ROS2 desktop + dev tools
-
-package:
-  name: unilabos-full
-  version: 0.10.17
-
-build:
-  noarch: generic
-
-requirements:
-  run:
-  # Base unilabos package (includes unilabos-env)
-  - uni-lab::unilabos ==0.10.17
-  # Documentation tools
-  - sphinx
-  - sphinx_rtd_theme
-  # Web UI
-  - gradio
-  - flask
-  # Interactive development
-  - ipython
-  - jupyter
-  - jupyros
-  - colcon-common-extensions
-  # ROS2 full desktop (includes rviz2, gazebo, etc.)
-  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-desktop-full
-  # Navigation and motion control
-  - ros-humble-navigation2
-  - ros-humble-ros2-control
-  - ros-humble-robot-state-publisher
-  - ros-humble-joint-state-publisher
-  # MoveIt motion planning
-  - ros-humble-moveit
-  - ros-humble-moveit-servo
-  # Simulation
-  - ros-humble-simulation
-
-about:
-  repository: https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS
-  license: GPL-3.0-only
-  description: "UniLabOS Full - Complete package with ROS2 Desktop, MoveIt, Navigation2, Gazebo, Jupyter"
--- a/.conda/recipe.yaml
+++ b/.conda/recipe.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package:
+  name: unilabos
+  version: 0.10.15
+
+source:
+  path: ../unilabos
+  target_directory: unilabos
+
+build:
+  python:
+    entry_points:
+    - unilab = unilabos.app.main:main
+  script:
+  - set PIP_NO_INDEX=
+  - if: win
+    then:
+    - copy %RECIPE_DIR%\..\MANIFEST.in %SRC_DIR%
+    - copy %RECIPE_DIR%\..\setup.cfg %SRC_DIR%
+    - copy %RECIPE_DIR%\..\setup.py %SRC_DIR%
+    - call %PYTHON% -m pip install %SRC_DIR%
+  - if: unix
+    then:
+    - cp $RECIPE_DIR/../MANIFEST.in $SRC_DIR
+    - cp $RECIPE_DIR/../setup.cfg $SRC_DIR
+    - cp $RECIPE_DIR/../setup.py $SRC_DIR
+    - $PYTHON -m pip install $SRC_DIR
+
+requirements:
+  host:
+  - python ==3.11.11
+  - pip
+  - setuptools
+  - zstd
+  - zstandard
+  run:
+  - conda-forge::python ==3.11.11
+  - compilers
+  - cmake
+  - zstd
+  - zstandard
+  - ninja
+  - if: unix
+    then:
+    - make
+  - sphinx
+  - sphinx_rtd_theme
+  - numpy
+  - scipy
+  - pandas
+  - networkx
+  - matplotlib
+  - pint
+  - pyserial
+  - pyusb
+  - pylibftdi
+  - pymodbus
+  - python-can
+  - pyvisa
+  - opencv
+  - pydantic
+  - fastapi
+  - uvicorn
+  - gradio
+  - flask
+  - websockets
+  - ipython
+  - jupyter
+  - jupyros
+  - colcon-common-extensions
+  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-desktop-full
+  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-control-msgs
+  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-sensor-msgs
+  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-trajectory-msgs
+  - ros-humble-navigation2
+  - ros-humble-ros2-control
+  - ros-humble-robot-state-publisher
+  - ros-humble-joint-state-publisher
+  - ros-humble-rosbridge-server
+  - ros-humble-cv-bridge
+  - ros-humble-tf2
+  - ros-humble-moveit
+  - ros-humble-moveit-servo
+  - ros-humble-simulation
+  - ros-humble-tf-transformations
+  - transforms3d
+  - uni-lab::ros-humble-unilabos-msgs
+
+about:
+  repository: https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS
+  license: GPL-3.0-only
+  description: "Uni-Lab-OS"
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-check.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-check.yml
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-name: CI Check
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main, dev]
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [main, dev]
-
-jobs:
-  registry-check:
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-
-    env:
-      # Fix Unicode encoding issue on Windows runner (cp1252 -> utf-8)
-      PYTHONIOENCODING: utf-8
-      PYTHONUTF8: 1
-
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        shell: cmd
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-
-      - name: Setup Miniforge
-        uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v3
-        with:
-          miniforge-version: latest
-          use-mamba: true
-          channels: robostack-staging,conda-forge,uni-lab
-          channel-priority: flexible
-          activate-environment: check-env
-          auto-update-conda: false
-          show-channel-urls: true
-
-      - name: Install ROS dependencies, uv and unilabos-msgs
-        run: |
-          echo Installing ROS dependencies...
-          mamba install -n check-env conda-forge::uv conda-forge::opencv robostack-staging::ros-humble-ros-core robostack-staging::ros-humble-action-msgs robostack-staging::ros-humble-std-msgs robostack-staging::ros-humble-geometry-msgs robostack-staging::ros-humble-control-msgs robostack-staging::ros-humble-nav2-msgs uni-lab::ros-humble-unilabos-msgs robostack-staging::ros-humble-cv-bridge robostack-staging::ros-humble-vision-opencv robostack-staging::ros-humble-tf-transformations robostack-staging::ros-humble-moveit-msgs robostack-staging::ros-humble-tf2-ros robostack-staging::ros-humble-tf2-ros-py conda-forge::transforms3d -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -c uni-lab -y
-
-      - name: Install pip dependencies and unilabos
-        run: |
-          call conda activate check-env
-          echo Installing pip dependencies...
-          uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-          uv pip install pywinauto git+https://github.com/Xuwznln/pylabrobot.git
-          uv pip uninstall enum34 || echo enum34 not installed, skipping
-          uv pip install .
-
-      - name: Run check mode (complete_registry)
-        run: |
-          call conda activate check-env
-          echo Running check mode...
-          python -m unilabos --check_mode --skip_env_check
-
-      - name: Check for uncommitted changes
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          if ! git diff --exit-code; then
-            echo "::error::检测到文件变化！请先在本地运行 'python -m unilabos --complete_registry' 并提交变更"
-            echo "变化的文件:"
-            git diff --name-only
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          echo "检查通过：无文件变化"
--- a/.github/workflows/conda-pack-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/conda-pack-build.yml
@@ -13,11 +13,6 @@ on:
        required: false
        default: 'win-64'
        type: string
-      build_full:
-        description: '是否构建完整版 unilabos-full (默认构建轻量版 unilabos)'
-        required: false
-        default: false
-        type: boolean

 jobs:
  build-conda-pack:
@@ -62,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
            echo "should_build=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
          fi

-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
        with:
          ref: ${{ github.event.inputs.branch }}
@@ -74,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
        with:
          miniforge-version: latest
          use-mamba: true
-          python-version: '3.11.14'
+          python-version: '3.11.11'
          channels: conda-forge,robostack-staging,uni-lab,defaults
          channel-priority: flexible
          activate-environment: unilab
@@ -86,14 +81,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          echo Installing unilabos and dependencies to unilab environment...
          echo Using mamba for faster and more reliable dependency resolution...
-          echo Build full: ${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}
-          if "${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}"=="true" (
-            echo Installing unilabos-full ^(complete package^)...
-            mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos-full conda-pack -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -y
-          ) else (
-            echo Installing unilabos ^(minimal package^)...
-            mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos conda-pack -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -y
-          )
+          mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos conda-pack -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -y

      - name: Install conda-pack, unilabos and dependencies (Unix)
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true' && matrix.platform != 'win-64'
@@ -101,14 +89,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          echo "Installing unilabos and dependencies to unilab environment..."
          echo "Using mamba for faster and more reliable dependency resolution..."
-          echo "Build full: ${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}"
-          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            echo "Installing unilabos-full (complete package)..."
-            mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos-full conda-pack -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -y
-          else
-            echo "Installing unilabos (minimal package)..."
-            mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos conda-pack -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -y
-          fi
+          mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos conda-pack -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge -y

      - name: Get latest ros-humble-unilabos-msgs version (Windows)
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true' && matrix.platform == 'win-64'
@@ -312,7 +293,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload distribution package
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: unilab-pack-${{ matrix.platform }}-${{ github.event.inputs.branch }}
          path: dist-package/
@@ -327,12 +308,7 @@ jobs:
          echo ==========================================
          echo Platform: ${{ matrix.platform }}
          echo Branch: ${{ github.event.inputs.branch }}
-          echo Python version: 3.11.14
-          if "${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}"=="true" (
-            echo Package: unilabos-full ^(complete^)
-          ) else (
-            echo Package: unilabos ^(minimal^)
-          )
+          echo Python version: 3.11.11
          echo.
          echo Distribution package contents:
          dir dist-package
@@ -352,12 +328,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "=========================================="
          echo "Platform: ${{ matrix.platform }}"
          echo "Branch: ${{ github.event.inputs.branch }}"
-          echo "Python version: 3.11.14"
-          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            echo "Package: unilabos-full (complete)"
-          else
-            echo "Package: unilabos (minimal)"
-          fi
+          echo "Python version: 3.11.11"
          echo ""
          echo "Distribution package contents:"
          ls -lh dist-package/
--- a/.github/workflows/deploy-docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/deploy-docs.yml
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 name: Deploy Docs

 on:
-  # 在 CI Check 成功后自动触发（仅 main 分支）
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: ["CI Check"]
-    types: [completed]
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  pull_request:
    branches: [main]
-  # 手动触发
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      branch:
@@ -35,19 +33,12 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  # Build documentation
  build:
-    # 只在以下情况运行：
-    # 1. workflow_run 触发且 CI Check 成功
-    # 2. 手动触发
-    if: |
-      github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' ||
-      (github.event_name == 'workflow_run' && github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success')
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
-          # workflow_run 时使用触发工作流的分支，手动触发时使用输入的分支
-          ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_branch || github.event.inputs.branch || github.ref }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.inputs.branch || github.ref }}
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Setup Miniforge (with mamba)
@@ -55,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
        with:
          miniforge-version: latest
          use-mamba: true
-          python-version: '3.11.14'
+          python-version: '3.11.11'
          channels: conda-forge,robostack-staging,uni-lab,defaults
          channel-priority: flexible
          activate-environment: unilab
@@ -84,10 +75,8 @@ jobs:

      - name: Setup Pages
        id: pages
-        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
-        if: |
-          github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'main' ||
-          (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.deploy_to_pages == 'true')
+        uses: actions/configure-pages@v4
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.deploy_to_pages == 'true')

      - name: Build Sphinx documentation
        run: |
@@ -105,18 +94,14 @@ jobs:
          test -f docs/_build/html/index.html && echo "✓ index.html exists" || echo "✗ index.html missing"

      - name: Upload build artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v4
-        if: |
-          github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'main' ||
-          (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.deploy_to_pages == 'true')
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.deploy_to_pages == 'true')
        with:
          path: docs/_build/html

  # Deploy to GitHub Pages
  deploy:
-    if: |
-      github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'main' ||
-      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.deploy_to_pages == 'true')
+    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.deploy_to_pages == 'true')
    environment:
      name: github-pages
      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
--- a/.github/workflows/multi-platform-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/multi-platform-build.yml
@@ -1,16 +1,11 @@
 name: Multi-Platform Conda Build

 on:
-  # 在 CI Check 工作流完成后触发（仅限 main/dev 分支）
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: ["CI Check"]
-    types:
-      - completed
-    branches: [main, dev]
-  # 支持 tag 推送（不依赖 CI Check）
  push:
+    branches: [main, dev]
    tags: ['v*']
-  # 手动触发
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main, dev]
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      platforms:
@@ -22,37 +17,9 @@ on:
        required: false
        default: false
        type: boolean
-      skip_ci_check:
-        description: '跳过等待 CI Check (手动触发时可选)'
-        required: false
-        default: false
-        type: boolean

 jobs:
-  # 等待 CI Check 完成的 job (仅用于 workflow_run 触发)
-  wait-for-ci:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_run'
-    outputs:
-      should_continue: ${{ steps.check.outputs.should_continue }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Check CI status
-        id: check
-        run: |
-          if [[ "${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion }}" == "success" ]]; then
-            echo "should_continue=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            echo "CI Check passed, proceeding with build"
-          else
-            echo "should_continue=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            echo "CI Check did not succeed (status: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion }}), skipping build"
-          fi
-
  build:
-    needs: [wait-for-ci]
-    # 运行条件：workflow_run 触发且 CI 成功，或者其他触发方式
-    if: |
-      always() &&
-      (needs.wait-for-ci.result == 'skipped' || needs.wait-for-ci.outputs.should_continue == 'true')
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
@@ -77,10 +44,8 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash -l {0}

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
-          # 如果是 workflow_run 触发，使用触发 CI Check 的 commit
-          ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha || github.ref }}
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Check if platform should be built
@@ -104,6 +69,7 @@ jobs:
          channels: conda-forge,robostack-staging,defaults
          channel-priority: strict
          activate-environment: build-env
+          auto-activate-base: false
          auto-update-conda: false
          show-channel-urls: true

@@ -149,7 +115,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload conda package artifacts
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: conda-package-${{ matrix.platform }}
          path: conda-packages-temp
--- a/.github/workflows/unilabos-conda-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/unilabos-conda-build.yml
@@ -1,62 +1,25 @@
 name: UniLabOS Conda Build

 on:
-  # 在 CI Check 成功后自动触发
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: ["CI Check"]
-    types: [completed]
-    branches: [main, dev]
-  # 标签推送时直接触发（发布版本）
  push:
+    branches: [main, dev]
    tags: ['v*']
-  # 手动触发
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main, dev]
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      platforms:
        description: '选择构建平台 (逗号分隔): linux-64, osx-64, osx-arm64, win-64'
        required: false
        default: 'linux-64'
-      build_full:
-        description: '是否构建 unilabos-full 完整包 (默认只构建 unilabos 基础包)'
-        required: false
-        default: false
-        type: boolean
      upload_to_anaconda:
        description: '是否上传到Anaconda.org'
        required: false
        default: false
        type: boolean
-      skip_ci_check:
-        description: '跳过等待 CI Check (手动触发时可选)'
-        required: false
-        default: false
-        type: boolean

 jobs:
-  # 等待 CI Check 完成的 job (仅用于 workflow_run 触发)
-  wait-for-ci:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_run'
-    outputs:
-      should_continue: ${{ steps.check.outputs.should_continue }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Check CI status
-        id: check
-        run: |
-          if [[ "${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion }}" == "success" ]]; then
-            echo "should_continue=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            echo "CI Check passed, proceeding with build"
-          else
-            echo "should_continue=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            echo "CI Check did not succeed (status: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion }}), skipping build"
-          fi
-
  build:
-    needs: [wait-for-ci]
-    # 运行条件：workflow_run 触发且 CI 成功，或者其他触发方式
-    if: |
-      always() &&
-      (needs.wait-for-ci.result == 'skipped' || needs.wait-for-ci.outputs.should_continue == 'true')
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
@@ -77,10 +40,8 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash -l {0}

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
-          # 如果是 workflow_run 触发，使用触发 CI Check 的 commit
-          ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha || github.ref }}
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Check if platform should be built
@@ -104,6 +65,7 @@ jobs:
          channels: conda-forge,robostack-staging,uni-lab,defaults
          channel-priority: strict
          activate-environment: build-env
+          auto-activate-base: false
          auto-update-conda: false
          show-channel-urls: true

@@ -119,61 +81,12 @@ jobs:
          conda list | grep -E "(rattler-build|anaconda-client)"
          echo "Platform: ${{ matrix.platform }}"
          echo "OS: ${{ matrix.os }}"
-          echo "Build full package: ${{ github.event.inputs.build_full || 'false' }}"
-          echo "Building packages:"
-          echo "  - unilabos-env (environment dependencies)"
-          echo "  - unilabos (with pip package)"
-          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.build_full }}" == "true" ]]; then
-            echo "  - unilabos-full (complete package)"
-          fi
+          echo "Building UniLabOS package"

-      - name: Build unilabos-env (conda environment only, noarch)
+      - name: Build conda package
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
        run: |
-          echo "Building unilabos-env (conda environment dependencies)..."
-          rattler-build build -r .conda/environment/recipe.yaml -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-
-      - name: Upload unilabos-env to Anaconda.org (if enabled)
-        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true' && github.event.inputs.upload_to_anaconda == 'true'
-        run: |
-          echo "Uploading unilabos-env to uni-lab organization..."
-          for package in $(find ./output -name "unilabos-env*.conda"); do
-            anaconda -t ${{ secrets.ANACONDA_API_TOKEN }} upload --user uni-lab --force "$package"
-          done
-
-      - name: Build unilabos (with pip package)
-        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
-        run: |
-          echo "Building unilabos package..."
-          # 如果已上传到 Anaconda，从 uni-lab channel 获取 unilabos-env；否则从本地 output 获取
-          rattler-build build -r .conda/base/recipe.yaml -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge --channel ./output
-
-      - name: Upload unilabos to Anaconda.org (if enabled)
-        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true' && github.event.inputs.upload_to_anaconda == 'true'
-        run: |
-          echo "Uploading unilabos to uni-lab organization..."
-          for package in $(find ./output -name "unilabos-0*.conda" -o -name "unilabos-[0-9]*.conda"); do
-            anaconda -t ${{ secrets.ANACONDA_API_TOKEN }} upload --user uni-lab --force "$package"
-          done
-
-      - name: Build unilabos-full - Only when explicitly requested
-        if: |
-          steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true' && 
-          github.event.inputs.build_full == 'true'
-        run: |
-          echo "Building unilabos-full package on ${{ matrix.platform }}..."
-          rattler-build build -r .conda/full/recipe.yaml -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge --channel ./output
-
-      - name: Upload unilabos-full to Anaconda.org (if enabled)
-        if: |
-          steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true' && 
-          github.event.inputs.build_full == 'true' &&
-          github.event.inputs.upload_to_anaconda == 'true'
-        run: |
-          echo "Uploading unilabos-full to uni-lab organization..."
-          for package in $(find ./output -name "unilabos-full*.conda"); do
-            anaconda -t ${{ secrets.ANACONDA_API_TOKEN }} upload --user uni-lab --force "$package"
-          done
+          rattler-build build -r .conda/recipe.yaml -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge

      - name: List built packages
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
@@ -195,9 +108,17 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload conda package artifacts
        if: steps.should_build.outputs.should_build == 'true'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: conda-package-unilabos-${{ matrix.platform }}
          path: conda-packages-temp
          if-no-files-found: warn
          retention-days: 30
+
+      - name: Upload to Anaconda.org (uni-lab organization)
+        if: github.event.inputs.upload_to_anaconda == 'true'
+        run: |
+          for package in $(find ./output -name "*.conda"); do
+            echo "Uploading $package to uni-lab organization..."
+            anaconda -t ${{ secrets.ANACONDA_API_TOKEN }} upload --user uni-lab --force "$package"
+          done
--- a/MANIFEST.in
+++ b/MANIFEST.in
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 recursive-include unilabos/test *
-recursive-include unilabos/utils *
 recursive-include unilabos/registry *.yaml
 recursive-include unilabos/app/web/static *
 recursive-include unilabos/app/web/templates *
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -31,46 +31,26 @@ Detailed documentation can be found at:

 ## Quick Start

-### 1. Setup Conda Environment
+1. Setup Conda Environment

-Uni-Lab-OS recommends using `mamba` for environment management. Choose the package that fits your needs:
-
-| Package | Use Case | Contents |
-|---------|----------|----------|
-| `unilabos` | **Recommended for most users** | Complete package, ready to use |
-| `unilabos-env` | Developers (editable install) | Environment only, install unilabos via pip |
-| `unilabos-full` | Simulation/Visualization | unilabos + ROS2 Desktop + Gazebo + MoveIt |
+Uni-Lab-OS recommends using `mamba` for environment management:

 ```bash
 # Create new environment
-mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.14
+mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.11
 mamba activate unilab
-
-# Option A: Standard installation (recommended for most users)
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-
-# Option B: For developers (editable mode development)
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-# Then install unilabos and dependencies:
-git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git && cd Uni-Lab-OS
-pip install -e .
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-
-# Option C: Full installation (simulation/visualization)
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-full -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
+mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
 ```

-**When to use which?**
- **unilabos**: Standard installation for production deployment and general usage (recommended)
- **unilabos-env**: For developers who need `pip install -e .` editable mode, modify source code
- **unilabos-full**: For simulation (Gazebo), visualization (rviz2), and Jupyter notebooks
-
-### 2. Clone Repository (Optional, for developers)
+2. Install Dev Uni-Lab-OS

 ```bash
-# Clone the repository (only needed for development or examples)
+# Clone the repository
 git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git
 cd Uni-Lab-OS
+
+# Install Uni-Lab-OS
+pip install .
 ```

 3. Start Uni-Lab System
--- a/README_zh.md
+++ b/README_zh.md
@@ -31,46 +31,26 @@ Uni-Lab-OS 是一个用于实验室自动化的综合平台，旨在连接和控

 ## 快速开始

-### 1. 配置 Conda 环境
+1. 配置 Conda 环境

-Uni-Lab-OS 建议使用 `mamba` 管理环境。根据您的需求选择合适的安装包：
-
-| 安装包 | 适用场景 | 包含内容 |
-|--------|----------|----------|
-| `unilabos` | **推荐大多数用户** | 完整安装包，开箱即用 |
-| `unilabos-env` | 开发者（可编辑安装） | 仅环境依赖，通过 pip 安装 unilabos |
-| `unilabos-full` | 仿真/可视化 | unilabos + ROS2 桌面版 + Gazebo + MoveIt |
+Uni-Lab-OS 建议使用 `mamba` 管理环境。根据您的操作系统选择适当的环境文件:

 ```bash
 # 创建新环境
-mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.14
+mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.11
 mamba activate unilab
-
-# 方案 A：标准安装（推荐大多数用户）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-
-# 方案 B：开发者环境（可编辑模式开发）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-# 然后安装 unilabos 和依赖：
-git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git && cd Uni-Lab-OS
-pip install -e .
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-
-# 方案 C：完整安装（仿真/可视化）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-full -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
+mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
 ```

-**如何选择？**
- **unilabos**：标准安装，适用于生产部署和日常使用（推荐）
- **unilabos-env**：开发者使用，支持 `pip install -e .` 可编辑模式，可修改源代码
- **unilabos-full**：需要仿真（Gazebo）、可视化（rviz2）或 Jupyter Notebook
-
-### 2. 克隆仓库（可选，供开发者使用）
+2. 安装开发版 Uni-Lab-OS:

 ```bash
-# 克隆仓库（仅开发或查看示例时需要）
+# 克隆仓库
 git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git
 cd Uni-Lab-OS
+
+# 安装 Uni-Lab-OS
+pip install .
 ```

 3. 启动 Uni-Lab 系统
--- a/docs/user_guide/best_practice.md
+++ b/docs/user_guide/best_practice.md
@@ -31,14 +31,6 @@

 详细的安装步骤请参考 [安装指南](installation.md)。

-**选择合适的安装包：**
-
-| 安装包 | 适用场景 | 包含组件 |
-|--------|----------|----------|
-| `unilabos` | **推荐大多数用户**，生产部署 | 完整安装包，开箱即用 |
-| `unilabos-env` | 开发者（可编辑安装） | 仅环境依赖，通过 pip 安装 unilabos |
-| `unilabos-full` | 仿真/可视化 | unilabos + 完整 ROS2 桌面版 + Gazebo + MoveIt |
-
 **关键步骤：**

 ```bash
@@ -46,30 +38,15 @@
 # 下载 Miniforge: https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge/releases

 # 2. 创建 Conda 环境
-mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.14
+mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.11

 # 3. 激活环境
 mamba activate unilab

-# 4. 安装 Uni-Lab-OS（选择其一）
-
-# 方案 A：标准安装（推荐大多数用户）
+# 4. 安装 Uni-Lab-OS
 mamba install uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-
-# 方案 B：开发者环境（可编辑模式开发）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-pip install -e /path/to/Uni-Lab-OS  # 可编辑安装
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt  # 安装 pip 依赖
-
-# 方案 C：完整版（仿真/可视化）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-full -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
 ```

-**选择建议：**
- **日常使用/生产部署**：使用 `unilabos`（推荐），完整功能，开箱即用
- **开发者**：使用 `unilabos-env` + `pip install -e .` + `uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt`，代码修改立即生效
- **仿真/可视化**：使用 `unilabos-full`，含 Gazebo、rviz2、MoveIt
-
 #### 1.2 验证安装

 ```bash
@@ -439,9 +416,6 @@ unilab --ak your_ak --sk your_sk -g test/experiments/mock_devices/mock_all.json
 1. 访问 Web 界面，进入"仪器耗材"模块
 2. 在"仪器设备"区域找到并添加上述设备
 3. 在"物料耗材"区域找到并添加容器
-4. 在workstation中配置protocol_type包含PumpTransferProtocol
-
-![添加Protocol类型](image/add_protocol.png)

 ![物料列表](image/material.png)

@@ -794,43 +768,7 @@ Waiting for host service...

 详细的设备驱动编写指南请参考 [添加设备驱动](../developer_guide/add_device.md)。

-#### 9.1 开发环境准备
-
-**推荐使用 `unilabos-env` + `pip install -e .` + `uv pip install`** 进行设备开发：
-
-```bash
-# 1. 创建环境并安装 unilabos-env（ROS2 + conda 依赖 + uv）
-mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.14
-conda activate unilab
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-
-# 2. 克隆代码
-git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git
-cd Uni-Lab-OS
-
-# 3. 以可编辑模式安装（推荐使用脚本，自动检测中文环境）
-python scripts/dev_install.py
-
-# 或手动安装：
-pip install -e .
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-```
-
-**为什么使用这种方式？**
- `unilabos-env` 提供 ROS2 核心组件和 uv（通过 conda 安装，避免编译）
- `unilabos/utils/requirements.txt` 包含所有运行时需要的 pip 依赖
- `dev_install.py` 自动检测中文环境，中文系统自动使用清华镜像
- 使用 `uv` 替代 `pip`，安装速度更快
- 可编辑模式：代码修改**立即生效**，无需重新安装
-
-**如果安装失败或速度太慢**，可以手动执行（使用清华镜像）：
-
-```bash
-pip install -e . -i https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt -i https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
-```
-
-#### 9.2 为什么需要自定义设备？
+#### 9.1 为什么需要自定义设备？

 Uni-Lab-OS 内置了常见设备，但您的实验室可能有特殊设备需要集成：

@@ -839,7 +777,7 @@ Uni-Lab-OS 内置了常见设备，但您的实验室可能有特殊设备需要
 - 特殊的实验流程
 - 第三方设备集成

-#### 9.3 创建 Python 包
+#### 9.2 创建 Python 包

 为了方便开发和管理，建议为您的实验室创建独立的 Python 包。

@@ -876,7 +814,7 @@ touch my_lab_devices/my_lab_devices/__init__.py
 touch my_lab_devices/my_lab_devices/devices/__init__.py
 ```

-#### 9.4 创建 setup.py
+#### 9.3 创建 setup.py

 ```python
 # my_lab_devices/setup.py
@@ -907,7 +845,7 @@ setup(
 )
 ```

-#### 9.5 开发安装
+#### 9.4 开发安装

 使用 `-e` 参数进行可编辑安装，这样代码修改后立即生效：

@@ -922,7 +860,7 @@ pip install -e . -i https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
 - 方便调试和测试
 - 支持版本控制（git）

-#### 9.6 编写设备驱动
+#### 9.5 编写设备驱动

 创建设备驱动文件：

@@ -1063,7 +1001,7 @@ class MyPump:
 - **返回 Dict**：所有动作方法返回字典类型
 - **文档字符串**：详细说明参数和功能

-#### 9.7 测试设备驱动
+#### 9.6 测试设备驱动

 创建简单的测试脚本：

--- a/docs/user_guide/image/add_protocol.png
+++ b/docs/user_guide/image/add_protocol.png
--- a/docs/user_guide/installation.md
+++ b/docs/user_guide/installation.md
@@ -13,26 +13,15 @@
  - 开发者需要 Git 和基本的 Python 开发知识
  - 自定义 msgs 需要 GitHub 账号

-## 安装包选择
-
-Uni-Lab-OS 提供三个安装包版本，根据您的需求选择：
-
-| 安装包 | 适用场景 | 包含组件 | 磁盘占用 |
-|--------|----------|----------|----------|
-| **unilabos** | **推荐大多数用户**，生产部署 | 完整安装包，开箱即用 | ~2-3 GB |
-| **unilabos-env** | 开发者环境（可编辑安装） | 仅环境依赖，通过 pip 安装 unilabos | ~2 GB |
-| **unilabos-full** | 仿真可视化、完整功能体验 | unilabos + 完整 ROS2 桌面版 + Gazebo + MoveIt | ~8-10 GB |
-
 ## 安装方式选择

 根据您的使用场景，选择合适的安装方式：

-| 安装方式               | 适用人群             | 推荐安装包        | 特点                           | 安装时间                     |
-| ---------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------- | ------------------------------ | ---------------------------- |
-| **方式一：一键安装**   | 快速体验、演示       | 预打包环境        | 离线可用，无需配置             | 5-10 分钟 (网络良好的情况下) |
-| **方式二：手动安装**   | **大多数用户**       | `unilabos`        | 完整功能，开箱即用             | 10-20 分钟                   |
-| **方式三：开发者安装** | 开发者、需要修改源码 | `unilabos-env`    | 可编辑模式，支持自定义开发     | 20-30 分钟                   |
-| **仿真/可视化**        | 仿真测试、可视化调试 | `unilabos-full`   | 含 Gazebo、rviz2、MoveIt       | 30-60 分钟                   |
+| 安装方式               | 适用人群             | 特点                           | 安装时间                     |
+| ---------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------ | ---------------------------- |
+| **方式一：一键安装**   | 实验室用户、快速体验 | 预打包环境，离线可用，无需配置 | 5-10 分钟 (网络良好的情况下) |
+| **方式二：手动安装**   | 标准用户、生产环境   | 灵活配置，版本可控             | 10-20 分钟                   |
+| **方式三：开发者安装** | 开发者、需要修改源码 | 可编辑模式，支持自定义 msgs    | 20-30 分钟                   |

 ---

@@ -155,38 +144,17 @@ bash Miniforge3-$(uname)-$(uname -m).sh
 使用以下命令创建 Uni-Lab 专用环境：

 ```bash
-mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.14  # 目前ros2组件依赖版本大多为3.11.14
+mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.11  # 目前ros2组件依赖版本大多为3.11.11
 mamba activate unilab
-
-# 选择安装包（三选一）：
-
-# 方案 A：标准安装（推荐大多数用户）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-
-# 方案 B：开发者环境（可编辑模式开发）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-# 然后安装 unilabos 和 pip 依赖：
-git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git && cd Uni-Lab-OS
-pip install -e .
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-
-# 方案 C：完整版（含仿真和可视化工具）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-full -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
+mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
 ```

 **参数说明**:

 - `-n unilab`: 创建名为 "unilab" 的环境
- `uni-lab::unilabos`: 安装 unilabos 完整包，开箱即用（推荐）
- `uni-lab::unilabos-env`: 仅安装环境依赖，适合开发者使用 `pip install -e .`
- `uni-lab::unilabos-full`: 安装完整包（含 ROS2 Desktop、Gazebo、MoveIt 等）
+- `uni-lab::unilabos`: 从 uni-lab channel 安装 unilabos 包
 - `-c robostack-staging -c conda-forge`: 添加额外的软件源

-**包选择建议**：
- **日常使用/生产部署**：安装 `unilabos`（推荐，完整功能，开箱即用）
- **开发者**：安装 `unilabos-env`，然后使用 `uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt` 安装依赖，再 `pip install -e .` 进行可编辑安装
- **仿真/可视化**：安装 `unilabos-full`（Gazebo、rviz2、MoveIt）
-
 **如果遇到网络问题**，可以使用清华镜像源加速下载：

 ```bash
@@ -195,14 +163,8 @@ mamba config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/m
 mamba config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
 mamba config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/

-# 然后重新执行安装命令（推荐标准安装）
+# 然后重新执行安装命令
 mamba create -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging
-
-# 或完整版（仿真/可视化）
-mamba create -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos-full -c robostack-staging
-
-# pip 安装时使用清华镜像（开发者安装时使用）
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt -i https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
 ```

 ### 第三步：激活环境
@@ -241,87 +203,58 @@ cd Uni-Lab-OS
   cd Uni-Lab-OS
   ```

-### 第二步：安装开发环境（unilabos-env）
+### 第二步：安装基础环境

-**重要**：开发者请使用 `unilabos-env` 包，它专为开发者设计：
- 包含 ROS2 核心组件和消息包（ros-humble-ros-core、std-msgs、geometry-msgs 等）
- 包含 transforms3d、cv-bridge、tf2 等 conda 依赖
- 包含 `uv` 工具，用于快速安装 pip 依赖
- **不包含** pip 依赖和 unilabos 包（由 `pip install -e .` 和 `uv pip install` 安装）
+**推荐方式**：先通过**方式一（一键安装）**或**方式二（手动安装）**完成基础环境的安装，这将包含所有必需的依赖项（ROS2、msgs 等）。
+
+#### 选项 A：通过一键安装（推荐）
+
+参考上文"方式一：一键安装"，完成基础环境的安装后，激活环境：

 ```bash
-# 创建并激活环境
-mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.14
 conda activate unilab
-
-# 安装开发者环境包（ROS2 + conda 依赖 + uv）
-mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
 ```

-### 第三步：安装 pip 依赖和可编辑模式安装
+#### 选项 B：通过手动安装

-克隆代码并安装依赖：
+参考上文"方式二：手动安装"，创建并安装环境：
+
+```bash
+mamba create -n unilab python=3.11.11
+conda activate unilab
+mamba install -n unilab uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
+```
+
+**说明**：这会安装包括 Python 3.11.11、ROS2 Humble、ros-humble-unilabos-msgs 和所有必需依赖
+
+### 第三步：切换到开发版本
+
+现在你已经有了一个完整可用的 Uni-Lab 环境，接下来将 unilabos 包切换为开发版本：

 ```bash
 # 确保环境已激活
 conda activate unilab

-# 克隆仓库（如果还未克隆）
-git clone https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git
-cd Uni-Lab-OS
+# 卸载 pip 安装的 unilabos（保留所有 conda 依赖）
+pip uninstall unilabos -y

-# 切换到 dev 分支（可选）
+# 克隆 dev 分支（如果还未克隆）
+cd /path/to/your/workspace
+git clone -b dev https://github.com/deepmodeling/Uni-Lab-OS.git
+# 或者如果已经克隆，切换到 dev 分支
+cd Uni-Lab-OS
 git checkout dev
 git pull
-```

-**推荐：使用安装脚本**（自动检测中文环境，使用 uv 加速）：
-
-```bash
-# 自动检测中文环境，如果是中文系统则使用清华镜像
-python scripts/dev_install.py
-
-# 或者手动指定：
-python scripts/dev_install.py --china     # 强制使用清华镜像
-python scripts/dev_install.py --no-mirror # 强制使用 PyPI
-python scripts/dev_install.py --skip-deps # 跳过 pip 依赖安装
-python scripts/dev_install.py --use-pip   # 使用 pip 而非 uv
-```
-
-**手动安装**（如果脚本安装失败或速度太慢）：
-
-```bash
-# 1. 安装 unilabos（可编辑模式）
-pip install -e .
-
-# 2. 使用 uv 安装 pip 依赖（推荐，速度更快）
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-
-# 国内用户使用清华镜像：
+# 以可编辑模式安装开发版 unilabos
 pip install -e . -i https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
-uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt -i https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
 ```

-**注意**：
- `uv` 已包含在 `unilabos-env` 中，无需单独安装
- `unilabos/utils/requirements.txt` 包含运行 unilabos 所需的所有 pip 依赖
- 部分特殊包（如 pylabrobot）会在运行时由 unilabos 自动检测并安装
+**参数说明**：

-**为什么使用可编辑模式？**
-
- `-e` (editable mode)：代码修改**立即生效**，无需重新安装
- 适合开发调试：修改代码后直接运行测试
- 与 `unilabos-env` 配合：环境依赖由 conda 管理，unilabos 代码由 pip 管理
-
-**验证安装**：
-
-```bash
-# 检查 unilabos 版本
-python -c "import unilabos; print(unilabos.__version__)"
-
-# 检查安装位置（应该指向你的代码目录）
-pip show unilabos | grep Location
-```
+- `-e`: editable mode（可编辑模式），代码修改立即生效，无需重新安装
+- `-i`: 使用清华镜像源加速下载
+- `pip uninstall unilabos`: 只卸载 pip 安装的 unilabos 包，不影响 conda 安装的其他依赖（如 ROS2、msgs 等）

 ### 第四步：安装或自定义 ros-humble-unilabos-msgs（可选）

@@ -531,45 +464,7 @@ cd $CONDA_PREFIX/envs/unilab

 ### 问题 8: 环境很大，有办法减小吗？

-**解决方案**: 
-
-1. **使用 `unilabos` 标准版**（推荐大多数用户）：
-   ```bash
-   mamba install uni-lab::unilabos -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-   ```
-   标准版包含完整功能，环境大小约 2-3GB（相比完整版的 8-10GB）。
-
-2. **使用 `unilabos-env` 开发者版**（最小化）：
-   ```bash
-   mamba install uni-lab::unilabos-env -c robostack-staging -c conda-forge
-   # 然后手动安装依赖
-   pip install -e .
-   uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
-   ```
-   开发者版只包含环境依赖，体积最小约 2GB。
-
-3. **按需安装额外组件**：
-   如果后续需要特定功能，可以单独安装：
-   ```bash
-   # 需要 Jupyter
-   mamba install jupyter jupyros
-   
-   # 需要可视化
-   mamba install matplotlib opencv
-   
-   # 需要仿真（注意：这会安装大量依赖）
-   mamba install ros-humble-gazebo-ros
-   ```
-
-4. **预打包环境问题**：
-   预打包环境（方式一）包含所有依赖，通常较大（压缩后 2-5GB）。这是为了确保离线安装和完整功能。
-
-**包选择建议**：
-| 需求 | 推荐包 | 预估大小 |
-|------|--------|----------|
-| 日常使用/生产部署 | `unilabos` | ~2-3 GB |
-| 开发调试（可编辑模式） | `unilabos-env` | ~2 GB |
-| 仿真/可视化 | `unilabos-full` | ~8-10 GB |
+**解决方案**: 预打包的环境包含所有依赖，通常较大（压缩后 2-5GB）。这是为了确保离线安装和完整功能。如果空间有限，考虑使用方式二手动安装，只安装需要的组件。

 ### 问题 9: 如何更新到最新版本？

@@ -616,7 +511,6 @@ mamba update ros-humble-unilabos-msgs -c uni-lab -c robostack-staging -c conda-f

 **提示**:

- **大多数用户**推荐使用方式二（手动安装）的 `unilabos` 标准版
- **开发者**推荐使用方式三（开发者安装），安装 `unilabos-env` 后使用 `uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt` 安装依赖
- **仿真/可视化**推荐安装 `unilabos-full` 完整版
- **快速体验和演示**推荐使用方式一（一键安装）
+- 生产环境推荐使用方式二（手动安装）的稳定版本
+- 开发和测试推荐使用方式三（开发者安装）
+- 快速体验和演示推荐使用方式一（一键安装）
--- a/recipes/msgs/recipe.yaml
+++ b/recipes/msgs/recipe.yaml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package:
  name: ros-humble-unilabos-msgs
-  version: 0.10.17
+  version: 0.10.15
 source:
  path: ../../unilabos_msgs
  target_directory: src
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ requirements:
  build:
  - ${{ compiler('cxx') }}
  - ${{ compiler('c') }}
-  - python ==3.11.14
+  - python ==3.11.11
  - numpy
  - if: build_platform != target_platform
    then:
@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ requirements:
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-rosidl-default-generators
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-std-msgs
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-geometry-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros2-distro-mutex=0.7
+  - robostack-staging::ros2-distro-mutex=0.6
  run:
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-action-msgs
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-ros-workspace
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-rosidl-default-runtime
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-std-msgs
  - robostack-staging::ros-humble-geometry-msgs
-  - robostack-staging::ros2-distro-mutex=0.7
+  - robostack-staging::ros2-distro-mutex=0.6
  - if: osx and x86_64
    then:
    - __osx >=${{ MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET|default('10.14') }}
--- a/recipes/unilabos/recipe.yaml
+++ b/recipes/unilabos/recipe.yaml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package:
  name: unilabos
-  version: "0.10.17"
+  version: "0.10.15"

 source:
  path: ../..
--- a/scripts/create_readme.py
+++ b/scripts/create_readme.py
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Verification:
 -------------

 The verify_installation.py script will check:
-  - Python version (3.11.14)
+  - Python version (3.11.11)
  - ROS2 rclpy installation
  - UniLabOS installation and dependencies

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Build Information:

  Branch:   {branch}
  Platform: {platform}
-  Python:   3.11.14
+  Python:   3.11.11
  Date:     {build_date}

 Troubleshooting:
--- a/scripts/dev_install.py
+++ b/scripts/dev_install.py
@@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Development installation script for UniLabOS.
-Auto-detects Chinese locale and uses appropriate mirror.
-
-Usage:
-    python scripts/dev_install.py
-    python scripts/dev_install.py --no-mirror  # Force no mirror
-    python scripts/dev_install.py --china      # Force China mirror
-    python scripts/dev_install.py --skip-deps  # Skip pip dependencies installation
-
-Flow:
-    1. pip install -e . (install unilabos in editable mode)
-    2. Detect Chinese locale
-    3. Use uv to install pip dependencies from requirements.txt
-    4. Special packages (like pylabrobot) are handled by environment_check.py at runtime
-"""
-
-import locale
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import argparse
-from pathlib import Path
-
-# Tsinghua mirror URL
-TSINGHUA_MIRROR = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple"
-
-
-def is_chinese_locale() -> bool:
-    """
-    Detect if system is in Chinese locale.
-    Same logic as EnvironmentChecker._is_chinese_locale()
-    """
-    try:
-        lang = locale.getdefaultlocale()[0]
-        if lang and ("zh" in lang.lower() or "chinese" in lang.lower()):
-            return True
-    except Exception:
-        pass
-    return False
-
-
-def run_command(cmd: list, description: str, retry: int = 2) -> bool:
-    """Run command with retry support."""
-    print(f"[INFO] {description}")
-    print(f"[CMD] {' '.join(cmd)}")
-
-    for attempt in range(retry + 1):
-        try:
-            result = subprocess.run(cmd, check=True, timeout=600)
-            print(f"[OK] {description}")
-            return True
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-            if attempt < retry:
-                print(f"[WARN] Attempt {attempt + 1} failed, retrying...")
-            else:
-                print(f"[ERROR] {description} failed: {e}")
-                return False
-        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
-            print(f"[ERROR] {description} timed out")
-            return False
-    return False
-
-
-def install_editable(project_root: Path, use_mirror: bool) -> bool:
-    """Install unilabos in editable mode using pip."""
-    cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "-e", str(project_root)]
-    if use_mirror:
-        cmd.extend(["-i", TSINGHUA_MIRROR])
-
-    return run_command(cmd, "Installing unilabos in editable mode")
-
-
-def install_requirements_uv(requirements_file: Path, use_mirror: bool) -> bool:
-    """Install pip dependencies using uv (installed via conda-forge::uv)."""
-    cmd = ["uv", "pip", "install", "-r", str(requirements_file)]
-    if use_mirror:
-        cmd.extend(["-i", TSINGHUA_MIRROR])
-
-    return run_command(cmd, "Installing pip dependencies with uv", retry=2)
-
-
-def install_requirements_pip(requirements_file: Path, use_mirror: bool) -> bool:
-    """Fallback: Install pip dependencies using pip."""
-    cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "-r", str(requirements_file)]
-    if use_mirror:
-        cmd.extend(["-i", TSINGHUA_MIRROR])
-
-    return run_command(cmd, "Installing pip dependencies with pip", retry=2)
-
-
-def check_uv_available() -> bool:
-    """Check if uv is available (installed via conda-forge::uv)."""
-    try:
-        subprocess.run(["uv", "--version"], capture_output=True, check=True)
-        return True
-    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
-        return False
-
-
-def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Development installation script for UniLabOS")
-    parser.add_argument("--china", action="store_true", help="Force use China mirror (Tsinghua)")
-    parser.add_argument("--no-mirror", action="store_true", help="Force use default PyPI (no mirror)")
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--skip-deps", action="store_true", help="Skip pip dependencies installation (only install unilabos)"
-    )
-    parser.add_argument("--use-pip", action="store_true", help="Use pip instead of uv for dependencies")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-
-    # Determine project root
-    script_dir = Path(__file__).parent
-    project_root = script_dir.parent
-    requirements_file = project_root / "unilabos" / "utils" / "requirements.txt"
-
-    if not (project_root / "setup.py").exists():
-        print(f"[ERROR] setup.py not found in {project_root}")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    print("=" * 60)
-    print("UniLabOS Development Installation")
-    print("=" * 60)
-    print(f"Project root: {project_root}")
-    print()
-
-    # Determine mirror usage based on locale
-    if args.no_mirror:
-        use_mirror = False
-        print("[INFO] Mirror disabled by --no-mirror flag")
-    elif args.china:
-        use_mirror = True
-        print("[INFO] China mirror enabled by --china flag")
-    else:
-        use_mirror = is_chinese_locale()
-        if use_mirror:
-            print("[INFO] Chinese locale detected, using Tsinghua mirror")
-        else:
-            print("[INFO] Non-Chinese locale detected, using default PyPI")
-
-    print()
-
-    # Step 1: Install unilabos in editable mode
-    print("[STEP 1] Installing unilabos in editable mode...")
-    if not install_editable(project_root, use_mirror):
-        print("[ERROR] Failed to install unilabos")
-        print()
-        print("Manual fallback:")
-        if use_mirror:
-            print(f"  pip install -e {project_root} -i {TSINGHUA_MIRROR}")
-        else:
-            print(f"  pip install -e {project_root}")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    print()
-
-    # Step 2: Install pip dependencies
-    if args.skip_deps:
-        print("[INFO] Skipping pip dependencies installation (--skip-deps)")
-    else:
-        print("[STEP 2] Installing pip dependencies...")
-
-        if not requirements_file.exists():
-            print(f"[WARN] Requirements file not found: {requirements_file}")
-            print("[INFO] Skipping dependencies installation")
-        else:
-            # Try uv first (faster), fallback to pip
-            if args.use_pip:
-                print("[INFO] Using pip (--use-pip flag)")
-                success = install_requirements_pip(requirements_file, use_mirror)
-            elif check_uv_available():
-                print("[INFO] Using uv (installed via conda-forge::uv)")
-                success = install_requirements_uv(requirements_file, use_mirror)
-                if not success:
-                    print("[WARN] uv failed, falling back to pip...")
-                    success = install_requirements_pip(requirements_file, use_mirror)
-            else:
-                print("[WARN] uv not available (should be installed via: mamba install conda-forge::uv)")
-                print("[INFO] Falling back to pip...")
-                success = install_requirements_pip(requirements_file, use_mirror)
-
-            if not success:
-                print()
-                print("[WARN] Failed to install some dependencies automatically.")
-                print("You can manually install them:")
-                if use_mirror:
-                    print(f"  uv pip install -r {requirements_file} -i {TSINGHUA_MIRROR}")
-                    print("  or:")
-                    print(f"  pip install -r {requirements_file} -i {TSINGHUA_MIRROR}")
-                else:
-                    print(f"  uv pip install -r {requirements_file}")
-                    print("  or:")
-                    print(f"  pip install -r {requirements_file}")
-
-    print()
-    print("=" * 60)
-    print("Installation complete!")
-    print("=" * 60)
-    print()
-    print("Note: Some special packages (like pylabrobot) are installed")
-    print("automatically at runtime by unilabos if needed.")
-    print()
-    print("Verify installation:")
-    print('  python -c "import unilabos; print(unilabos.__version__)"')
-    print()
-    print("If you encounter issues, you can manually install dependencies:")
-    if use_mirror:
-        print(f"  uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt -i {TSINGHUA_MIRROR}")
-    else:
-        print("  uv pip install -r unilabos/utils/requirements.txt")
-    print()
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ package_name = 'unilabos'

 setup(
    name=package_name,
-    version='0.10.17',
+    version='0.10.15',
    packages=find_packages(),
    include_package_data=True,
    install_requires=['setuptools'],
--- a/tests/devices/liquid_handling/README.md
+++ b/tests/devices/liquid_handling/README.md
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-# Liquid handling 集成测试
-
-`test_transfer_liquid.py` 现在会调用 PRCXI 的 RViz 仿真 backend，运行前请确保：
-
-1. 已安装包含 `pylabrobot`、`rclpy` 的运行环境；
-2. 启动 ROS 依赖（`rviz` 可选，但是 `rviz_backend` 会创建 ROS 节点）；
-3. 在 shell 中设置 `UNILAB_SIM_TEST=1`，否则 pytest 会自动跳过这些慢速用例：
-
-```bash
-export UNILAB_SIM_TEST=1
-pytest tests/devices/liquid_handling/test_transfer_liquid.py -m slow
-```
-
-如果只需验证逻辑层（不依赖仿真），可以直接运行 `tests/devices/liquid_handling/unit_test.py`，该文件使用 Fake backend，适合作为 CI 的快速测试。***
-
--- a/tests/devices/liquid_handling/unit_test.py
+++ b/tests/devices/liquid_handling/unit_test.py
@@ -1,547 +0,0 @@
-import asyncio
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Any, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
-
-import pytest
-
-from unilabos.devices.liquid_handling.liquid_handler_abstract import LiquidHandlerAbstract
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class DummyContainer:
-    name: str
-
-    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # pragma: no cover
-        return f"DummyContainer({self.name})"
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class DummyTipSpot:
-    name: str
-
-    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # pragma: no cover
-        return f"DummyTipSpot({self.name})"
-
-
-def make_tip_iter(n: int = 256) -> Iterable[List[DummyTipSpot]]:
-    """Yield lists so code can safely call `tip.extend(next(self.current_tip))`."""
-    for i in range(n):
-        yield [DummyTipSpot(f"tip_{i}")]
-
-
-class FakeLiquidHandler(LiquidHandlerAbstract):
-    """不初始化真实 backend/deck；仅用来记录 transfer_liquid 内部调用序列。"""
-
-    def __init__(self, channel_num: int = 8):
-        # 不调用 super().__init__，避免真实硬件/后端依赖
-        self.channel_num = channel_num
-        self.support_touch_tip = True
-        self.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter())
-        self.calls: List[Tuple[str, Any]] = []
-
-    async def pick_up_tips(self, tip_spots, use_channels=None, offsets=None, **backend_kwargs):
-        self.calls.append(("pick_up_tips", {"tips": list(tip_spots), "use_channels": use_channels}))
-
-    async def aspirate(
-        self,
-        resources: Sequence[Any],
-        vols: List[float],
-        use_channels: Optional[List[int]] = None,
-        flow_rates: Optional[List[Optional[float]]] = None,
-        offsets: Any = None,
-        liquid_height: Any = None,
-        blow_out_air_volume: Any = None,
-        spread: str = "wide",
-        **backend_kwargs,
-    ):
-        self.calls.append(
-            (
-                "aspirate",
-                {
-                    "resources": list(resources),
-                    "vols": list(vols),
-                    "use_channels": list(use_channels) if use_channels is not None else None,
-                    "flow_rates": list(flow_rates) if flow_rates is not None else None,
-                    "offsets": list(offsets) if offsets is not None else None,
-                    "liquid_height": list(liquid_height) if liquid_height is not None else None,
-                    "blow_out_air_volume": list(blow_out_air_volume) if blow_out_air_volume is not None else None,
-                },
-            )
-        )
-
-    async def dispense(
-        self,
-        resources: Sequence[Any],
-        vols: List[float],
-        use_channels: Optional[List[int]] = None,
-        flow_rates: Optional[List[Optional[float]]] = None,
-        offsets: Any = None,
-        liquid_height: Any = None,
-        blow_out_air_volume: Any = None,
-        spread: str = "wide",
-        **backend_kwargs,
-    ):
-        self.calls.append(
-            (
-                "dispense",
-                {
-                    "resources": list(resources),
-                    "vols": list(vols),
-                    "use_channels": list(use_channels) if use_channels is not None else None,
-                    "flow_rates": list(flow_rates) if flow_rates is not None else None,
-                    "offsets": list(offsets) if offsets is not None else None,
-                    "liquid_height": list(liquid_height) if liquid_height is not None else None,
-                    "blow_out_air_volume": list(blow_out_air_volume) if blow_out_air_volume is not None else None,
-                },
-            )
-        )
-
-    async def discard_tips(self, use_channels=None, *args, **kwargs):
-        # 有的分支是 discard_tips(use_channels=[0])，有的分支是 discard_tips([0..7])（位置参数）
-        self.calls.append(("discard_tips", {"use_channels": list(use_channels) if use_channels is not None else None}))
-
-    async def custom_delay(self, seconds=0, msg=None):
-        self.calls.append(("custom_delay", {"seconds": seconds, "msg": msg}))
-
-    async def touch_tip(self, targets):
-        # 原实现会访问 targets.get_size_x() 等；测试里只记录调用
-        self.calls.append(("touch_tip", {"targets": targets}))
-
-def run(coro):
-    return asyncio.run(coro)
-
-
-def test_one_to_one_single_channel_basic_calls():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(64))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(3)]
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(3)]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=targets,
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=[0],
-      asp_vols=[1, 2, 3],
-      dis_vols=[4, 5, 6],
-      mix_times=None,  # 应该仍能执行（不 mix）
-    )
-  )
-
-  assert [c[0] for c in lh.calls].count("pick_up_tips") == 3
-  assert [c[0] for c in lh.calls].count("aspirate") == 3
-  assert [c[0] for c in lh.calls].count("dispense") == 3
-  assert [c[0] for c in lh.calls].count("discard_tips") == 3
-
-  # 每次 aspirate/dispense 都是单孔列表
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == [sources[0]]
-  assert aspirates[0]["vols"] == [1.0]
-
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert dispenses[2]["resources"] == [targets[2]]
-  assert dispenses[2]["vols"] == [6.0]
-
-
-def test_one_to_one_single_channel_before_stage_mixes_prior_to_aspirate():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(16))
-
-  source = DummyContainer("S0")
-  target = DummyContainer("T0")
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=[source],
-      targets=[target],
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=[0],
-      asp_vols=[5],
-      dis_vols=[5],
-      mix_stage="before",
-      mix_times=1,
-      mix_vol=3,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirate_calls = [(idx, payload) for idx, (name, payload) in enumerate(lh.calls) if name == "aspirate"]
-  assert len(aspirate_calls) >= 2
-  mix_idx, mix_payload = aspirate_calls[0]
-  assert mix_payload["resources"] == [target]
-  assert mix_payload["vols"] == [3]
-  transfer_idx, transfer_payload = aspirate_calls[1]
-  assert transfer_payload["resources"] == [source]
-  assert mix_idx < transfer_idx
-
-
-def test_one_to_one_eight_channel_groups_by_8():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(256))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(16)]
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(16)]
-  asp_vols = list(range(1, 17))
-  dis_vols = list(range(101, 117))
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=targets,
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=list(range(8)),
-      asp_vols=asp_vols,
-      dis_vols=dis_vols,
-      mix_times=0,  # 触发逻辑但不 mix
-    )
-  )
-
-  # 16 个任务 -> 2 组，每组 8 通道一起做
-  assert [c[0] for c in lh.calls].count("pick_up_tips") == 2
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert len(aspirates) == 2
-  assert len(dispenses) == 2
-
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == sources[0:8]
-  assert aspirates[0]["vols"] == [float(v) for v in asp_vols[0:8]]
-  assert dispenses[1]["resources"] == targets[8:16]
-  assert dispenses[1]["vols"] == [float(v) for v in dis_vols[8:16]]
-
-
-def test_one_to_one_eight_channel_requires_multiple_of_8_targets():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(64))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(9)]
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(9)]
-
-  with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="multiple of 8"):
-    run(
-      lh.transfer_liquid(
-        sources=sources,
-        targets=targets,
-        tip_racks=[],
-        use_channels=list(range(8)),
-        asp_vols=[1] * 9,
-        dis_vols=[1] * 9,
-        mix_times=0,
-      )
-    )
-
-
-def test_one_to_one_eight_channel_parameter_lists_are_chunked_per_8():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(512))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(16)]
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(16)]
-  asp_vols = [i + 1 for i in range(16)]
-  dis_vols = [200 + i for i in range(16)]
-  asp_flow_rates = [0.1 * (i + 1) for i in range(16)]
-  dis_flow_rates = [0.2 * (i + 1) for i in range(16)]
-  offsets = [f"offset_{i}" for i in range(16)]
-  liquid_heights = [i * 0.5 for i in range(16)]
-  blow_out_air_volume = [i + 0.05 for i in range(16)]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=targets,
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=list(range(8)),
-      asp_vols=asp_vols,
-      dis_vols=dis_vols,
-      asp_flow_rates=asp_flow_rates,
-      dis_flow_rates=dis_flow_rates,
-      offsets=offsets,
-      liquid_height=liquid_heights,
-      blow_out_air_volume=blow_out_air_volume,
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert len(aspirates) == len(dispenses) == 2
-
-  for batch_idx in range(2):
-    start = batch_idx * 8
-    end = start + 8
-    asp_call = aspirates[batch_idx]
-    dis_call = dispenses[batch_idx]
-    assert asp_call["resources"] == sources[start:end]
-    assert asp_call["flow_rates"] == asp_flow_rates[start:end]
-    assert asp_call["offsets"] == offsets[start:end]
-    assert asp_call["liquid_height"] == liquid_heights[start:end]
-    assert asp_call["blow_out_air_volume"] == blow_out_air_volume[start:end]
-    assert dis_call["flow_rates"] == dis_flow_rates[start:end]
-    assert dis_call["offsets"] == offsets[start:end]
-    assert dis_call["liquid_height"] == liquid_heights[start:end]
-    assert dis_call["blow_out_air_volume"] == blow_out_air_volume[start:end]
-
-
-def test_one_to_one_eight_channel_handles_32_tasks_four_batches():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(1024))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(32)]
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(32)]
-  asp_vols = [i + 1 for i in range(32)]
-  dis_vols = [300 + i for i in range(32)]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=targets,
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=list(range(8)),
-      asp_vols=asp_vols,
-      dis_vols=dis_vols,
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  pick_calls = [name for name, _ in lh.calls if name == "pick_up_tips"]
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert len(pick_calls) == 4
-  assert len(aspirates) == len(dispenses) == 4
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == sources[0:8]
-  assert aspirates[-1]["resources"] == sources[24:32]
-  assert dispenses[0]["resources"] == targets[0:8]
-  assert dispenses[-1]["resources"] == targets[24:32]
-
-
-def test_one_to_many_single_channel_aspirates_total_when_asp_vol_too_small():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(64))
-
-  source = DummyContainer("SRC")
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(3)]
-  dis_vols = [10, 20, 30]  # sum=60
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=[source],
-      targets=targets,
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=[0],
-      asp_vols=10,  # 小于 sum(dis_vols) -> 应吸 60
-      dis_vols=dis_vols,
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  assert len(aspirates) == 1
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == [source]
-  assert aspirates[0]["vols"] == [60.0]
-  assert aspirates[0]["use_channels"] == [0]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert [d["vols"][0] for d in dispenses] == [10.0, 20.0, 30.0]
-
-
-def test_one_to_many_eight_channel_basic():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(128))
-
-  source = DummyContainer("SRC")
-  targets = [DummyContainer(f"T{i}") for i in range(8)]
-  dis_vols = [i + 1 for i in range(8)]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=[source],
-      targets=targets,
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=list(range(8)),
-      asp_vols=999,  # one-to-many 8ch 会按 dis_vols 吸（每通道各自）
-      dis_vols=dis_vols,
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == [source] * 8
-  assert aspirates[0]["vols"] == [float(v) for v in dis_vols]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert dispenses[0]["resources"] == targets
-  assert dispenses[0]["vols"] == [float(v) for v in dis_vols]
-
-
-def test_many_to_one_single_channel_standard_dispense_equals_asp_by_default():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(128))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(3)]
-  target = DummyContainer("T")
-  asp_vols = [5, 6, 7]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=[target],
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=[0],
-      asp_vols=asp_vols,
-      dis_vols=1,  # many-to-one 允许标量；非比例模式下实际每次分液=对应 asp_vol
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert [d["vols"][0] for d in dispenses] == [float(v) for v in asp_vols]
-  assert all(d["resources"] == [target] for d in dispenses)
-
-
-def test_many_to_one_single_channel_before_stage_mixes_target_once():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(128))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer("S0"), DummyContainer("S1")]
-  target = DummyContainer("T")
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=[target],
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=[0],
-      asp_vols=[5, 6],
-      dis_vols=1,
-      mix_stage="before",
-      mix_times=2,
-      mix_vol=4,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirate_calls = [(idx, payload) for idx, (name, payload) in enumerate(lh.calls) if name == "aspirate"]
-  assert len(aspirate_calls) >= 1
-  mix_idx, mix_payload = aspirate_calls[0]
-  assert mix_payload["resources"] == [target]
-  assert mix_payload["vols"] == [4]
-  # 第一個 mix 之後會真正開始吸 source
-  assert any(call["resources"] == [sources[0]] for _, call in aspirate_calls[1:])
-
-
-def test_many_to_one_single_channel_proportional_mixing_uses_dis_vols_per_source():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(128))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(3)]
-  target = DummyContainer("T")
-  asp_vols = [5, 6, 7]
-  dis_vols = [1, 2, 3]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=[target],
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=[0],
-      asp_vols=asp_vols,
-      dis_vols=dis_vols,  # 比例模式
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert [d["vols"][0] for d in dispenses] == [float(v) for v in dis_vols]
-
-
-def test_many_to_one_eight_channel_basic():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(256))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer(f"S{i}") for i in range(8)]
-  target = DummyContainer("T")
-  asp_vols = [10 + i for i in range(8)]
-
-  run(
-    lh.transfer_liquid(
-      sources=sources,
-      targets=[target],
-      tip_racks=[],
-      use_channels=list(range(8)),
-      asp_vols=asp_vols,
-      dis_vols=999,  # 非比例模式下每通道分液=对应 asp_vol
-      mix_times=0,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == sources
-  assert aspirates[0]["vols"] == [float(v) for v in asp_vols]
-  assert dispenses[0]["resources"] == [target] * 8
-  assert dispenses[0]["vols"] == [float(v) for v in asp_vols]
-
-
-def test_transfer_liquid_mode_detection_unsupported_shape_raises():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=8)
-  lh.current_tip = iter(make_tip_iter(64))
-
-  sources = [DummyContainer("S0"), DummyContainer("S1")]
-  targets = [DummyContainer("T0"), DummyContainer("T1"), DummyContainer("T2")]
-
-  with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unsupported transfer mode"):
-    run(
-      lh.transfer_liquid(
-        sources=sources,
-        targets=targets,
-        tip_racks=[],
-        use_channels=[0],
-        asp_vols=[1, 1],
-        dis_vols=[1, 1, 1],
-        mix_times=0,
-      )
-    )
-
-
-def test_mix_single_target_produces_matching_cycles():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  target = DummyContainer("T_mix")
-
-  run(lh.mix(targets=[target], mix_time=2, mix_vol=5))
-
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  dispenses = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "dispense"]
-  assert len(aspirates) == len(dispenses) == 2
-  assert all(call["resources"] == [target] for call in aspirates)
-  assert all(call["vols"] == [5] for call in aspirates)
-  assert all(call["resources"] == [target] for call in dispenses)
-  assert all(call["vols"] == [5] for call in dispenses)
-
-
-def test_mix_multiple_targets_supports_per_target_offsets():
-  lh = FakeLiquidHandler(channel_num=1)
-  targets = [DummyContainer("T0"), DummyContainer("T1")]
-  offsets = ["left", "right"]
-  heights = [0.1, 0.2]
-  rates = [0.5, 1.0]
-
-  run(
-    lh.mix(
-      targets=targets,
-      mix_time=1,
-      mix_vol=3,
-      offsets=offsets,
-      height_to_bottom=heights,
-      mix_rate=rates,
-    )
-  )
-
-  aspirates = [payload for name, payload in lh.calls if name == "aspirate"]
-  assert len(aspirates) == 2
-  assert aspirates[0]["resources"] == [targets[0]]
-  assert aspirates[0]["offsets"] == [offsets[0]]
-  assert aspirates[0]["liquid_height"] == [heights[0]]
-  assert aspirates[0]["flow_rates"] == [rates[0]]
-  assert aspirates[1]["resources"] == [targets[1]]
-  assert aspirates[1]["offsets"] == [offsets[1]]
-  assert aspirates[1]["liquid_height"] == [heights[1]]
-  assert aspirates[1]["flow_rates"] == [rates[1]]
-
-
--- a/tests/workflow/test.json
+++ b/tests/workflow/test.json
@@ -1,213 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "workflow": [
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines",
-        "targets": "Liquid_1",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines",
-        "targets": "Liquid_2",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines",
-        "targets": "Liquid_3",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines_2",
-        "targets": "Liquid_4",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines_2",
-        "targets": "Liquid_5",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines_2",
-        "targets": "Liquid_6",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines_3",
-        "targets": "dest_set",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines_3",
-        "targets": "dest_set_2",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "action": "transfer_liquid",
-      "action_args": {
-        "sources": "cell_lines_3",
-        "targets": "dest_set_3",
-        "asp_vol": 100.0,
-        "dis_vol": 74.75,
-        "asp_flow_rate": 94.0,
-        "dis_flow_rate": 95.5
-      }
-    }
-  ],
-  "reagent": {
-    "Liquid_1": {
-      "slot": 1,
-      "well": [
-        "A4",
-        "A7",
-        "A10"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 1"
-    },
-    "Liquid_4": {
-      "slot": 1,
-      "well": [
-        "A4",
-        "A7",
-        "A10"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 1"
-    },
-    "dest_set": {
-      "slot": 1,
-      "well": [
-        "A4",
-        "A7",
-        "A10"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 1"
-    },
-    "Liquid_2": {
-      "slot": 2,
-      "well": [
-        "A3",
-        "A5",
-        "A8"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 2"
-    },
-    "Liquid_5": {
-      "slot": 2,
-      "well": [
-        "A3",
-        "A5",
-        "A8"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 2"
-    },
-    "dest_set_2": {
-      "slot": 2,
-      "well": [
-        "A3",
-        "A5",
-        "A8"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 2"
-    },
-    "Liquid_3": {
-      "slot": 3,
-      "well": [
-        "A4",
-        "A6",
-        "A10"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 3"
-    },
-    "Liquid_6": {
-      "slot": 3,
-      "well": [
-        "A4",
-        "A6",
-        "A10"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 3"
-    },
-    "dest_set_3": {
-      "slot": 3,
-      "well": [
-        "A4",
-        "A6",
-        "A10"
-      ],
-      "labware": "rep 3"
-    },
-    "cell_lines": {
-      "slot": 4,
-      "well": [
-        "A1",
-        "A3",
-        "A5"
-      ],
-      "labware": "DRUG + YOYO-MEDIA"
-    },
-    "cell_lines_2": {
-      "slot": 4,
-      "well": [
-        "A1",
-        "A3",
-        "A5"
-      ],
-      "labware": "DRUG + YOYO-MEDIA"
-    },
-    "cell_lines_3": {
-      "slot": 4,
-      "well": [
-        "A1",
-        "A3",
-        "A5"
-      ],
-      "labware": "DRUG + YOYO-MEDIA"
-    }
-  }
-}
--- a/unilabos/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/init.py
@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "0.10.17"
+__version__ = "0.10.15"
--- a/unilabos/app/main.py
+++ b/unilabos/app/main.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import sys
 import threading
 import time
 from typing import Dict, Any, List
+
 import networkx as nx
 import yaml

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ unilabos_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(current_dir))
 if unilabos_dir not in sys.path:
    sys.path.append(unilabos_dir)

-from unilabos.app.utils import cleanup_for_restart
 from unilabos.utils.banner_print import print_status, print_unilab_banner
 from unilabos.config.config import load_config, BasicConfig, HTTPConfig
+from unilabos.app.utils import cleanup_for_restart

 # Global restart flags (used by ws_client and web/server)
 _restart_requested: bool = False
@@ -160,12 +161,6 @@ def parse_args():
        default=False,
        help="Complete registry information",
    )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--check_mode",
-        action="store_true",
-        default=False,
-        help="Run in check mode for CI: validates registry imports and ensures no file changes",
-    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--no_update_feedback",
        action="store_true",
@@ -216,10 +211,7 @@ def main():
    args_dict = vars(args)

    # 环境检查 - 检查并自动安装必需的包 (可选)
-    skip_env_check = args_dict.get("skip_env_check", False)
-    check_mode = args_dict.get("check_mode", False)
-
-    if not skip_env_check:
+    if not args_dict.get("skip_env_check", False):
        from unilabos.utils.environment_check import check_environment

        if not check_environment(auto_install=True):
@@ -230,21 +222,7 @@ def main():

    # 加载配置文件，优先加载config，然后从env读取
    config_path = args_dict.get("config")
-
-    if check_mode:
-        args_dict["working_dir"] = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
-    # 当 skip_env_check 时，默认使用当前目录作为 working_dir
-    if skip_env_check and not args_dict.get("working_dir") and not config_path:
-        working_dir = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
-        print_status(f"跳过环境检查模式：使用当前目录作为工作目录 {working_dir}", "info")
-        # 检查当前目录是否有 local_config.py
-        local_config_in_cwd = os.path.join(working_dir, "local_config.py")
-        if os.path.exists(local_config_in_cwd):
-            config_path = local_config_in_cwd
-            print_status(f"发现本地配置文件: {config_path}", "info")
-        else:
-            print_status(f"未指定config路径，可通过 --config 传入 local_config.py 文件路径", "info")
-    elif os.getcwd().endswith("unilabos_data"):
+    if os.getcwd().endswith("unilabos_data"):
        working_dir = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
    else:
        working_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "unilabos_data"))
@@ -263,7 +241,7 @@ def main():
        working_dir = os.path.dirname(config_path)
    elif os.path.exists(working_dir) and os.path.exists(os.path.join(working_dir, "local_config.py")):
        config_path = os.path.join(working_dir, "local_config.py")
-    elif not skip_env_check and not config_path and (
+    elif not config_path and (
        not os.path.exists(working_dir) or not os.path.exists(os.path.join(working_dir, "local_config.py"))
    ):
        print_status(f"未指定config路径，可通过 --config 传入 local_config.py 文件路径", "info")
@@ -277,11 +255,9 @@ def main():
            print_status(f"已创建 local_config.py 路径： {config_path}", "info")
        else:
            os._exit(1)
-
-    # 加载配置文件 (check_mode 跳过)
+    # 加载配置文件
    print_status(f"当前工作目录为 {working_dir}", "info")
-    if not check_mode:
-        load_config_from_file(config_path)
+    load_config_from_file(config_path)

    # 根据配置重新设置日志级别
    from unilabos.utils.log import configure_logger, logger
@@ -337,7 +313,6 @@ def main():
    machine_name = "".join([c if c.isalnum() or c == "_" else "_" for c in machine_name])
    BasicConfig.machine_name = machine_name
    BasicConfig.vis_2d_enable = args_dict["2d_vis"]
-    BasicConfig.check_mode = check_mode

    from unilabos.resources.graphio import (
        read_node_link_json,
@@ -356,14 +331,10 @@ def main():
    # 显示启动横幅
    print_unilab_banner(args_dict)

-    # 注册表 - check_mode 时强制启用 complete_registry
-    complete_registry = args_dict.get("complete_registry", False) or check_mode
-    lab_registry = build_registry(args_dict["registry_path"], complete_registry, BasicConfig.upload_registry)
-
-    # Check mode: complete_registry 完成后直接退出，git diff 检测由 CI workflow 执行
-    if check_mode:
-        print_status("Check mode: complete_registry 完成，退出", "info")
-        os._exit(0)
+    # 注册表
+    lab_registry = build_registry(
+        args_dict["registry_path"], args_dict.get("complete_registry", False), BasicConfig.upload_registry
+    )

    if BasicConfig.upload_registry:
        # 设备注册到服务端 - 需要 ak 和 sk
--- a/unilabos/app/utils.py
+++ b/unilabos/app/utils.py
@@ -4,40 +4,8 @@ UniLabOS 应用工具函数
 提供清理、重启等工具函数
 """

-import glob
-import os
-import shutil
-import sys
-
-
-def patch_rclpy_dll_windows():
-    """在 Windows + conda 环境下为 rclpy 打 DLL 加载补丁"""
-    if sys.platform != "win32" or not os.environ.get("CONDA_PREFIX"):
-        return
-    try:
-        import rclpy
-
-        return
-    except ImportError as e:
-        if not str(e).startswith("DLL load failed"):
-            return
-    cp = os.environ["CONDA_PREFIX"]
-    impl = os.path.join(cp, "Lib", "site-packages", "rclpy", "impl", "implementation_singleton.py")
-    pyd = glob.glob(os.path.join(cp, "Lib", "site-packages", "rclpy", "_rclpy_pybind11*.pyd"))
-    if not os.path.exists(impl) or not pyd:
-        return
-    with open(impl, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        content = f.read()
-    lib_bin = os.path.join(cp, "Library", "bin").replace("\\", "/")
-    patch = f'# UniLabOS DLL Patch\nimport os,ctypes\nos.add_dll_directory("{lib_bin}") if hasattr(os,"add_dll_directory") else None\ntry: ctypes.CDLL("{pyd[0].replace(chr(92),"/")}")\nexcept: pass\n# End Patch\n'
-    shutil.copy2(impl, impl + ".bak")
-    with open(impl, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        f.write(patch + content)
-
-
-patch_rclpy_dll_windows()
-
 import gc
+import os
 import threading
 import time

--- a/unilabos/app/web/client.py
+++ b/unilabos/app/web/client.py
@@ -359,7 +359,9 @@ class HTTPClient:
        Returns:
            Dict: API响应数据，包含 code 和 data (uuid, name)
        """
+        # target_lab_uuid 暂时使用默认值，后续由后端根据 ak/sk 获取
        payload = {
+            "target_lab_uuid": "28c38bb0-63f6-4352-b0d8-b5b8eb1766d5",
            "name": name,
            "data": {
                "workflow_uuid": workflow_uuid,
--- a/unilabos/devices/Qone_nmr/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/Qone_nmr/init.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/liquid_handling/liquid_handler_abstract.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/liquid_handling/liquid_handler_abstract.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/liquid_handling/prcxi/prcxi.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/liquid_handling/prcxi/prcxi.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/neware_battery_test_system/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/neware_battery_test_system/init.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/workstation/bioyond_studio/bioyond_cell/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/workstation/bioyond_studio/bioyond_cell/init.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/workstation/bioyond_studio/dispensing_station/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/workstation/bioyond_studio/dispensing_station/init.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/workstation/bioyond_studio/reaction_station/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/workstation/bioyond_studio/reaction_station/init.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/xrd_d7mate/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/xrd_d7mate/init.py
--- a/unilabos/devices/zhida_hplc/init.py
+++ b/unilabos/devices/zhida_hplc/init.py
--- a/unilabos/registry/devices/liquid_handler.yaml
+++ b/unilabos/registry/devices/liquid_handler.yaml
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ liquid_handler:
        placeholder_keys: {}
        result: {}
        schema:
-          description: 吸头迭代函数。用于自动管理和切换枪头盒中的吸头，实现批量实验中的吸头自动分配和追踪。该函数监控吸头使用状态，自动切换到下一个可用吸头位置，确保实验流程的连续性。适用于高通量实验、批量处理、自动化流水线等需要大量吸头管理的应用场景。
+          description: 吸头迭代函数。用于自动管理和切换吸头架中的吸头，实现批量实验中的吸头自动分配和追踪。该函数监控吸头使用状态，自动切换到下一个可用吸头位置，确保实验流程的连续性。适用于高通量实验、批量处理、自动化流水线等需要大量吸头管理的应用场景。
          properties:
            feedback: {}
            goal:
@@ -712,43 +712,6 @@ liquid_handler:
          title: set_group参数
          type: object
        type: UniLabJsonCommand
-      auto-set_liquid_from_plate:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          liquid_names: null
-          plate: null
-          volumes: null
-          well_names: null
-        handles: {}
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: ''
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                liquid_names:
-                  type: string
-                plate:
-                  type: string
-                volumes:
-                  type: string
-                well_names:
-                  type: string
-              required:
-              - plate
-              - well_names
-              - liquid_names
-              - volumes
-              type: object
-            result: {}
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: set_liquid_from_plate参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
      auto-set_tiprack:
        feedback: {}
        goal: {}
@@ -758,7 +721,7 @@ liquid_handler:
        placeholder_keys: {}
        result: {}
        schema:
-          description: 枪头盒设置函数。用于配置和初始化液体处理系统的枪头盒信息，包括枪头盒位置、类型、容量等参数。该函数建立吸头资源管理系统，为后续的吸头选择和使用提供基础配置。适用于系统初始化、枪头盒更换、实验配置等需要吸头资源管理的操作场景。
+          description: 吸头架设置函数。用于配置和初始化液体处理系统的吸头架信息，包括吸头架位置、类型、容量等参数。该函数建立吸头资源管理系统，为后续的吸头选择和使用提供基础配置。适用于系统初始化、吸头架更换、实验配置等需要吸头资源管理的操作场景。
          properties:
            feedback: {}
            goal:
@@ -4130,43 +4093,32 @@ liquid_handler:
          - 0
        handles:
          input:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources
            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets
            label: targets
-          - data_key: tip_racks
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: tip_racks
-            label: tip_racks
-          output:
-          - data_key: sources
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: targets
-            label: 转移目标
-          - data_key: tip_racks
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: tip_rack
-            label: 枪头盒
+            label: tip_rack
          output:
-          - data_key: sources.@flatten
-            data_source: executor
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources_out
            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets_out
-            label: 移液后目标孔
+            label: targets
        placeholder_keys:
          sources: unilabos_resources
          targets: unilabos_resources
@@ -4812,13 +4764,13 @@ liquid_handler.biomek:
          targets: ''
        handles:
          input:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources
            label: sources
          output:
-          - data_key: targets
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets
@@ -4971,29 +4923,29 @@ liquid_handler.biomek:
          volume: 0.0
        handles:
          input:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources
            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets
            label: targets
-          - data_key: tip_racks
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: tip_racks
-            label: tip_racks
+            handler_key: tip_rack
+            label: tip_rack
          output:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources_out
            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets_out
            label: targets
@@ -5162,32 +5114,19 @@ liquid_handler.biomek:
          - 0
        handles:
          input:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: sources
-            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: targets
-            label: targets
-          - data_key: tip_racks
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: tip_racks
-            label: tip_racks
+            handler_key: liquid-input
+            io_type: target
+            label: Liquid Input
          output:
-          - data_key: sources
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: sources_out
-            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: targets_out
-            label: targets
+            handler_key: liquid-output
+            io_type: source
+            label: Liquid Output
        placeholder_keys:
          sources: unilabos_resources
          targets: unilabos_resources
@@ -7665,43 +7604,6 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          title: iter_tips参数
          type: object
        type: UniLabJsonCommand
-      auto-magnetic_action:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          height: null
-          is_wait: null
-          module_no: null
-          time: null
-        handles: {}
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: ''
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                height:
-                  type: integer
-                is_wait:
-                  type: boolean
-                module_no:
-                  type: integer
-                time:
-                  type: integer
-              required:
-              - time
-              - module_no
-              - height
-              - is_wait
-              type: object
-            result: {}
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: magnetic_action参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommandAsync
      auto-move_to:
        feedback: {}
        goal: {}
@@ -7735,31 +7637,6 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          title: move_to参数
          type: object
        type: UniLabJsonCommandAsync
-      auto-plr_pos_to_prcxi:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          resource: null
-        handles: {}
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: ''
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                resource:
-                  type: object
-              required:
-              - resource
-              type: object
-            result: {}
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: plr_pos_to_prcxi参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
      auto-post_init:
        feedback: {}
        goal: {}
@@ -7880,47 +7757,6 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          title: shaker_action参数
          type: object
        type: UniLabJsonCommandAsync
-      auto-shaking_incubation_action:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          amplitude: null
-          is_wait: null
-          module_no: null
-          temperature: null
-          time: null
-        handles: {}
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: ''
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                amplitude:
-                  type: integer
-                is_wait:
-                  type: boolean
-                module_no:
-                  type: integer
-                temperature:
-                  type: integer
-                time:
-                  type: integer
-              required:
-              - time
-              - module_no
-              - amplitude
-              - is_wait
-              - temperature
-              type: object
-            result: {}
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: shaking_incubation_action参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommandAsync
      auto-touch_tip:
        feedback: {}
        goal: {}
@@ -8655,19 +8491,7 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
                z: 0.0
            sample_id: ''
            type: ''
-        handles:
-          input:
-          - data_key: plate
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: plate
-            label: plate
-          output:
-          - data_key: plate
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: plate
-            label: plate
+        handles: {}
        placeholder_keys:
          plate: unilabos_resources
          to: unilabos_resources
@@ -9460,13 +9284,7 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: input_wells
-            label: 待设定液体孔
-          output:
-          - data_key: wells.@flatten
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: output_wells
-            label: 已设定液体孔
+            label: InputWells
        placeholder_keys:
          wells: unilabos_resources
        result: {}
@@ -9582,165 +9400,6 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          title: LiquidHandlerSetLiquid
          type: object
        type: LiquidHandlerSetLiquid
-      set_liquid_from_plate:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          liquid_names: null
-          plate: null
-          volumes: null
-          well_names: null
-        handles:
-          input:
-          - data_key: plate
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: input_plate
-            label: 待设定液体板
-          output:
-          - data_key: plate.@flatten
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: output_plate
-            label: 已设定液体板
-          - data_key: wells.@flatten
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: output_wells
-            label: 已设定液体孔
-          - data_key: volumes
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: number_array
-            handler_key: output_volumes
-            label: 各孔设定体积
-        placeholder_keys:
-          plate: unilabos_resources
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: ''
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                liquid_names:
-                  items:
-                    type: string
-                  type: array
-                plate:
-                  items:
-                    properties:
-                      category:
-                        type: string
-                      children:
-                        items:
-                          type: string
-                        type: array
-                      config:
-                        type: string
-                      data:
-                        type: string
-                      id:
-                        type: string
-                      name:
-                        type: string
-                      parent:
-                        type: string
-                      pose:
-                        properties:
-                          orientation:
-                            properties:
-                              w:
-                                type: number
-                              x:
-                                type: number
-                              y:
-                                type: number
-                              z:
-                                type: number
-                            required:
-                            - x
-                            - y
-                            - z
-                            - w
-                            title: orientation
-                            type: object
-                          position:
-                            properties:
-                              x:
-                                type: number
-                              y:
-                                type: number
-                              z:
-                                type: number
-                            required:
-                            - x
-                            - y
-                            - z
-                            title: position
-                            type: object
-                        required:
-                        - position
-                        - orientation
-                        title: pose
-                        type: object
-                      sample_id:
-                        type: string
-                      type:
-                        type: string
-                    required:
-                    - id
-                    - name
-                    - sample_id
-                    - children
-                    - parent
-                    - type
-                    - category
-                    - pose
-                    - config
-                    - data
-                    title: plate
-                    type: object
-                  title: plate
-                  type: array
-                volumes:
-                  items:
-                    type: number
-                  type: array
-                well_names:
-                  items:
-                    type: string
-                  type: array
-              required:
-              - plate
-              - well_names
-              - liquid_names
-              - volumes
-              type: object
-            result:
-              properties:
-                plate:
-                  items: {}
-                  title: Plate
-                  type: array
-                volumes:
-                  items: {}
-                  title: Volumes
-                  type: array
-                wells:
-                  items: {}
-                  title: Wells
-                  type: array
-              required:
-              - plate
-              - wells
-              - volumes
-              title: SetLiquidFromPlateReturn
-              type: object
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: set_liquid_from_plate参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
      set_tiprack:
        feedback: {}
        goal:
@@ -10086,32 +9745,32 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          - 0
        handles:
          input:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources
            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets
            label: targets
-          - data_key: tip_racks
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
-            handler_key: tip_racks
-            label: tip_racks
+            handler_key: tip_rack
+            label: tip_rack
          output:
-          - data_key: sources
+          - data_key: liquid
            data_source: handle
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: sources_out
            label: sources
-          - data_key: targets
-            data_source: handle
+          - data_key: liquid
+            data_source: executor
            data_type: resource
            handler_key: targets_out
-            label: 移液后目标孔
+            label: targets
        placeholder_keys:
          sources: unilabos_resources
          targets: unilabos_resources
@@ -10492,12 +10151,6 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          type: string
        deck:
          type: object
-        deck_y:
-          default: 400
-          type: string
-        deck_z:
-          default: 300
-          type: string
        host:
          type: string
        is_9320:
@@ -10508,44 +10161,17 @@ liquid_handler.prcxi:
          type: string
        port:
          type: integer
-        rail_interval:
-          default: 0
-          type: string
-        rail_nums:
-          default: 4
-          type: string
-        rail_width:
-          default: 27.5
-          type: string
        setup:
          default: true
          type: string
        simulator:
          default: false
          type: string
-        start_rail:
-          default: 2
-          type: string
        step_mode:
          default: false
          type: string
        timeout:
          type: number
-        x_increase:
-          default: -0.003636
-          type: string
-        x_offset:
-          default: -0.8
-          type: string
-        xy_coupling:
-          default: -0.0045
-          type: string
-        y_increase:
-          default: -0.003636
-          type: string
-        y_offset:
-          default: -37.98
-          type: string
      required:
      - deck
      - host
--- a/unilabos/registry/devices/virtual_device.yaml
+++ b/unilabos/registry/devices/virtual_device.yaml
@@ -5792,381 +5792,3 @@ virtual_vacuum_pump:
      - status
      type: object
  version: 1.0.0
-virtual_workbench:
-  category:
-  - virtual_device
-  class:
-    action_value_mappings:
-      auto-move_to_heating_station:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          material_number: null
-        handles:
-          input:
-          - data_key: material_number
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: material_input
-            label: 物料编号
-          output:
-          - data_key: station_id
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_station
-            handler_key: heating_station_output
-            label: 加热台ID
-          - data_key: material_number
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: material_number_output
-            label: 物料编号
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: 将物料从An位置移动到空闲加热台，返回分配的加热台ID
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                material_number:
-                  description: 物料编号，1-5，物料ID自动生成为A{n}
-                  type: integer
-              required:
-              - material_number
-              type: object
-            result:
-              description: move_to_heating_station 返回类型
-              properties:
-                material_id:
-                  title: Material Id
-                  type: string
-                material_number:
-                  title: Material Number
-                  type: integer
-                message:
-                  title: Message
-                  type: string
-                station_id:
-                  description: 分配的加热台ID
-                  title: Station Id
-                  type: integer
-                success:
-                  title: Success
-                  type: boolean
-              required:
-              - success
-              - station_id
-              - material_id
-              - material_number
-              - message
-              title: MoveToHeatingStationResult
-              type: object
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: move_to_heating_station参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
-      auto-move_to_output:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          material_number: null
-          station_id: null
-        handles:
-          input:
-          - data_key: station_id
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: workbench_station
-            handler_key: output_station_input
-            label: 加热台ID
-          - data_key: material_number
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: output_material_input
-            label: 物料编号
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: 将物料从加热台移动到输出位置Cn
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                material_number:
-                  description: 物料编号，用于确定输出位置Cn
-                  type: integer
-                station_id:
-                  description: 加热台ID，1-3，从上一节点传入
-                  type: integer
-              required:
-              - station_id
-              - material_number
-              type: object
-            result:
-              description: move_to_output 返回类型
-              properties:
-                material_id:
-                  title: Material Id
-                  type: string
-                station_id:
-                  title: Station Id
-                  type: integer
-                success:
-                  title: Success
-                  type: boolean
-              required:
-              - success
-              - station_id
-              - material_id
-              title: MoveToOutputResult
-              type: object
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: move_to_output参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
-      auto-prepare_materials:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          count: 5
-        handles:
-          output:
-          - data_key: material_1
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: channel_1
-            label: 实验1
-          - data_key: material_2
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: channel_2
-            label: 实验2
-          - data_key: material_3
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: channel_3
-            label: 实验3
-          - data_key: material_4
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: channel_4
-            label: 实验4
-          - data_key: material_5
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: channel_5
-            label: 实验5
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: 批量准备物料 - 虚拟起始节点，生成A1-A5物料，输出5个handle供后续节点使用
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                count:
-                  default: 5
-                  description: 待生成的物料数量，默认5 (生成 A1-A5)
-                  type: integer
-              required: []
-              type: object
-            result:
-              description: prepare_materials 返回类型 - 批量准备物料
-              properties:
-                count:
-                  title: Count
-                  type: integer
-                material_1:
-                  title: Material 1
-                  type: integer
-                material_2:
-                  title: Material 2
-                  type: integer
-                material_3:
-                  title: Material 3
-                  type: integer
-                material_4:
-                  title: Material 4
-                  type: integer
-                material_5:
-                  title: Material 5
-                  type: integer
-                message:
-                  title: Message
-                  type: string
-                success:
-                  title: Success
-                  type: boolean
-              required:
-              - success
-              - count
-              - material_1
-              - material_2
-              - material_3
-              - material_4
-              - material_5
-              - message
-              title: PrepareMaterialsResult
-              type: object
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: prepare_materials参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
-      auto-start_heating:
-        feedback: {}
-        goal: {}
-        goal_default:
-          material_number: null
-          station_id: null
-        handles:
-          input:
-          - data_key: station_id
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: workbench_station
-            handler_key: station_id_input
-            label: 加热台ID
-          - data_key: material_number
-            data_source: handle
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: material_number_input
-            label: 物料编号
-          output:
-          - data_key: station_id
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_station
-            handler_key: heating_done_station
-            label: 加热完成-加热台ID
-          - data_key: material_number
-            data_source: executor
-            data_type: workbench_material
-            handler_key: heating_done_material
-            label: 加热完成-物料编号
-        placeholder_keys: {}
-        result: {}
-        schema:
-          description: 启动指定加热台的加热程序
-          properties:
-            feedback: {}
-            goal:
-              properties:
-                material_number:
-                  description: 物料编号，从上一节点传入
-                  type: integer
-                station_id:
-                  description: 加热台ID，1-3，从上一节点传入
-                  type: integer
-              required:
-              - station_id
-              - material_number
-              type: object
-            result:
-              description: start_heating 返回类型
-              properties:
-                material_id:
-                  title: Material Id
-                  type: string
-                material_number:
-                  title: Material Number
-                  type: integer
-                message:
-                  title: Message
-                  type: string
-                station_id:
-                  title: Station Id
-                  type: integer
-                success:
-                  title: Success
-                  type: boolean
-              required:
-              - success
-              - station_id
-              - material_id
-              - material_number
-              - message
-              title: StartHeatingResult
-              type: object
-          required:
-          - goal
-          title: start_heating参数
-          type: object
-        type: UniLabJsonCommand
-    module: unilabos.devices.virtual.workbench:VirtualWorkbench
-    status_types:
-      active_tasks_count: int
-      arm_current_task: str
-      arm_state: str
-      heating_station_1_material: str
-      heating_station_1_progress: float
-      heating_station_1_state: str
-      heating_station_2_material: str
-      heating_station_2_progress: float
-      heating_station_2_state: str
-      heating_station_3_material: str
-      heating_station_3_progress: float
-      heating_station_3_state: str
-      message: str
-      status: str
-    type: python
-  config_info: []
-  description: Virtual Workbench with 1 robotic arm and 3 heating stations for concurrent
-    material processing
-  handles: []
-  icon: ''
-  init_param_schema:
-    config:
-      properties:
-        config:
-          type: string
-        device_id:
-          type: string
-      required: []
-      type: object
-    data:
-      properties:
-        active_tasks_count:
-          type: integer
-        arm_current_task:
-          type: string
-        arm_state:
-          type: string
-        heating_station_1_material:
-          type: string
-        heating_station_1_progress:
-          type: number
-        heating_station_1_state:
-          type: string
-        heating_station_2_material:
-          type: string
-        heating_station_2_progress:
-          type: number
-        heating_station_2_state:
-          type: string
-        heating_station_3_material:
-          type: string
-        heating_station_3_progress:
-          type: number
-        heating_station_3_state:
-          type: string
-        message:
-          type: string
-        status:
-          type: string
-      required:
-      - status
-      - arm_state
-      - arm_current_task
-      - heating_station_1_state
-      - heating_station_1_material
-      - heating_station_1_progress
-      - heating_station_2_state
-      - heating_station_2_material
-      - heating_station_2_progress
-      - heating_station_3_state
-      - heating_station_3_material
-      - heating_station_3_progress
-      - active_tasks_count
-      - message
-      type: object
-  version: 1.0.0
--- a/unilabos/registry/registry.py
+++ b/unilabos/registry/registry.py
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import os
 import sys
 import inspect
 import importlib
-import threading
-from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Union, Tuple

@@ -62,7 +60,6 @@ class Registry:
        self.device_module_to_registry = {}
        self.resource_type_registry = {}
        self._setup_called = False  # 跟踪setup是否已调用
-        self._registry_lock = threading.Lock()  # 多线程加载时的锁
        # 其他状态变量
        # self.is_host_mode = False  # 移至BasicConfig中

@@ -74,20 +71,6 @@ class Registry:

        from unilabos.app.web.utils.action_utils import get_yaml_from_goal_type

-        # 获取 HostNode 类的增强信息，用于自动生成 action schema
-        host_node_enhanced_info = get_enhanced_class_info(
-            "unilabos.ros.nodes.presets.host_node:HostNode", use_dynamic=True
-        )
-
-        # 为 test_latency 生成 schema，保留原有 description
-        test_latency_method_info = host_node_enhanced_info.get("action_methods", {}).get("test_latency", {})
-        test_latency_schema = self._generate_unilab_json_command_schema(
-            test_latency_method_info.get("args", []),
-            "test_latency",
-            test_latency_method_info.get("return_annotation"),
-        )
-        test_latency_schema["description"] = "用于测试延迟的动作，返回延迟时间和时间差。"
-
        self.device_type_registry.update(
            {
                "host_node": {
@@ -170,18 +153,14 @@ class Registry:
                                },
                            },
                            "test_latency": {
-                                "type": (
-                                    "UniLabJsonCommandAsync"
-                                    if test_latency_method_info.get("is_async", False)
-                                    else "UniLabJsonCommand"
-                                ),
+                                "type": self.EmptyIn,
                                "goal": {},
                                "feedback": {},
                                "result": {},
-                                "schema": test_latency_schema,
-                                "goal_default": {
-                                    arg["name"]: arg["default"] for arg in test_latency_method_info.get("args", [])
-                                },
+                                "schema": ros_action_to_json_schema(
+                                    self.EmptyIn, "用于测试延迟的动作，返回延迟时间和时间差。"
+                                ),
+                                "goal_default": {},
                                "handles": {},
                            },
                            "auto-test_resource": {
@@ -264,115 +243,67 @@ class Registry:
        # 标记setup已被调用
        self._setup_called = True

-    def _load_single_resource_file(
-        self, file: Path, complete_registry: bool, upload_registry: bool
-    ) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any], bool]:
-        """
-        加载单个资源文件 (线程安全)
-
-        Returns:
-            (data, complete_data, is_valid): 资源数据, 完整数据, 是否有效
-        """
-        try:
-            with open(file, encoding="utf-8", mode="r") as f:
-                data = yaml.safe_load(io.StringIO(f.read()))
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.warning(f"[UniLab Registry] 读取资源文件失败: {file}, 错误: {e}")
-            return {}, {}, False
-
-        if not data:
-            return {}, {}, False
-
-        complete_data = {}
-        for resource_id, resource_info in data.items():
-            if "version" not in resource_info:
-                resource_info["version"] = "1.0.0"
-            if "category" not in resource_info:
-                resource_info["category"] = [file.stem]
-            elif file.stem not in resource_info["category"]:
-                resource_info["category"].append(file.stem)
-            elif not isinstance(resource_info.get("category"), list):
-                resource_info["category"] = [resource_info["category"]]
-            if "config_info" not in resource_info:
-                resource_info["config_info"] = []
-            if "icon" not in resource_info:
-                resource_info["icon"] = ""
-            if "handles" not in resource_info:
-                resource_info["handles"] = []
-            if "init_param_schema" not in resource_info:
-                resource_info["init_param_schema"] = {}
-            if "config_info" in resource_info:
-                del resource_info["config_info"]
-            if "file_path" in resource_info:
-                del resource_info["file_path"]
-            complete_data[resource_id] = copy.deepcopy(dict(sorted(resource_info.items())))
-            if upload_registry:
-                class_info = resource_info.get("class", {})
-                if len(class_info) and "module" in class_info:
-                    if class_info.get("type") == "pylabrobot":
-                        res_class = get_class(class_info["module"])
-                        if callable(res_class) and not isinstance(res_class, type):
-                            res_instance = res_class(res_class.__name__)
-                            res_ulr = tree_to_list([resource_plr_to_ulab(res_instance)])
-                            resource_info["config_info"] = res_ulr
-            resource_info["registry_type"] = "resource"
-            resource_info["file_path"] = str(file.absolute()).replace("\\", "/")
-
-        complete_data = dict(sorted(complete_data.items()))
-        complete_data = copy.deepcopy(complete_data)
-
-        if complete_registry:
-            try:
-                with open(file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-                    yaml.dump(complete_data, f, allow_unicode=True, default_flow_style=False, Dumper=NoAliasDumper)
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.warning(f"[UniLab Registry] 写入资源文件失败: {file}, 错误: {e}")
-
-        return data, complete_data, True
-
    def load_resource_types(self, path: os.PathLike, complete_registry: bool, upload_registry: bool):
        abs_path = Path(path).absolute()
        resource_path = abs_path / "resources"
        files = list(resource_path.glob("*/*.yaml"))
-        logger.debug(f"[UniLab Registry] resources: {resource_path.exists()}, total: {len(files)}")
-
-        if not files:
-            return
-
-        # 使用线程池并行加载
-        max_workers = min(8, len(files))
-        results = []
-
-        with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
-            future_to_file = {
-                executor.submit(self._load_single_resource_file, file, complete_registry, upload_registry): file
-                for file in files
-            }
-            for future in as_completed(future_to_file):
-                file = future_to_file[future]
-                try:
-                    data, complete_data, is_valid = future.result()
-                    if is_valid:
-                        results.append((file, data))
-                except Exception as e:
-                    logger.warning(f"[UniLab Registry] 处理资源文件异常: {file}, 错误: {e}")
-
-        # 线程安全地更新注册表
+        logger.trace(f"[UniLab Registry] load resources? {resource_path.exists()}, total: {len(files)}")
        current_resource_number = len(self.resource_type_registry) + 1
-        with self._registry_lock:
-            for i, (file, data) in enumerate(results):
+        for i, file in enumerate(files):
+            with open(file, encoding="utf-8", mode="r") as f:
+                data = yaml.safe_load(io.StringIO(f.read()))
+            complete_data = {}
+            if data:
+                # 为每个资源添加文件路径信息
+                for resource_id, resource_info in data.items():
+                    if "version" not in resource_info:
+                        resource_info["version"] = "1.0.0"
+                    if "category" not in resource_info:
+                        resource_info["category"] = [file.stem]
+                    elif file.stem not in resource_info["category"]:
+                        resource_info["category"].append(file.stem)
+                    elif not isinstance(resource_info.get("category"), list):
+                        resource_info["category"] = [resource_info["category"]]
+                    if "config_info" not in resource_info:
+                        resource_info["config_info"] = []
+                    if "icon" not in resource_info:
+                        resource_info["icon"] = ""
+                    if "handles" not in resource_info:
+                        resource_info["handles"] = []
+                    if "init_param_schema" not in resource_info:
+                        resource_info["init_param_schema"] = {}
+                    if "config_info" in resource_info:
+                        del resource_info["config_info"]
+                    if "file_path" in resource_info:
+                        del resource_info["file_path"]
+                    complete_data[resource_id] = copy.deepcopy(dict(sorted(resource_info.items())))
+                    if upload_registry:
+                        class_info = resource_info.get("class", {})
+                        if len(class_info) and "module" in class_info:
+                            if class_info.get("type") == "pylabrobot":
+                                res_class = get_class(class_info["module"])
+                                if callable(res_class) and not isinstance(
+                                    res_class, type
+                                ):  # 有的是类，有的是函数，这里暂时只登记函数类的
+                                    res_instance = res_class(res_class.__name__)
+                                    res_ulr = tree_to_list([resource_plr_to_ulab(res_instance)])
+                                    resource_info["config_info"] = res_ulr
+                    resource_info["registry_type"] = "resource"
+                    resource_info["file_path"] = str(file.absolute()).replace("\\", "/")
+                complete_data = dict(sorted(complete_data.items()))
+                complete_data = copy.deepcopy(complete_data)
+                if complete_registry:
+                    with open(file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                        yaml.dump(complete_data, f, allow_unicode=True, default_flow_style=False, Dumper=NoAliasDumper)
+
                self.resource_type_registry.update(data)
-                logger.trace(
-                    f"[UniLab Registry] Resource-{current_resource_number} File-{i+1}/{len(results)} "
+                logger.trace(  # type: ignore
+                    f"[UniLab Registry] Resource-{current_resource_number} File-{i+1}/{len(files)} "
                    + f"Add {list(data.keys())}"
                )
                current_resource_number += 1
-
-        # 记录无效文件
-        valid_files = {r[0] for r in results}
-        for file in files:
-            if file not in valid_files:
-                logger.debug(f"[UniLab Registry] Res File Not Valid YAML File: {file.absolute()}")
+            else:
+                logger.debug(f"[UniLab Registry] Res File-{i+1}/{len(files)} Not Valid YAML File: {file.absolute()}")

    def _extract_class_docstrings(self, module_string: str) -> Dict[str, str]:
        """
@@ -549,11 +480,7 @@ class Registry:
        return status_schema

    def _generate_unilab_json_command_schema(
-        self,
-        method_args: List[Dict[str, Any]],
-        method_name: str,
-        return_annotation: Any = None,
-        previous_schema: Dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        self, method_args: List[Dict[str, Any]], method_name: str, return_annotation: Any = None
    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """
        根据UniLabJsonCommand方法信息生成JSON Schema，暂不支持嵌套类型
@@ -562,7 +489,6 @@ class Registry:
            method_args: 方法信息字典，包含args等
            method_name: 方法名称
            return_annotation: 返回类型注解，用于生成result schema（仅支持TypedDict）
-            previous_schema: 之前的 schema，用于保留 goal/feedback/result 下一级字段的 description

        Returns:
            JSON Schema格式的参数schema
@@ -596,7 +522,7 @@ class Registry:
        if return_annotation is not None and self._is_typed_dict(return_annotation):
            result_schema = self._generate_typed_dict_result_schema(return_annotation)

-        final_schema = {
+        return {
            "title": f"{method_name}参数",
            "description": f"",
            "type": "object",
@@ -604,40 +530,6 @@ class Registry:
            "required": ["goal"],
        }

-        # 保留之前 schema 中 goal/feedback/result 下一级字段的 description
-        if previous_schema:
-            self._preserve_field_descriptions(final_schema, previous_schema)
-
-        return final_schema
-
-    def _preserve_field_descriptions(self, new_schema: Dict[str, Any], previous_schema: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-        """
-        保留之前 schema 中 goal/feedback/result 下一级字段的 description 和 title
-
-        Args:
-            new_schema: 新生成的 schema（会被修改）
-            previous_schema: 之前的 schema
-        """
-        for section in ["goal", "feedback", "result"]:
-            new_section = new_schema.get("properties", {}).get(section, {})
-            prev_section = previous_schema.get("properties", {}).get(section, {})
-
-            if not new_section or not prev_section:
-                continue
-
-            new_props = new_section.get("properties", {})
-            prev_props = prev_section.get("properties", {})
-
-            for field_name, field_schema in new_props.items():
-                if field_name in prev_props:
-                    prev_field = prev_props[field_name]
-                    # 保留字段的 description
-                    if "description" in prev_field and prev_field["description"]:
-                        field_schema["description"] = prev_field["description"]
-                    # 保留字段的 title（用户自定义的中文名）
-                    if "title" in prev_field and prev_field["title"]:
-                        field_schema["title"] = prev_field["title"]
-
    def _is_typed_dict(self, annotation: Any) -> bool:
        """
        检查类型注解是否是TypedDict
@@ -724,244 +616,209 @@ class Registry:
                "handles": {},
            }

-    def _load_single_device_file(
-        self, file: Path, complete_registry: bool, get_yaml_from_goal_type
-    ) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any], bool, List[str]]:
-        """
-        加载单个设备文件 (线程安全)
-
-        Returns:
-            (data, complete_data, is_valid, device_ids): 设备数据, 完整数据, 是否有效, 设备ID列表
-        """
-        try:
-            with open(file, encoding="utf-8", mode="r") as f:
-                data = yaml.safe_load(io.StringIO(f.read()))
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.warning(f"[UniLab Registry] 读取设备文件失败: {file}, 错误: {e}")
-            return {}, {}, False, []
-
-        if not data:
-            return {}, {}, False, []
-
-        complete_data = {}
-        action_str_type_mapping = {
-            "UniLabJsonCommand": "UniLabJsonCommand",
-            "UniLabJsonCommandAsync": "UniLabJsonCommandAsync",
-        }
-        status_str_type_mapping = {}
-        device_ids = []
-
-        for device_id, device_config in data.items():
-            if "version" not in device_config:
-                device_config["version"] = "1.0.0"
-            if "category" not in device_config:
-                device_config["category"] = [file.stem]
-            elif file.stem not in device_config["category"]:
-                device_config["category"].append(file.stem)
-            if "config_info" not in device_config:
-                device_config["config_info"] = []
-            if "description" not in device_config:
-                device_config["description"] = ""
-            if "icon" not in device_config:
-                device_config["icon"] = ""
-            if "handles" not in device_config:
-                device_config["handles"] = []
-            if "init_param_schema" not in device_config:
-                device_config["init_param_schema"] = {}
-            if "class" in device_config:
-                if "status_types" not in device_config["class"] or device_config["class"]["status_types"] is None:
-                    device_config["class"]["status_types"] = {}
-                if (
-                    "action_value_mappings" not in device_config["class"]
-                    or device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] is None
-                ):
-                    device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] = {}
-                enhanced_info = {}
-                if complete_registry:
-                    device_config["class"]["status_types"].clear()
-                    enhanced_info = get_enhanced_class_info(device_config["class"]["module"], use_dynamic=True)
-                    if not enhanced_info.get("dynamic_import_success", False):
-                        continue
-                    device_config["class"]["status_types"].update(
-                        {k: v["return_type"] for k, v in enhanced_info["status_methods"].items()}
-                    )
-                for status_name, status_type in device_config["class"]["status_types"].items():
-                    if isinstance(status_type, tuple) or status_type in ["Any", "None", "Unknown"]:
-                        status_type = "String"
-                        device_config["class"]["status_types"][status_name] = status_type
-                    try:
-                        target_type = self._replace_type_with_class(status_type, device_id, f"状态 {status_name}")
-                    except ROSMsgNotFound:
-                        continue
-                    if target_type in [dict, list]:
-                        target_type = String
-                    status_str_type_mapping[status_type] = target_type
-                device_config["class"]["status_types"] = dict(sorted(device_config["class"]["status_types"].items()))
-                if complete_registry:
-                    old_action_configs = {}
-                    for action_name, action_config in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items():
-                        old_action_configs[action_name] = action_config
-
-                    device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] = {
-                        k: v
-                        for k, v in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items()
-                        if not k.startswith("auto-")
-                    }
-                    device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].update(
-                        {
-                            f"auto-{k}": {
-                                "type": "UniLabJsonCommandAsync" if v["is_async"] else "UniLabJsonCommand",
-                                "goal": {},
-                                "feedback": {},
-                                "result": {},
-                                "schema": self._generate_unilab_json_command_schema(
-                                    v["args"],
-                                    k,
-                                    v.get("return_annotation"),
-                                    old_action_configs.get(f"auto-{k}", {}).get("schema"),
-                                ),
-                                "goal_default": {i["name"]: i["default"] for i in v["args"]},
-                                "handles": old_action_configs.get(f"auto-{k}", {}).get("handles", []),
-                                "placeholder_keys": {
-                                    i["name"]: (
-                                        "unilabos_resources"
-                                        if i["type"] == "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot"
-                                        or i["type"] == ("list", "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot")
-                                        else "unilabos_devices"
-                                    )
-                                    for i in v["args"]
-                                    if i.get("type", "")
-                                    in [
-                                        "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot",
-                                        "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:DeviceSlot",
-                                        ("list", "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot"),
-                                        ("list", "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:DeviceSlot"),
-                                    ]
-                                },
-                            }
-                            for k, v in enhanced_info["action_methods"].items()
-                            if k not in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"]
-                        }
-                    )
-                    for action_name, old_config in old_action_configs.items():
-                        if action_name in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"]:
-                            old_schema = old_config.get("schema", {})
-                            if "description" in old_schema and old_schema["description"]:
-                                device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"][action_name]["schema"][
-                                    "description"
-                                ] = old_schema["description"]
-                    device_config["init_param_schema"] = {}
-                    device_config["init_param_schema"]["config"] = self._generate_unilab_json_command_schema(
-                        enhanced_info["init_params"], "__init__"
-                    )["properties"]["goal"]
-                    device_config["init_param_schema"]["data"] = self._generate_status_types_schema(
-                        enhanced_info["status_methods"]
-                    )
-
-                device_config.pop("schema", None)
-                device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] = dict(
-                    sorted(device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items())
-                )
-                for action_name, action_config in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items():
-                    if "handles" not in action_config:
-                        action_config["handles"] = {}
-                    elif isinstance(action_config["handles"], list):
-                        if len(action_config["handles"]):
-                            logger.error(f"设备{device_id} {action_name} 的handles配置错误，应该是字典类型")
-                            continue
-                        else:
-                            action_config["handles"] = {}
-                    if "type" in action_config:
-                        action_type_str: str = action_config["type"]
-                        if not action_type_str.startswith("UniLabJsonCommand"):
-                            try:
-                                target_type = self._replace_type_with_class(
-                                    action_type_str, device_id, f"动作 {action_name}"
-                                )
-                            except ROSMsgNotFound:
-                                continue
-                            action_str_type_mapping[action_type_str] = target_type
-                            if target_type is not None:
-                                action_config["goal_default"] = yaml.safe_load(
-                                    io.StringIO(get_yaml_from_goal_type(target_type.Goal))
-                                )
-                                action_config["schema"] = ros_action_to_json_schema(target_type)
-                            else:
-                                logger.warning(
-                                    f"[UniLab Registry] 设备 {device_id} 的动作 {action_name} 类型为空，跳过替换"
-                                )
-                complete_data[device_id] = copy.deepcopy(dict(sorted(device_config.items())))
-                for status_name, status_type in device_config["class"]["status_types"].items():
-                    device_config["class"]["status_types"][status_name] = status_str_type_mapping[status_type]
-                for action_name, action_config in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items():
-                    if action_config["type"] not in action_str_type_mapping:
-                        continue
-                    action_config["type"] = action_str_type_mapping[action_config["type"]]
-                self._add_builtin_actions(device_config, device_id)
-            device_config["file_path"] = str(file.absolute()).replace("\\", "/")
-            device_config["registry_type"] = "device"
-            device_ids.append(device_id)
-
-        complete_data = dict(sorted(complete_data.items()))
-        complete_data = copy.deepcopy(complete_data)
-        try:
-            with open(file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-                yaml.dump(complete_data, f, allow_unicode=True, default_flow_style=False, Dumper=NoAliasDumper)
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.warning(f"[UniLab Registry] 写入设备文件失败: {file}, 错误: {e}")
-
-        return data, complete_data, True, device_ids
-
    def load_device_types(self, path: os.PathLike, complete_registry: bool):
+        # return
        abs_path = Path(path).absolute()
        devices_path = abs_path / "devices"
        device_comms_path = abs_path / "device_comms"
        files = list(devices_path.glob("*.yaml")) + list(device_comms_path.glob("*.yaml"))
-        logger.trace(
+        logger.trace(  # type: ignore
            f"[UniLab Registry] devices: {devices_path.exists()}, device_comms: {device_comms_path.exists()}, "
            + f"total: {len(files)}"
        )
-
-        if not files:
-            return
-
+        current_device_number = len(self.device_type_registry) + 1
        from unilabos.app.web.utils.action_utils import get_yaml_from_goal_type

-        # 使用线程池并行加载
-        max_workers = min(8, len(files))
-        results = []
-
-        with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
-            future_to_file = {
-                executor.submit(self._load_single_device_file, file, complete_registry, get_yaml_from_goal_type): file
-                for file in files
+        for i, file in enumerate(files):
+            with open(file, encoding="utf-8", mode="r") as f:
+                data = yaml.safe_load(io.StringIO(f.read()))
+            complete_data = {}
+            action_str_type_mapping = {
+                "UniLabJsonCommand": "UniLabJsonCommand",
+                "UniLabJsonCommandAsync": "UniLabJsonCommandAsync",
            }
-            for future in as_completed(future_to_file):
-                file = future_to_file[future]
-                try:
-                    data, complete_data, is_valid, device_ids = future.result()
-                    if is_valid:
-                        results.append((file, data, device_ids))
-                except Exception as e:
-                    logger.warning(f"[UniLab Registry] 处理设备文件异常: {file}, 错误: {e}")
+            status_str_type_mapping = {}
+            if data:
+                # 在添加到注册表前处理类型替换
+                for device_id, device_config in data.items():
+                    # 添加文件路径信息 - 使用规范化的完整文件路径
+                    if "version" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["version"] = "1.0.0"
+                    if "category" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["category"] = [file.stem]
+                    elif file.stem not in device_config["category"]:
+                        device_config["category"].append(file.stem)
+                    if "config_info" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["config_info"] = []
+                    if "description" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["description"] = ""
+                    if "icon" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["icon"] = ""
+                    if "handles" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["handles"] = []
+                    if "init_param_schema" not in device_config:
+                        device_config["init_param_schema"] = {}
+                    if "class" in device_config:
+                        if (
+                            "status_types" not in device_config["class"]
+                            or device_config["class"]["status_types"] is None
+                        ):
+                            device_config["class"]["status_types"] = {}
+                        if (
+                            "action_value_mappings" not in device_config["class"]
+                            or device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] is None
+                        ):
+                            device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] = {}
+                        enhanced_info = {}
+                        if complete_registry:
+                            device_config["class"]["status_types"].clear()
+                            enhanced_info = get_enhanced_class_info(device_config["class"]["module"], use_dynamic=True)
+                            if not enhanced_info.get("dynamic_import_success", False):
+                                continue
+                            device_config["class"]["status_types"].update(
+                                {k: v["return_type"] for k, v in enhanced_info["status_methods"].items()}
+                            )
+                        for status_name, status_type in device_config["class"]["status_types"].items():
+                            if isinstance(status_type, tuple) or status_type in ["Any", "None", "Unknown"]:
+                                status_type = "String"  # 替换成ROS的String，便于显示
+                                device_config["class"]["status_types"][status_name] = status_type
+                            try:
+                                target_type = self._replace_type_with_class(
+                                    status_type, device_id, f"状态 {status_name}"
+                                )
+                            except ROSMsgNotFound:
+                                continue
+                            if target_type in [
+                                dict,
+                                list,
+                            ]:  # 对于嵌套类型返回的对象，暂时处理成字符串，无法直接进行转换
+                                target_type = String
+                            status_str_type_mapping[status_type] = target_type
+                        device_config["class"]["status_types"] = dict(
+                            sorted(device_config["class"]["status_types"].items())
+                        )
+                        if complete_registry:
+                            # 保存原有的description信息
+                            old_descriptions = {}
+                            for action_name, action_config in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items():
+                                if "description" in action_config.get("schema", {}):
+                                    description = action_config["schema"]["description"]
+                                    if len(description):
+                                        old_descriptions[action_name] = action_config["schema"]["description"]

-        # 线程安全地更新注册表
-        current_device_number = len(self.device_type_registry) + 1
-        with self._registry_lock:
-            for file, data, device_ids in results:
-                self.device_type_registry.update(data)
-                for device_id in device_ids:
-                    logger.trace(
-                        f"[UniLab Registry] Device-{current_device_number} Add {device_id} "
+                            device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] = {
+                                k: v
+                                for k, v in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items()
+                                if not k.startswith("auto-")
+                            }
+                            # 处理动作值映射
+                            device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].update(
+                                {
+                                    f"auto-{k}": {
+                                        "type": "UniLabJsonCommandAsync" if v["is_async"] else "UniLabJsonCommand",
+                                        "goal": {},
+                                        "feedback": {},
+                                        "result": {},
+                                        "schema": self._generate_unilab_json_command_schema(
+                                            v["args"], k, v.get("return_annotation")
+                                        ),
+                                        "goal_default": {i["name"]: i["default"] for i in v["args"]},
+                                        "handles": [],
+                                        "placeholder_keys": {
+                                            i["name"]: (
+                                                "unilabos_resources"
+                                                if i["type"] == "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot"
+                                                or i["type"]
+                                                == ("list", "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot")
+                                                else "unilabos_devices"
+                                            )
+                                            for i in v["args"]
+                                            if i.get("type", "")
+                                            in [
+                                                "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot",
+                                                "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:DeviceSlot",
+                                                ("list", "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:ResourceSlot"),
+                                                ("list", "unilabos.registry.placeholder_type:DeviceSlot"),
+                                            ]
+                                        },
+                                    }
+                                    # 不生成已配置action的动作
+                                    for k, v in enhanced_info["action_methods"].items()
+                                    if k not in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"]
+                                }
+                            )
+                            # 恢复原有的description信息（auto开头的不修改）
+                            for action_name, description in old_descriptions.items():
+                                if action_name in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"]:  # 有一些会被删除
+                                    device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"][action_name]["schema"][
+                                        "description"
+                                    ] = description
+                            device_config["init_param_schema"] = {}
+                            device_config["init_param_schema"]["config"] = self._generate_unilab_json_command_schema(
+                                enhanced_info["init_params"], "__init__"
+                            )["properties"]["goal"]
+                            device_config["init_param_schema"]["data"] = self._generate_status_types_schema(
+                                enhanced_info["status_methods"]
+                            )
+
+                        device_config.pop("schema", None)
+                        device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"] = dict(
+                            sorted(device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items())
+                        )
+                        for action_name, action_config in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items():
+                            if "handles" not in action_config:
+                                action_config["handles"] = {}
+                            elif isinstance(action_config["handles"], list):
+                                if len(action_config["handles"]):
+                                    logger.error(f"设备{device_id} {action_name} 的handles配置错误，应该是字典类型")
+                                    continue
+                                else:
+                                    action_config["handles"] = {}
+                            if "type" in action_config:
+                                action_type_str: str = action_config["type"]
+                                # 通过Json发放指令，而不是通过特殊的ros action进行处理
+                                if not action_type_str.startswith("UniLabJsonCommand"):
+                                    try:
+                                        target_type = self._replace_type_with_class(
+                                            action_type_str, device_id, f"动作 {action_name}"
+                                        )
+                                    except ROSMsgNotFound:
+                                        continue
+                                    action_str_type_mapping[action_type_str] = target_type
+                                    if target_type is not None:
+                                        action_config["goal_default"] = yaml.safe_load(
+                                            io.StringIO(get_yaml_from_goal_type(target_type.Goal))
+                                        )
+                                        action_config["schema"] = ros_action_to_json_schema(target_type)
+                                    else:
+                                        logger.warning(
+                                            f"[UniLab Registry] 设备 {device_id} 的动作 {action_name} 类型为空，跳过替换"
+                                        )
+                        complete_data[device_id] = copy.deepcopy(dict(sorted(device_config.items())))  # 稍后dump到文件
+                        for status_name, status_type in device_config["class"]["status_types"].items():
+                            device_config["class"]["status_types"][status_name] = status_str_type_mapping[status_type]
+                        for action_name, action_config in device_config["class"]["action_value_mappings"].items():
+                            if action_config["type"] not in action_str_type_mapping:
+                                continue
+                            action_config["type"] = action_str_type_mapping[action_config["type"]]
+                        # 添加内置的驱动命令动作
+                        self._add_builtin_actions(device_config, device_id)
+                    device_config["file_path"] = str(file.absolute()).replace("\\", "/")
+                    device_config["registry_type"] = "device"
+                    logger.trace(  # type: ignore
+                        f"[UniLab Registry] Device-{current_device_number} File-{i+1}/{len(files)} Add {device_id} "
                        + f"[{data[device_id].get('name', '未命名设备')}]"
                    )
                    current_device_number += 1
-
-        # 记录无效文件
-        valid_files = {r[0] for r in results}
-        for file in files:
-            if file not in valid_files:
-                logger.debug(f"[UniLab Registry] Device File Not Valid YAML File: {file.absolute()}")
+                complete_data = dict(sorted(complete_data.items()))
+                complete_data = copy.deepcopy(complete_data)
+                with open(file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                    yaml.dump(complete_data, f, allow_unicode=True, default_flow_style=False, Dumper=NoAliasDumper)
+                self.device_type_registry.update(data)
+            else:
+                logger.debug(
+                    f"[UniLab Registry] Device File-{i+1}/{len(files)} Not Valid YAML File: {file.absolute()}"
+                )

    def obtain_registry_device_info(self):
        devices = []
--- a/unilabos/resources/graphio.py
+++ b/unilabos/resources/graphio.py
@@ -151,40 +151,12 @@ def canonicalize_links_ports(links: List[Dict[str, Any]], resource_tree_set: Res
    """
    # 构建 id 到 uuid 的映射
    id_to_uuid: Dict[str, str] = {}
-    uuid_to_id: Dict[str, str] = {}
    for node in resource_tree_set.all_nodes:
        id_to_uuid[node.res_content.id] = node.res_content.uuid
-        uuid_to_id[node.res_content.uuid] = node.res_content.id
-
-    # 第三遍处理：为每个 link 添加 source_uuid 和 target_uuid
-    for link in links:
-        source_id = link.get("source")
-        target_id = link.get("target")
-
-        # 添加 source_uuid
-        if source_id and source_id in id_to_uuid:
-            link["source_uuid"] = id_to_uuid[source_id]
-
-        # 添加 target_uuid
-        if target_id and target_id in id_to_uuid:
-            link["target_uuid"] = id_to_uuid[target_id]
-
-        source_uuid = link.get("source_uuid")
-        target_uuid = link.get("target_uuid")
-
-        # 添加 source_uuid
-        if source_uuid and source_uuid in uuid_to_id:
-            link["source"] = uuid_to_id[source_uuid]
-
-        # 添加 target_uuid
-        if target_uuid and target_uuid in uuid_to_id:
-            link["target"] = uuid_to_id[target_uuid]

    # 第一遍处理：将字符串类型的port转换为字典格式
    for link in links:
        port = link.get("port")
-        if port is None:
-            continue
        if link.get("type", "physical") == "physical":
            link["type"] = "fluid"
        if isinstance(port, int):
@@ -207,15 +179,13 @@ def canonicalize_links_ports(links: List[Dict[str, Any]], resource_tree_set: Res
            link["port"] = {link["source"]: None, link["target"]: None}

    # 构建边字典，键为(source节点, target节点)，值为对应的port信息
-    edges = {(link["source"], link["target"]): link["port"] for link in links if link.get("port")}
+    edges = {(link["source"], link["target"]): link["port"] for link in links}

    # 第二遍处理：填充反向边的dest信息
    delete_reverses = []
    for i, link in enumerate(links):
        s, t = link["source"], link["target"]
-        current_port = link.get("port")
-        if current_port is None:
-            continue
+        current_port = link["port"]
        if current_port.get(t) is None:
            reverse_key = (t, s)
            reverse_port = edges.get(reverse_key)
@@ -230,6 +200,20 @@ def canonicalize_links_ports(links: List[Dict[str, Any]], resource_tree_set: Res
                current_port[t] = current_port[s]
    # 删除已被使用反向端口信息的反向边
    standardized_links = [link for i, link in enumerate(links) if i not in delete_reverses]
+
+    # 第三遍处理：为每个 link 添加 source_uuid 和 target_uuid
+    for link in standardized_links:
+        source_id = link.get("source")
+        target_id = link.get("target")
+
+        # 添加 source_uuid
+        if source_id and source_id in id_to_uuid:
+            link["source_uuid"] = id_to_uuid[source_id]
+
+        # 添加 target_uuid
+        if target_id and target_id in id_to_uuid:
+            link["target_uuid"] = id_to_uuid[target_id]
+
    return standardized_links


@@ -276,7 +260,7 @@ def read_node_link_json(
    resource_tree_set = canonicalize_nodes_data(nodes)

    # 标准化边数据
-    links = data.get("links", data.get("edges", []))
+    links = data.get("links", [])
    standardized_links = canonicalize_links_ports(links, resource_tree_set)

    # 构建 NetworkX 图（需要转换回 dict 格式）
@@ -300,8 +284,6 @@ def modify_to_backend_format(data: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]
            edge["sourceHandle"] = port[source]
        elif "source_port" in edge:
            edge["sourceHandle"] = edge.pop("source_port")
-        elif "source_handle" in edge:
-            edge["sourceHandle"] = edge.pop("source_handle")
        else:
            typ = edge.get("type")
            if typ == "communication":
@@ -310,8 +292,6 @@ def modify_to_backend_format(data: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]
            edge["targetHandle"] = port[target]
        elif "target_port" in edge:
            edge["targetHandle"] = edge.pop("target_port")
-        elif "target_handle" in edge:
-            edge["targetHandle"] = edge.pop("target_handle")
        else:
            typ = edge.get("type")
            if typ == "communication":
@@ -617,8 +597,6 @@ def resource_plr_to_ulab(resource_plr: "ResourcePLR", parent_name: str = None, w
            "tube": "tube",
            "bottle_carrier": "bottle_carrier",
            "plate_adapter": "plate_adapter",
-            "electrode_sheet": "electrode_sheet",
-            "material_hole": "material_hole",
        }
        if source in replace_info:
            return replace_info[source]
--- a/unilabos/resources/itemized_carrier.py
+++ b/unilabos/resources/itemized_carrier.py
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ class ItemizedCarrier(ResourcePLR):
    category: Optional[str] = "carrier",
    model: Optional[str] = None,
    invisible_slots: Optional[str] = None,
-    content_type: Optional[List[str]] = ["bottle", "container", "tube", "bottle_carrier", "tip_rack"],
  ):
    super().__init__(
      name=name,
@@ -93,7 +92,6 @@ class ItemizedCarrier(ResourcePLR):
    self.num_items_x, self.num_items_y, self.num_items_z = num_items_x, num_items_y, num_items_z
    self.invisible_slots = [] if invisible_slots is None else invisible_slots
    self.layout = "z-y" if self.num_items_z > 1 and self.num_items_x == 1 else "x-z" if self.num_items_z > 1 and self.num_items_y == 1 else "x-y"
-    self.content_type = content_type

    if isinstance(sites, dict):
      sites = sites or {}
@@ -421,7 +419,7 @@ class ItemizedCarrier(ResourcePLR):
                        self[identifier] if isinstance(self[identifier], str) else None,
        "position": {"x": location.x, "y": location.y, "z": location.z},
        "size": self.child_size[identifier],
-        "content_type": self.content_type
+        "content_type": ["bottle", "container", "tube", "bottle_carrier", "tip_rack"]
      } for identifier, location in self.child_locations.items()]
    }

--- a/unilabos/resources/resource_tracker.py
+++ b/unilabos/resources/resource_tracker.py
@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from pylabrobot.resources import Resource as PLRResource


-EXTRA_CLASS = "unilabos_resource_class"
-
-
 class ResourceDictPositionSize(BaseModel):
    depth: float = Field(description="Depth", default=0.0)  # z
    width: float = Field(description="Width", default=0.0)  # x
@@ -396,7 +393,7 @@ class ResourceTreeSet(object):
                "parent": parent_resource,  # 直接传入 ResourceDict 对象
                "parent_uuid": parent_uuid,  # 使用 parent_uuid 而不是 parent 对象
                "type": replace_plr_type(d.get("category", "")),
-                "class": extra.get(EXTRA_CLASS, ""),
+                "class": d.get("class", ""),
                "position": pos,
                "pose": pos,
                "config": {
@@ -446,7 +443,7 @@ class ResourceTreeSet(object):
            trees.append(tree_instance)
        return cls(trees)

-    def to_plr_resources(self, skip_devices=True) -> List["PLRResource"]:
+    def to_plr_resources(self) -> List["PLRResource"]:
        """
        将 ResourceTreeSet 转换为 PLR 资源列表

@@ -471,7 +468,6 @@ class ResourceTreeSet(object):
            name_to_uuid[node.res_content.name] = node.res_content.uuid
            all_states[node.res_content.name] = node.res_content.data
            name_to_extra[node.res_content.name] = node.res_content.extra
-            name_to_extra[node.res_content.name][EXTRA_CLASS] = node.res_content.klass
            for child in node.children:
                collect_node_data(child, name_to_uuid, all_states, name_to_extra)

@@ -516,10 +512,7 @@ class ResourceTreeSet(object):
            plr_dict = node_to_plr_dict(tree.root_node, has_model)
            try:
                sub_cls = find_subclass(plr_dict["type"], PLRResource)
-                if skip_devices and plr_dict["type"] == "device":
-                    logger.info(f"跳过更新 {plr_dict['name']} 设备是class")
-                    continue
-                elif sub_cls is None:
+                if sub_cls is None:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"无法找到类型 {plr_dict['type']} 对应的 PLR 资源类。原始信息：{tree.root_node.res_content}"
                    )
@@ -527,10 +520,6 @@ class ResourceTreeSet(object):
                if "category" not in spec.parameters:
                    plr_dict.pop("category", None)
                plr_resource = sub_cls.deserialize(plr_dict, allow_marshal=True)
-                from pylabrobot.resources import Coordinate
-                from pylabrobot.serializer import deserialize
-                location = cast(Coordinate, deserialize(plr_dict["location"]))
-                plr_resource.location = location
                plr_resource.load_all_state(all_states)
                # 使用 DeviceNodeResourceTracker 设置 UUID 和 Extra
                tracker.loop_set_uuid(plr_resource, name_to_uuid)
@@ -987,7 +976,7 @@ class DeviceNodeResourceTracker(object):
                extra = name_to_extra_map[resource_name]
                self.set_resource_extra(res, extra)
                if len(extra):
-                    logger.trace(f"设置资源Extra: {resource_name} -> {extra}")
+                    logger.debug(f"设置资源Extra: {resource_name} -> {extra}")
                return 1
            return 0

--- a/unilabos/ros/msgs/message_converter.py
+++ b/unilabos/ros/msgs/message_converter.py
@@ -361,14 +361,7 @@ def convert_to_ros_msg(ros_msg_type: Union[Type, Any], obj: Any) -> Any:
        if hasattr(ros_msg, key):
            attr = getattr(ros_msg, key)
            if isinstance(attr, (float, int, str, bool)):
-                # 处理list类型的值，取第一个元素或抛出错误
-                if isinstance(value, list):
-                    if len(value) > 0:
-                        setattr(ros_msg, key, type(attr)(value[0]))
-                    else:
-                        setattr(ros_msg, key, type(attr)())  # 使用默认值
-                else:
-                    setattr(ros_msg, key, type(attr)(value))
+                setattr(ros_msg, key, type(attr)(value))
            elif isinstance(attr, (list, tuple)) and isinstance(value, Iterable):
                td = ros_msg.SLOT_TYPES[ind].value_type
                if isinstance(td, NamespacedType):
@@ -381,35 +374,9 @@ def convert_to_ros_msg(ros_msg_type: Union[Type, Any], obj: Any) -> Any:
                    setattr(ros_msg, key, [])  # FIXME
            elif "array.array" in str(type(attr)):
                if attr.typecode == "f" or attr.typecode == "d":
-                    # 如果是单个值，转换为列表
-                    if value is None:
-                        value = []
-                    elif not isinstance(value, Iterable) or isinstance(value, (str, bytes)):
-                        value = [value]
                    setattr(ros_msg, key, [float(i) for i in value])
                else:
-                    # 对于整数数组，需要确保是序列且每个值在有效范围内
-                    if value is None:
-                        value = []
-                    elif not isinstance(value, Iterable) or isinstance(value, (str, bytes)):
-                        # 如果是单个值，转换为列表
-                        value = [value]
-                    # 确保每个整数值在有效范围内（-2147483648 到 2147483647）
-                    converted_value = []
-                    for i in value:
-                        if i is None:
-                            continue  # 跳过 None 值
-                        if isinstance(i, (int, float)):
-                            int_val = int(i)
-                            # 确保在 int32 范围内
-                            if int_val < -2147483648:
-                                int_val = -2147483648
-                            elif int_val > 2147483647:
-                                int_val = 2147483647
-                            converted_value.append(int_val)
-                        else:
-                            converted_value.append(i)
-                    setattr(ros_msg, key, converted_value)
+                    setattr(ros_msg, key, value)
            else:
                nested_ros_msg = convert_to_ros_msg(type(attr)(), value)
                setattr(ros_msg, key, nested_ros_msg)
--- a/unilabos/ros/nodes/base_device_node.py
+++ b/unilabos/ros/nodes/base_device_node.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from ast import Try
 import inspect
 import io
 import json
@@ -886,9 +885,6 @@ class BaseROS2DeviceNode(Node, Generic[T]):
                                parent_appended = True

                # 加载状态
-                original_instance.location = plr_resource.location
-                original_instance.rotation = plr_resource.rotation
-                original_instance.barcode = plr_resource.barcode
                original_instance.load_all_state(states)
                child_count = len(original_instance.get_all_children())
                self.lab_logger().info(
@@ -1324,49 +1320,20 @@ class BaseROS2DeviceNode(Node, Generic[T]):
                            resource_inputs = action_kwargs[k] if is_sequence else [action_kwargs[k]]

                            # 批量查询资源
-                            queried_resources: list = [None] * len(resource_inputs)
-                            uuid_indices: list[tuple[int, str, dict]] = []  # (index, uuid, resource_data)
-
-                            # 第一遍：处理没有uuid的资源，收集有uuid的资源信息
-                            for idx, resource_data in enumerate(resource_inputs):
+                            queried_resources = []
+                            for resource_data in resource_inputs:
                                unilabos_uuid = resource_data.get("data", {}).get("unilabos_uuid")
                                if unilabos_uuid is None:
                                    plr_resource = await self.get_resource_with_dir(
                                        resource_id=resource_data["id"], with_children=True
                                    )
-                                    if "sample_id" in resource_data:
-                                        plr_resource.unilabos_extra["sample_uuid"] = resource_data["sample_id"]
-                                    queried_resources[idx] = plr_resource
                                else:
-                                    uuid_indices.append((idx, unilabos_uuid, resource_data))
+                                    resource_tree = await self.get_resource([unilabos_uuid])
+                                    plr_resource = resource_tree.to_plr_resources()[0]
+                                if "sample_id" in resource_data:
+                                    plr_resource.unilabos_extra["sample_uuid"] = resource_data["sample_id"]
+                                queried_resources.append(plr_resource)

-                            # 第二遍：批量查询有uuid的资源
-                            if uuid_indices:
-                                uuids = [item[1] for item in uuid_indices]
-                                resource_tree = await self.get_resource(uuids)
-                                plr_resources = resource_tree.to_plr_resources()
-                                for i, (idx, _, resource_data) in enumerate(uuid_indices):
-                                    plr_resource = plr_resources[i]
-                                    if "sample_id" in resource_data:
-                                        plr_resource.unilabos_extra["sample_uuid"] = resource_data["sample_id"]
-                                    queried_resources[idx] = plr_resource
-
-                            # 第二遍：批量查询有uuid的资源
-                            if uuid_indices:
-                                uuids = [item[1] for item in uuid_indices]
-                                resource_tree = await self.get_resource(uuids)
-                                plr_resources = resource_tree.to_plr_resources()
-                                # 通过uuid查找对应的plr_resource
-                                tracker = self.resource_tracker
-                                for idx, uuid, resource_data in uuid_indices:
-                                    try:
-                                        plr_resource = tracker.loop_find_with_uuid(plr_resources, uuid)
-                                        if "sample_id" in resource_data:
-                                            plr_resource.unilabos_extra["sample_uuid"] = resource_data["sample_id"]
-                                        queried_resources[idx] = plr_resource
-                                    except Exception as e:
-                                        self.lab_logger().error(f"资源查询失败: {e}\n{traceback.format_exc()}")
-                                        continue
                            self.lab_logger().debug(f"资源查询结果: 共 {len(queried_resources)} 个资源")

                            # 通过资源跟踪器获取本地实例
@@ -1501,8 +1468,6 @@ class BaseROS2DeviceNode(Node, Generic[T]):
                            if isinstance(rs, list):
                                for r in rs:
                                    res = self.resource_tracker.parent_resource(r)  # 获取 resource 对象
-                            elif type(rs).__name__ == "ResourceHolder":
-                                pass
                            else:
                                res = self.resource_tracker.parent_resource(rs)
                            if id(res) not in seen:
@@ -1601,7 +1566,7 @@ class BaseROS2DeviceNode(Node, Generic[T]):
                                    f"转换ResourceSlot列表参数 {arg_name} 失败: {e}\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
                                )
                                raise JsonCommandInitError(f"ResourceSlot列表参数转换失败: {arg_name}")
-            # todo: 默认反报送
+
            return function(**function_args)
        except KeyError as ex:
            raise JsonCommandInitError(
@@ -1634,8 +1599,8 @@ class BaseROS2DeviceNode(Node, Generic[T]):
        timeout = 30.0
        elapsed = 0.0
        while not future.done() and elapsed < timeout:
-            time.sleep(0.02)
-            elapsed += 0.02
+            time.sleep(0.05)
+            elapsed += 0.05

        if not future.done():
            raise Exception(f"资源查询超时: {uuids_list}")
--- a/unilabos/ros/nodes/presets/host_node.py
+++ b/unilabos/ros/nodes/presets/host_node.py
@@ -794,8 +794,7 @@ class HostNode(BaseROS2DeviceNode):
        assign_sample_id(action_kwargs)
        goal_msg = convert_to_ros_msg(action_client._action_type.Goal(), action_kwargs)

-        # self.lab_logger().trace(f"[Host Node] Sending goal for {action_id}: {str(goal_msg)[:1000]}")
-        self.lab_logger().trace(f"[Host Node] Sending goal for {action_id}: {action_kwargs}")
+        self.lab_logger().info(f"[Host Node] Sending goal for {action_id}: {str(goal_msg)[:1000]}")
        self.lab_logger().trace(f"[Host Node] Sending goal for {action_id}: {goal_msg}")
        action_client.wait_for_server()
        goal_uuid_obj = UUID(uuid=list(u.bytes))
@@ -1162,7 +1161,7 @@ class HostNode(BaseROS2DeviceNode):
        """
        更新节点信息回调
        """
-        self.lab_logger().trace(f"[Host Node] Node info update request received: {request}")
+        # self.lab_logger().info(f"[Host Node] Node info update request received: {request}")
        try:
            from unilabos.app.communication import get_communication_client
            from unilabos.app.web.client import HTTPClient, http_client
--- a/unilabos/ros/nodes/presets/workstation.py
+++ b/unilabos/ros/nodes/presets/workstation.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING

 import rclpy
 from rosidl_runtime_py import message_to_ordereddict
+from unilabos_msgs.msg import Resource
+from unilabos_msgs.srv import ResourceUpdate

 from unilabos.messages import *  # type: ignore  # protocol names
 from rclpy.action import ActionServer, ActionClient
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@ from rclpy.action.server import ServerGoalHandle
 from unilabos_msgs.srv._serial_command import SerialCommand_Request, SerialCommand_Response

 from unilabos.compile import action_protocol_generators
+from unilabos.resources.graphio import nested_dict_to_list
 from unilabos.ros.initialize_device import initialize_device_from_dict
 from unilabos.ros.msgs.message_converter import (
    get_action_type,
@@ -228,15 +231,15 @@ class ROS2WorkstationNode(BaseROS2DeviceNode):
                        try:
                            # 统一处理单个或多个资源
                            resource_id = (
-                                protocol_kwargs[k]["id"]
-                                if v == "unilabos_msgs/Resource"
-                                else protocol_kwargs[k][0]["id"]
+                                protocol_kwargs[k]["id"] if v == "unilabos_msgs/Resource" else protocol_kwargs[k][0]["id"]
                            )
                            resource_uuid = protocol_kwargs[k].get("uuid", None)
                            r = SerialCommand_Request()
                            r.command = json.dumps({"id": resource_id, "uuid": resource_uuid, "with_children": True})
                            # 发送请求并等待响应
-                            response: SerialCommand_Response = await self._resource_clients["resource_get"].call_async(
+                            response: SerialCommand_Response = await self._resource_clients[
+                                "resource_get"
+                            ].call_async(
                                r
                            )  # type: ignore
                            raw_data = json.loads(response.response)
@@ -304,52 +307,12 @@ class ROS2WorkstationNode(BaseROS2DeviceNode):

                # 向Host更新物料当前状态
                for k, v in goal.get_fields_and_field_types().items():
-                    if v not in ["unilabos_msgs/Resource", "sequence<unilabos_msgs/Resource>"]:
-                        continue
-                    self.lab_logger().info(f"更新资源状态: {k}")
-                    try:
-                        # 去重：使用 seen 集合获取唯一的资源对象
-                        seen = set()
-                        unique_resources = []
-
-                        # 获取资源数据，统一转换为列表
-                        resource_data = protocol_kwargs[k]
-                        is_sequence = v != "unilabos_msgs/Resource"
-                        if not is_sequence:
-                            resource_list = [resource_data] if isinstance(resource_data, dict) else resource_data
-                        else:
-                            # 处理序列类型，可能是嵌套列表
-                            resource_list = []
-                            if isinstance(resource_data, list):
-                                for item in resource_data:
-                                    if isinstance(item, list):
-                                        resource_list.extend(item)
-                                    else:
-                                        resource_list.append(item)
-                            else:
-                                resource_list = [resource_data]
-
-                        for res_data in resource_list:
-                            if not isinstance(res_data, dict):
-                                continue
-                            res_name = res_data.get("id") or res_data.get("name")
-                            if not res_name:
-                                continue
-
-                            # 使用 resource_tracker 获取本地 PLR 实例
-                            plr = self.resource_tracker.figure_resource({"name": res_name}, try_mode=False)
-                            # 获取父资源
-                            res = self.resource_tracker.parent_resource(plr)
-                            if id(res) not in seen:
-                                seen.add(id(res))
-                                unique_resources.append(res)
-
-                        # 使用新的资源树接口更新
-                        if unique_resources:
-                            await self.update_resource(unique_resources)
-                    except Exception as e:
-                        self.lab_logger().error(f"资源更新失败: {e}")
-                        self.lab_logger().error(traceback.format_exc())
+                    if v in ["unilabos_msgs/Resource", "sequence<unilabos_msgs/Resource>"]:
+                        r = ResourceUpdate.Request()
+                        r.resources = [
+                            convert_to_ros_msg(Resource, rs) for rs in nested_dict_to_list(protocol_kwargs[k])
+                        ]
+                        response = await self._resource_clients["resource_update"].call_async(r)

                # 设置成功状态和返回值
                execution_success = True
--- a/unilabos/test/experiments/prcxi_9320_no_res.json
+++ b/unilabos/test/experiments/prcxi_9320_no_res.json
@@ -1,836 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "nodes": [
-    {
-      "id": "PRCXI",
-      "name": "PRCXI",
-      "type": "device",
-      "class": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
-      "parent": "",
-      "pose": {
-        "size": {
-          "width": 550,
-          "height": 400,
-          "depth": 0
-        }
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "axis": "Left",
-        "deck": {
-          "_resource_type": "unilabos.devices.liquid_handling.prcxi.prcxi:PRCXI9300Deck",
-          "_resource_child_name": "PRCXI_Deck"
-        },
-        "host": "10.20.30.184",
-        "port": 9999,
-        "debug": false,
-        "setup": false,
-        "is_9320": true,
-        "timeout": 10,
-        "matrix_id": "5de524d0-3f95-406c-86dd-f83626ebc7cb",
-        "simulator": false,
-        "channel_num": 2
-      },
-      "data": {
-        "reset_ok": true
-      },
-      "schema": {},
-      "description": "",
-      "model": null,
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 700,
-        "z": 0
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "name": "PRCXI_Deck",
-
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI",
-      "type": "deck",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 0,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Deck",
-        "size_x": 550,
-        "size_y": 400,
-        "size_z": 17,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "deck",
-        "barcode": null
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T1",
-      "name": "T1",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 5,
-        "y": 301,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T1",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T2",
-      "name": "T2",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 142.5,
-        "y": 301,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T2",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T3",
-      "name": "T3",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 280,
-        "y": 301,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T3",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T4",
-      "name": "T4",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 417.5,
-        "y": 301,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 94,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T4",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T5",
-      "name": "T5",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 5,
-        "y": 205,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T5",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T6",
-      "name": "T6",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 142.5,
-        "y": 205,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T6",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T7",
-      "name": "T7",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 280,
-        "y": 205,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T7",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T8",
-      "name": "T8",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 417.5,
-        "y": 205,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T8",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T9",
-      "name": "T9",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 5,
-        "y": 109,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T9",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T10",
-      "name": "T10",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 142.5,
-        "y": 109,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T10",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T11",
-      "name": "T11",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 280,
-        "y": 109,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T11",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T12",
-      "name": "T12",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 417.5,
-        "y": 109,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T12",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T13",
-      "name": "T13",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 5,
-        "y": 13,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T13",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T14",
-      "name": "T14",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 142.5,
-        "y": 13,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T14",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T15",
-      "name": "T15",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 280,
-        "y": 13,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T15",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T16",
-      "name": "T16",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 417.5,
-        "y": 13,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300PlateAdapterSite",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 28,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T16",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "trash",
-      "name": "trash",
-
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "T16",
-      "type": "trash",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 0,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Trash",
-        "size_x": 127.5,
-        "size_y": 86,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "trash",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "max_volume": "Infinity",
-        "material_z_thickness": 0,
-        "compute_volume_from_height": null,
-        "compute_height_from_volume": null
-      },
-      "data": {
-        "liquids": [],
-        "pending_liquids": [],
-        "liquid_history": [],
-        "Material": {
-          "uuid": "730067cf07ae43849ddf4034299030e9"
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  ],
-  "edges": []
-}
--- a/unilabos/test/experiments/prcxi_9320_slim.json
+++ b/unilabos/test/experiments/prcxi_9320_slim.json
@@ -1,795 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "nodes": [
-    {
-      "id": "PRCXI",
-      "name": "PRCXI",
-      "type": "device",
-      "class": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
-      "parent": "",
-      "pose": {
-        "size": {
-          "width": 562,
-          "height": 394,
-          "depth": 0
-        }
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "axis": "Left",
-        "deck": {
-          "_resource_type": "unilabos.devices.liquid_handling.prcxi.prcxi:PRCXI9300Deck",
-          "_resource_child_name": "PRCXI_Deck"
-        },
-        "host": "10.20.30.184",
-        "port": 9999,
-        "debug": true,
-        "setup": true,
-        "is_9320": true,
-        "timeout": 10,
-        "matrix_id": "5de524d0-3f95-406c-86dd-f83626ebc7cb",
-        "simulator": true,
-        "channel_num": 2
-      },
-      "data": {
-        "reset_ok": true
-      },
-      "schema": {},
-      "description": "",
-      "model": null,
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 240,
-        "z": 0
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "name": "PRCXI_Deck",
-
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI",
-      "type": "deck",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 10,
-        "y": 10,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Deck",
-        "size_x": 542,
-        "size_y": 374,
-        "size_z": 0,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "deck",
-        "barcode": null
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T1",
-      "name": "T1",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 288,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T1",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T2",
-      "name": "T2",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 138,
-        "y": 288,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T2",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T3",
-      "name": "T3",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 276,
-        "y": 288,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T3",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T4",
-      "name": "T4",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 414,
-        "y": 288,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T4",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T5",
-      "name": "T5",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 192,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T5",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T6",
-      "name": "T6",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 138,
-        "y": 192,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T6",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T7",
-      "name": "T7",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 276,
-        "y": 192,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T7",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T8",
-      "name": "T8",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 414,
-        "y": 192,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T8",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T9",
-      "name": "T9",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 96,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T9",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T10",
-      "name": "T10",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 138,
-        "y": 96,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T10",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T11",
-      "name": "T11",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 276,
-        "y": 96,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T11",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T12",
-      "name": "T12",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 414,
-        "y": 96,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T12",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T13",
-      "name": "T13",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 0,
-        "y": 0,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T13",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T14",
-      "name": "T14",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 138,
-        "y": 0,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T14",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T15",
-      "name": "T15",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 276,
-        "y": 0,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T15",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "T16",
-      "name": "T16",
-      "children": [],
-      "parent": "PRCXI_Deck",
-      "type": "plate",
-      "class": "",
-      "position": {
-        "x": 414,
-        "y": 0,
-        "z": 0
-      },
-      "config": {
-        "type": "PRCXI9300Container",
-        "size_x": 127,
-        "size_y": 85.5,
-        "size_z": 10,
-        "rotation": {
-          "x": 0,
-          "y": 0,
-          "z": 0,
-          "type": "Rotation"
-        },
-        "category": "plate",
-        "model": null,
-        "barcode": null,
-        "ordering": {},
-        "sites": [
-          {
-            "label": "T16",
-            "visible": true,
-            "position": { "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": 0 },
-            "size": { "width": 128.0, "height": 86, "depth": 0 },
-            "content_type": [
-              "plate",
-              "tip_rack",
-              "plates",
-              "tip_racks",
-              "tube_rack"
-            ]
-          }
-        ]
-      },
-      "data": {}
-    }
-  ],
-  "edges": []
-}
--- a/unilabos/test/experiments/prcxi_9320_with_res_test.json
+++ b/unilabos/test/experiments/prcxi_9320_with_res_test.json
--- a/unilabos/utils/environment_check.py
+++ b/unilabos/utils/environment_check.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ class EnvironmentChecker:
            "msgcenterpy": "msgcenterpy",
            "opentrons_shared_data": "opentrons_shared_data",
            "typing_extensions": "typing_extensions",
-            "crcmod": "crcmod-plus",
        }

        # 特殊安装包（需要特殊处理的包）
--- a/unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
+++ b/unilabos/utils/requirements.txt
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-networkx
-typing_extensions
-websockets
-msgcenterpy>=0.1.5
-opentrons_shared_data
-pint
-fastapi
-jinja2
-requests
-uvicorn
-pyautogui
-opcua
-pyserial
-pandas
-crcmod-plus
-pymodbus
-matplotlib
-pylibftdi
--- a/unilabos/workflow/common.py
+++ b/unilabos/workflow/common.py
@@ -1,100 +1,3 @@
-"""
-工作流转换模块 - JSON 到 WorkflowGraph 的转换流程
-
-==================== 输入格式 (JSON) ====================
-
-{
-    "workflow": [
-        {"action": "transfer_liquid", "action_args": {"sources": "cell_lines", "targets": "Liquid_1", "asp_vol": 100.0, "dis_vol": 74.75, ...}},
-        ...
-    ],
-    "reagent": {
-        "cell_lines": {"slot": 4, "well": ["A1", "A3", "A5"], "labware": "DRUG + YOYO-MEDIA"},
-        "Liquid_1": {"slot": 1, "well": ["A4", "A7", "A10"], "labware": "rep 1"},
-        ...
-    }
-}
-
-==================== 转换步骤 ====================
-
-第一步: 按 slot 去重创建 create_resource 节点（创建板子）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 首先创建一个 Group 节点（type="Group", minimized=true），用于包含所有 create_resource 节点
- 遍历所有 reagent，按 slot 去重，为每个唯一的 slot 创建一个板子
- 所有 create_resource 节点的 parent_uuid 指向 Group 节点，minimized=true
- 生成参数:
-    res_id: plate_slot_{slot}
-    device_id: /PRCXI
-    class_name: PRCXI_BioER_96_wellplate
-    parent: /PRCXI/PRCXI_Deck/T{slot}
-    slot_on_deck: "{slot}"
- 输出端口: labware（用于连接 set_liquid_from_plate）
- 控制流: create_resource 之间通过 ready 端口串联
-
-示例: slot=1, slot=4 -> 创建 1 个 Group + 2 个 create_resource 节点
-
-第二步: 为每个 reagent 创建 set_liquid_from_plate 节点（设置液体）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 首先创建一个 Group 节点（type="Group", minimized=true），用于包含所有 set_liquid_from_plate 节点
- 遍历所有 reagent，为每个试剂创建 set_liquid_from_plate 节点
- 所有 set_liquid_from_plate 节点的 parent_uuid 指向 Group 节点，minimized=true
- 生成参数:
-    plate: []（通过连接传递，来自 create_resource 的 labware）
-    well_names: ["A1", "A3", "A5"]（来自 reagent 的 well 数组）
-    liquid_names: ["cell_lines", "cell_lines", "cell_lines"]（与 well 数量一致）
-    volumes: [1e5, 1e5, 1e5]（与 well 数量一致，默认体积）
- 输入连接: create_resource (labware) -> set_liquid_from_plate (input_plate)
- 输出端口: output_wells（用于连接 transfer_liquid）
- 控制流: set_liquid_from_plate 连接在所有 create_resource 之后，通过 ready 端口串联
-
-第三步: 解析 workflow，创建 transfer_liquid 等动作节点
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 遍历 workflow 数组，为每个动作创建步骤节点
- 参数重命名: asp_vol -> asp_vols, dis_vol -> dis_vols, asp_flow_rate -> asp_flow_rates, dis_flow_rate -> dis_flow_rates
- 参数扩展: 根据 targets 的 wells 数量，将单值扩展为数组
-    例: asp_vol=100.0, targets 有 3 个 wells -> asp_vols=[100.0, 100.0, 100.0]
- 连接处理: 如果 sources/targets 已通过 set_liquid_from_plate 连接，参数值改为 []
- 输入连接: set_liquid_from_plate (output_wells) -> transfer_liquid (sources_identifier / targets_identifier)
- 输出端口: sources_out, targets_out（用于连接下一个 transfer_liquid）
-
-==================== 连接关系图 ====================
-
-控制流 (ready 端口串联):
-    create_resource_1 -> create_resource_2 -> ... -> set_liquid_1 -> set_liquid_2 -> ... -> transfer_liquid_1 -> transfer_liquid_2 -> ...
-
-物料流:
-    [create_resource] --labware--> [set_liquid_from_plate] --output_wells--> [transfer_liquid] --sources_out/targets_out--> [下一个 transfer_liquid]
-          (slot=1)                    (cell_lines)           (input_plate)     (sources_identifier)                          (sources_identifier)
-          (slot=4)                    (Liquid_1)                               (targets_identifier)                          (targets_identifier)
-
-==================== 端口映射 ====================
-
-create_resource:
-    输出: labware
-
-set_liquid_from_plate:
-    输入: input_plate
-    输出: output_plate, output_wells
-
-transfer_liquid:
-    输入: sources -> sources_identifier, targets -> targets_identifier
-    输出: sources -> sources_out, targets -> targets_out
-
-==================== 设备名配置 (device_name) ====================
-
-每个节点都有 device_name 字段，指定在哪个设备上执行:
- create_resource: device_name = "host_node"（固定）
- set_liquid_from_plate: device_name = "PRCXI"（可配置，见 DEVICE_NAME_DEFAULT）
- transfer_liquid 等动作: device_name = "PRCXI"（可配置，见 DEVICE_NAME_DEFAULT）
-
-==================== 校验规则 ====================
-
- 检查 sources/targets 是否在 reagent 中定义
- 检查 sources 和 targets 的 wells 数量是否匹配
- 检查参数数组长度是否与 wells 数量一致
- 如有问题，在 footer 中添加 [WARN: ...] 标记
-"""
-
 import re
 import uuid

@@ -105,35 +8,6 @@ from typing import Dict, List, Any, Tuple, Optional

 Json = Dict[str, Any]

-
-# ==================== 默认配置 ====================
-
-# 设备名配置
-DEVICE_NAME_HOST = "host_node"  # create_resource 固定在 host_node 上执行
-DEVICE_NAME_DEFAULT = "PRCXI"  # transfer_liquid, set_liquid_from_plate 等动作的默认设备名
-
-# 节点类型
-NODE_TYPE_DEFAULT = "ILab"  # 所有节点的默认类型
-
-# create_resource 节点默认参数
-CREATE_RESOURCE_DEFAULTS = {
-    "device_id": "/PRCXI",
-    "parent_template": "/PRCXI/PRCXI_Deck/T{slot}",  # {slot} 会被替换为实际的 slot 值
-    "class_name": "PRCXI_BioER_96_wellplate",
-}
-
-# 默认液体体积 (uL)
-DEFAULT_LIQUID_VOLUME = 1e5
-
-# 参数重命名映射：单数 -> 复数（用于 transfer_liquid 等动作）
-PARAM_RENAME_MAPPING = {
-    "asp_vol": "asp_vols",
-    "dis_vol": "dis_vols",
-    "asp_flow_rate": "asp_flow_rates",
-    "dis_flow_rate": "dis_flow_rates",
-}
-
-
 # ---------------- Graph ----------------


@@ -354,7 +228,7 @@ def refactor_data(


 def build_protocol_graph(
-    labware_info: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]],
+    labware_info: List[Dict[str, Any]],
    protocol_steps: List[Dict[str, Any]],
    workstation_name: str,
    action_resource_mapping: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
@@ -362,267 +236,112 @@ def build_protocol_graph(
    """统一的协议图构建函数，根据设备类型自动选择构建逻辑

    Args:
-        labware_info: labware 信息字典，格式为 {name: {slot, well, labware, ...}, ...}
+        labware_info: labware 信息字典
        protocol_steps: 协议步骤列表
        workstation_name: 工作站名称
        action_resource_mapping: action 到 resource_name 的映射字典，可选
    """
    G = WorkflowGraph()
-    resource_last_writer = {}  # reagent_name -> "node_id:port"
-    slot_to_create_resource = {}  # slot -> create_resource node_id
+    resource_last_writer = {}

    protocol_steps = refactor_data(protocol_steps, action_resource_mapping)
+    # 有机化学&移液站协议图构建
+    WORKSTATION_ID = workstation_name

-    # ==================== 第一步：按 slot 去重创建 create_resource 节点 ====================
-    # 收集所有唯一的 slot
-    slots_info = {}  # slot -> {labware, res_id}
-    for labware_id, item in labware_info.items():
-        slot = str(item.get("slot", ""))
-        if slot and slot not in slots_info:
-            res_id = f"plate_slot_{slot}"
-            slots_info[slot] = {
-                "labware": item.get("labware", ""),
-                "res_id": res_id,
-            }
-
-    # 创建 Group 节点，包含所有 create_resource 节点
-    group_node_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-    G.add_node(
-        group_node_id,
-        name="Resources Group",
-        type="Group",
-        parent_uuid="",
-        lab_node_type="Device",
-        template_name="",
-        resource_name="",
-        footer="",
-        minimized=True,
-        param=None,
-    )
-
-    # 为每个唯一的 slot 创建 create_resource 节点
+    # 为所有labware创建资源节点
    res_index = 0
-    last_create_resource_id = None
-    for slot, info in slots_info.items():
+    for labware_id, item in labware_info.items():
+        # item_id = item.get("id") or item.get("name", f"item_{uuid.uuid4()}")
        node_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-        res_id = info["res_id"]
+
+        # 判断节点类型
+        if "Rack" in str(labware_id) or "Tip" in str(labware_id):
+            lab_node_type = "Labware"
+            description = f"Prepare Labware: {labware_id}"
+            liquid_type = []
+            liquid_volume = []
+        elif item.get("type") == "hardware" or "reactor" in str(labware_id).lower():
+            if "reactor" not in str(labware_id).lower():
+                continue
+            lab_node_type = "Sample"
+            description = f"Prepare Reactor: {labware_id}"
+            liquid_type = []
+            liquid_volume = []
+        else:
+            lab_node_type = "Reagent"
+            description = f"Add Reagent to Flask: {labware_id}"
+            liquid_type = [labware_id]
+            liquid_volume = [1e5]

        res_index += 1
        G.add_node(
            node_id,
            template_name="create_resource",
            resource_name="host_node",
-            name=f"Plate {res_index}",
-            description=f"Create plate on slot {slot}",
-            lab_node_type="Labware",
+            name=f"Res {res_index}",
+            description=description,
+            lab_node_type=lab_node_type,
            footer="create_resource-host_node",
-            device_name=DEVICE_NAME_HOST,
-            type=NODE_TYPE_DEFAULT,
-            parent_uuid=group_node_id,  # 指向 Group 节点
-            minimized=True,  # 折叠显示
            param={
-                "res_id": res_id,
-                "device_id": CREATE_RESOURCE_DEFAULTS["device_id"],
-                "class_name": CREATE_RESOURCE_DEFAULTS["class_name"],
-                "parent": CREATE_RESOURCE_DEFAULTS["parent_template"].format(slot=slot),
+                "res_id": labware_id,
+                "device_id": WORKSTATION_ID,
+                "class_name": "container",
+                "parent": WORKSTATION_ID,
                "bind_locations": {"x": 0.0, "y": 0.0, "z": 0.0},
-                "slot_on_deck": slot,
+                "liquid_input_slot": [-1],
+                "liquid_type": liquid_type,
+                "liquid_volume": liquid_volume,
+                "slot_on_deck": "",
            },
        )
-        slot_to_create_resource[slot] = node_id
+        resource_last_writer[labware_id] = f"{node_id}:labware"

-        # create_resource 之间通过 ready 串联
-        if last_create_resource_id is not None:
-            G.add_edge(last_create_resource_id, node_id, source_port="ready", target_port="ready")
-        last_create_resource_id = node_id
-
-    # ==================== 第二步：为每个 reagent 创建 set_liquid_from_plate 节点 ====================
-    # 创建 Group 节点，包含所有 set_liquid_from_plate 节点
-    set_liquid_group_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-    G.add_node(
-        set_liquid_group_id,
-        name="SetLiquid Group",
-        type="Group",
-        parent_uuid="",
-        lab_node_type="Device",
-        template_name="",
-        resource_name="",
-        footer="",
-        minimized=True,
-        param=None,
-    )
-
-    set_liquid_index = 0
-    last_set_liquid_id = last_create_resource_id  # set_liquid_from_plate 连接在 create_resource 之后
-
-    for labware_id, item in labware_info.items():
-        # 跳过 Tip/Rack 类型
-        if "Rack" in str(labware_id) or "Tip" in str(labware_id):
-            continue
-        if item.get("type") == "hardware":
-            continue
-
-        slot = str(item.get("slot", ""))
-        wells = item.get("well", [])
-        if not wells or not slot:
-            continue
-
-        # res_id 不能有空格
-        res_id = str(labware_id).replace(" ", "_")
-        well_count = len(wells)
-
-        node_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-        set_liquid_index += 1
-
-        G.add_node(
-            node_id,
-            template_name="set_liquid_from_plate",
-            resource_name="liquid_handler.prcxi",
-            name=f"SetLiquid {set_liquid_index}",
-            description=f"Set liquid: {labware_id}",
-            lab_node_type="Reagent",
-            footer="set_liquid_from_plate-liquid_handler.prcxi",
-            device_name=DEVICE_NAME_DEFAULT,
-            type=NODE_TYPE_DEFAULT,
-            parent_uuid=set_liquid_group_id,  # 指向 Group 节点
-            minimized=True,  # 折叠显示
-            param={
-                "plate": [],  # 通过连接传递
-                "well_names": wells,  # 孔位名数组，如 ["A1", "A3", "A5"]
-                "liquid_names": [res_id] * well_count,
-                "volumes": [DEFAULT_LIQUID_VOLUME] * well_count,
-            },
-        )
-
-        # ready 连接：上一个节点 -> set_liquid_from_plate
-        if last_set_liquid_id is not None:
-            G.add_edge(last_set_liquid_id, node_id, source_port="ready", target_port="ready")
-        last_set_liquid_id = node_id
-
-        # 物料流：create_resource 的 labware -> set_liquid_from_plate 的 input_plate
-        create_res_node_id = slot_to_create_resource.get(slot)
-        if create_res_node_id:
-            G.add_edge(create_res_node_id, node_id, source_port="labware", target_port="input_plate")
-
-        # set_liquid_from_plate 的输出 output_wells 用于连接 transfer_liquid
-        resource_last_writer[labware_id] = f"{node_id}:output_wells"
-
-    last_control_node_id = last_set_liquid_id
-
-    # 端口名称映射：JSON 字段名 -> 实际 handle key
-    INPUT_PORT_MAPPING = {
-        "sources": "sources_identifier",
-        "targets": "targets_identifier",
-        "vessel": "vessel",
-        "to_vessel": "to_vessel",
-        "from_vessel": "from_vessel",
-        "reagent": "reagent",
-        "solvent": "solvent",
-        "compound": "compound",
-    }
-
-    OUTPUT_PORT_MAPPING = {
-        "sources": "sources_out",  # 输出端口是 xxx_out
-        "targets": "targets_out",  # 输出端口是 xxx_out
-        "vessel": "vessel_out",
-        "to_vessel": "to_vessel_out",
-        "from_vessel": "from_vessel_out",
-        "filtrate_vessel": "filtrate_out",
-        "reagent": "reagent",
-        "solvent": "solvent",
-        "compound": "compound",
-    }
-
-    # 需要根据 wells 数量扩展的参数列表（复数形式）
-    EXPAND_BY_WELLS_PARAMS = ["asp_vols", "dis_vols", "asp_flow_rates", "dis_flow_rates"]
+    last_control_node_id = None

    # 处理协议步骤
    for step in protocol_steps:
        node_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-        params = step.get("param", {}).copy()  # 复制一份，避免修改原数据
-        connected_params = set()  # 记录被连接的参数
-        warnings = []  # 收集警告信息
-
-        # 参数重命名：单数 -> 复数
-        for old_name, new_name in PARAM_RENAME_MAPPING.items():
-            if old_name in params:
-                params[new_name] = params.pop(old_name)
-
-        # 处理输入连接
-        for param_key, target_port in INPUT_PORT_MAPPING.items():
-            resource_name = params.get(param_key)
-            if resource_name and resource_name in resource_last_writer:
-                source_node, source_port = resource_last_writer[resource_name].split(":")
-                G.add_edge(source_node, node_id, source_port=source_port, target_port=target_port)
-                connected_params.add(param_key)
-            elif resource_name and resource_name not in resource_last_writer:
-                # 资源名在 labware_info 中不存在
-                warnings.append(f"{param_key}={resource_name} 未找到")
-
-        # 获取 targets 对应的 wells 数量，用于扩展参数
-        targets_name = params.get("targets")
-        sources_name = params.get("sources")
-        targets_wells_count = 1
-        sources_wells_count = 1
-
-        if targets_name and targets_name in labware_info:
-            target_wells = labware_info[targets_name].get("well", [])
-            targets_wells_count = len(target_wells) if target_wells else 1
-        elif targets_name:
-            warnings.append(f"targets={targets_name} 未在 reagent 中定义")
-
-        if sources_name and sources_name in labware_info:
-            source_wells = labware_info[sources_name].get("well", [])
-            sources_wells_count = len(source_wells) if source_wells else 1
-        elif sources_name:
-            warnings.append(f"sources={sources_name} 未在 reagent 中定义")
-
-        # 检查 sources 和 targets 的 wells 数量是否匹配
-        if targets_wells_count != sources_wells_count and targets_name and sources_name:
-            warnings.append(f"wells 数量不匹配: sources={sources_wells_count}, targets={targets_wells_count}")
-
-        # 使用 targets 的 wells 数量来扩展参数
-        wells_count = targets_wells_count
-
-        # 扩展单值参数为数组（根据 targets 的 wells 数量）
-        for expand_param in EXPAND_BY_WELLS_PARAMS:
-            if expand_param in params:
-                value = params[expand_param]
-                # 如果是单个值，扩展为数组
-                if not isinstance(value, list):
-                    params[expand_param] = [value] * wells_count
-                # 如果已经是数组但长度不对，记录警告
-                elif len(value) != wells_count:
-                    warnings.append(f"{expand_param} 数量({len(value)})与 wells({wells_count})不匹配")
-
-        # 如果 sources/targets 已通过连接传递，将参数值改为空数组
-        for param_key in connected_params:
-            if param_key in params:
-                params[param_key] = []
-
-        # 更新 step 的 param、footer、device_name 和 type
-        step_copy = step.copy()
-        step_copy["param"] = params
-        step_copy["device_name"] = DEVICE_NAME_DEFAULT  # 动作节点使用默认设备名
-        step_copy["type"] = NODE_TYPE_DEFAULT  # 节点类型
-
-        # 如果有警告，修改 footer 添加警告标记（警告放前面）
-        if warnings:
-            original_footer = step.get("footer", "")
-            step_copy["footer"] = f"[WARN: {'; '.join(warnings)}] {original_footer}"
-
-        G.add_node(node_id, **step_copy)
+        G.add_node(node_id, **step)

        # 控制流
        if last_control_node_id is not None:
            G.add_edge(last_control_node_id, node_id, source_port="ready", target_port="ready")
        last_control_node_id = node_id

-        # 处理输出：更新 resource_last_writer
-        for param_key, output_port in OUTPUT_PORT_MAPPING.items():
-            resource_name = step.get("param", {}).get(param_key)  # 使用原始参数值
+        # 物料流
+        params = step.get("param", {})
+        input_resources_possible_names = [
+            "vessel",
+            "to_vessel",
+            "from_vessel",
+            "reagent",
+            "solvent",
+            "compound",
+            "sources",
+            "targets",
+        ]
+
+        for target_port in input_resources_possible_names:
+            resource_name = params.get(target_port)
+            if resource_name and resource_name in resource_last_writer:
+                source_node, source_port = resource_last_writer[resource_name].split(":")
+                G.add_edge(source_node, node_id, source_port=source_port, target_port=target_port)
+
+        output_resources = {
+            "vessel_out": params.get("vessel"),
+            "from_vessel_out": params.get("from_vessel"),
+            "to_vessel_out": params.get("to_vessel"),
+            "filtrate_out": params.get("filtrate_vessel"),
+            "reagent": params.get("reagent"),
+            "solvent": params.get("solvent"),
+            "compound": params.get("compound"),
+            "sources_out": params.get("sources"),
+            "targets_out": params.get("targets"),
+        }
+
+        for source_port, resource_name in output_resources.items():
            if resource_name:
-                resource_last_writer[resource_name] = f"{node_id}:{output_port}"
+                resource_last_writer[resource_name] = f"{node_id}:{source_port}"

    return G

--- a/unilabos/workflow/convert_from_json.py
+++ b/unilabos/workflow/convert_from_json.py
@@ -1,68 +1,21 @@
 """
 JSON 工作流转换模块

-将 workflow/reagent 格式的 JSON 转换为统一工作流格式。
-
-输入格式:
-{
-    "workflow": [
-        {"action": "...", "action_args": {...}},
-        ...
-    ],
-    "reagent": {
-        "reagent_name": {"slot": int, "well": [...], "labware": "..."},
-        ...
-    }
-}
+提供从多种 JSON 格式转换为统一工作流格式的功能。
+支持的格式：
+1. workflow/reagent 格式
+2. steps_info/labware_info 格式
 """

 import json
 from os import PathLike
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union

 from unilabos.workflow.common import WorkflowGraph, build_protocol_graph
 from unilabos.registry.registry import lab_registry


-# ==================== 字段映射配置 ====================
-
-# action 到 resource_name 的映射
-ACTION_RESOURCE_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {
-    # 生物实验操作
-    "transfer_liquid": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
-    "transfer": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
-    "incubation": "incubator.prcxi",
-    "move_labware": "labware_mover.prcxi",
-    "oscillation": "shaker.prcxi",
-    # 有机化学操作
-    "HeatChillToTemp": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "StopHeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "StartHeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "HeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "Dissolve": "stirrer.chemputer",
-    "Transfer": "liquid_handler.chemputer",
-    "Evaporate": "rotavap.chemputer",
-    "Recrystallize": "reactor.chemputer",
-    "Filter": "filter.chemputer",
-    "Dry": "dryer.chemputer",
-    "Add": "liquid_handler.chemputer",
-}
-
-# action_args 字段到 parameters 字段的映射
-# 格式: {"old_key": "new_key"}, 仅映射需要重命名的字段
-ARGS_FIELD_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {
-    # 如果需要字段重命名，在这里配置
-    # "old_field_name": "new_field_name",
-}
-
-# 默认工作站名称
-DEFAULT_WORKSTATION = "PRCXI"
-
-
-# ==================== 核心转换函数 ====================
-
-
 def get_action_handles(resource_name: str, template_name: str) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
    """
    从 registry 获取指定设备和动作的 handles 配置
@@ -86,10 +39,12 @@ def get_action_handles(resource_name: str, template_name: str) -> Dict[str, List
    handles = action_config.get("handles", {})

    if isinstance(handles, dict):
+        # 处理 input handles (作为 target)
        for handle in handles.get("input", []):
            handler_key = handle.get("handler_key", "")
            if handler_key:
                result["source"].append(handler_key)
+        # 处理 output handles (作为 source)
        for handle in handles.get("output", []):
            handler_key = handle.get("handler_key", "")
            if handler_key:
@@ -114,9 +69,12 @@ def validate_workflow_handles(graph: WorkflowGraph) -> Tuple[bool, List[str]]:
    for edge in graph.edges:
        left_uuid = edge.get("source")
        right_uuid = edge.get("target")
+        # target_handle_key是target, right的输入节点（入节点）
+        # source_handle_key是source, left的输出节点（出节点）
        right_source_conn_key = edge.get("target_handle_key", "")
        left_target_conn_key = edge.get("source_handle_key", "")

+        # 获取源节点和目标节点信息
        left_node = nodes.get(left_uuid, {})
        right_node = nodes.get(right_uuid, {})

@@ -125,93 +83,164 @@ def validate_workflow_handles(graph: WorkflowGraph) -> Tuple[bool, List[str]]:
        right_res_name = right_node.get("resource_name", "")
        right_template_name = right_node.get("template_name", "")

+        # 获取源节点的 output handles
        left_node_handles = get_action_handles(left_res_name, left_template_name)
        target_valid_keys = left_node_handles.get("target", [])
        target_valid_keys.append("ready")

+        # 获取目标节点的 input handles
        right_node_handles = get_action_handles(right_res_name, right_template_name)
        source_valid_keys = right_node_handles.get("source", [])
        source_valid_keys.append("ready")

-        # 验证目标节点（right）的输入端口
+        # 如果节点配置了 output handles，则 source_port 必须有效
        if not right_source_conn_key:
-            node_name = right_node.get("name", right_uuid[:8])
-            errors.append(f"目标节点 '{node_name}' 的输入端口 (target_handle_key) 为空，应设置为: {source_valid_keys}")
+            node_name = left_node.get("name", left_uuid[:8])
+            errors.append(f"源节点 '{node_name}' 的 source_handle_key 为空，" f"应设置为: {source_valid_keys}")
        elif right_source_conn_key not in source_valid_keys:
-            node_name = right_node.get("name", right_uuid[:8])
+            node_name = left_node.get("name", left_uuid[:8])
            errors.append(
-                f"目标节点 '{node_name}' 的输入端口 '{right_source_conn_key}' 不存在，支持的输入端口: {source_valid_keys}"
+                f"源节点 '{node_name}' 的 source 端点 '{right_source_conn_key}' 不存在，" f"支持的端点: {source_valid_keys}"
            )

-        # 验证源节点（left）的输出端口
+        # 如果节点配置了 input handles，则 target_port 必须有效
        if not left_target_conn_key:
-            node_name = left_node.get("name", left_uuid[:8])
-            errors.append(f"源节点 '{node_name}' 的输出端口 (source_handle_key) 为空，应设置为: {target_valid_keys}")
+            node_name = right_node.get("name", right_uuid[:8])
+            errors.append(f"目标节点 '{node_name}' 的 target_handle_key 为空，" f"应设置为: {target_valid_keys}")
        elif left_target_conn_key not in target_valid_keys:
-            node_name = left_node.get("name", left_uuid[:8])
+            node_name = right_node.get("name", right_uuid[:8])
            errors.append(
-                f"源节点 '{node_name}' 的输出端口 '{left_target_conn_key}' 不存在，支持的输出端口: {target_valid_keys}"
+                f"目标节点 '{node_name}' 的 target 端点 '{left_target_conn_key}' 不存在，"
+                f"支持的端点: {target_valid_keys}"
            )

    return len(errors) == 0, errors


-def normalize_workflow_steps(workflow: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+# action 到 resource_name 的映射
+ACTION_RESOURCE_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {
+    # 生物实验操作
+    "transfer_liquid": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
+    "transfer": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
+    "incubation": "incubator.prcxi",
+    "move_labware": "labware_mover.prcxi",
+    "oscillation": "shaker.prcxi",
+    # 有机化学操作
+    "HeatChillToTemp": "heatchill.chemputer",
+    "StopHeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
+    "StartHeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
+    "HeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
+    "Dissolve": "stirrer.chemputer",
+    "Transfer": "liquid_handler.chemputer",
+    "Evaporate": "rotavap.chemputer",
+    "Recrystallize": "reactor.chemputer",
+    "Filter": "filter.chemputer",
+    "Dry": "dryer.chemputer",
+    "Add": "liquid_handler.chemputer",
+}
+
+
+def normalize_steps(data: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """
-    将 workflow 格式的步骤数据规范化
+    将不同格式的步骤数据规范化为统一格式

-    输入格式:
-        [{"action": "...", "action_args": {...}}, ...]
-
-    输出格式:
-        [{"action": "...", "parameters": {...}, "step_number": int}, ...]
+    支持的输入格式：
+    - action + parameters
+    - action + action_args
+    - operation + parameters

    Args:
-        workflow: workflow 数组
+        data: 原始步骤数据列表

    Returns:
-        规范化后的步骤列表
+        规范化后的步骤列表，格式为 [{"action": str, "parameters": dict, "description": str?, "step_number": int?}, ...]
    """
    normalized = []
-    for idx, step in enumerate(workflow):
-        action = step.get("action")
+    for idx, step in enumerate(data):
+        # 获取动作名称（支持 action 或 operation 字段）
+        action = step.get("action") or step.get("operation")
        if not action:
            continue

-        # 获取参数: action_args
-        raw_params = step.get("action_args", {})
-        params = {}
+        # 获取参数（支持 parameters 或 action_args 字段）
+        raw_params = step.get("parameters") or step.get("action_args") or {}
+        params = dict(raw_params)

-        # 应用字段映射
-        for key, value in raw_params.items():
-            mapped_key = ARGS_FIELD_MAPPING.get(key, key)
-            params[mapped_key] = value
+        # 规范化 source/target -> sources/targets
+        if "source" in raw_params and "sources" not in raw_params:
+            params["sources"] = raw_params["source"]
+        if "target" in raw_params and "targets" not in raw_params:
+            params["targets"] = raw_params["target"]

-        step_dict = {
-            "action": action,
-            "parameters": params,
-            "step_number": idx + 1,
-        }
+        # 获取描述（支持 description 或 purpose 字段）
+        description = step.get("description") or step.get("purpose")

-        # 保留描述字段
-        if "description" in step:
-            step_dict["description"] = step["description"]
+        # 获取步骤编号（优先使用原始数据中的 step_number，否则使用索引+1）
+        step_number = step.get("step_number", idx + 1)
+
+        step_dict = {"action": action, "parameters": params, "step_number": step_number}
+        if description:
+            step_dict["description"] = description

        normalized.append(step_dict)

    return normalized


+def normalize_labware(data: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """
+    将不同格式的 labware 数据规范化为统一的字典格式
+
+    支持的输入格式：
+    - reagent_name + material_name + positions
+    - name + labware + slot
+
+    Args:
+        data: 原始 labware 数据列表
+
+    Returns:
+        规范化后的 labware 字典，格式为 {name: {"slot": int, "labware": str, "well": list, "type": str, "role": str, "name": str}, ...}
+    """
+    labware = {}
+    for item in data:
+        # 获取 key 名称（优先使用 reagent_name，其次是 material_name 或 name）
+        reagent_name = item.get("reagent_name")
+        key = reagent_name or item.get("material_name") or item.get("name")
+        if not key:
+            continue
+
+        key = str(key)
+
+        # 处理重复 key，自动添加后缀
+        idx = 1
+        original_key = key
+        while key in labware:
+            idx += 1
+            key = f"{original_key}_{idx}"
+
+        labware[key] = {
+            "slot": item.get("positions") or item.get("slot"),
+            "labware": item.get("material_name") or item.get("labware"),
+            "well": item.get("well", []),
+            "type": item.get("type", "reagent"),
+            "role": item.get("role", ""),
+            "name": key,
+        }
+
+    return labware
+
+
 def convert_from_json(
    data: Union[str, PathLike, Dict[str, Any]],
-    workstation_name: str = DEFAULT_WORKSTATION,
+    workstation_name: str = "PRCXi",
    validate: bool = True,
 ) -> WorkflowGraph:
    """
    从 JSON 数据或文件转换为 WorkflowGraph

-    JSON 格式:
-        {"workflow": [...], "reagent": {...}}
+    支持的 JSON 格式：
+    1. {"workflow": [...], "reagent": {...}} - 直接格式
+    2. {"steps_info": [...], "labware_info": [...]} - 需要规范化的格式

    Args:
        data: JSON 文件路径、字典数据、或 JSON 字符串
@@ -222,7 +251,7 @@ def convert_from_json(
        WorkflowGraph: 构建好的工作流图

    Raises:
-        ValueError: 不支持的 JSON 格式
+        ValueError: 不支持的 JSON 格式 或 句柄校验失败
        FileNotFoundError: 文件不存在
        json.JSONDecodeError: JSON 解析失败
    """
@@ -233,6 +262,7 @@ def convert_from_json(
            with path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
                json_data = json.load(fp)
        elif isinstance(data, str):
+            # 尝试作为 JSON 字符串解析
            json_data = json.loads(data)
        else:
            raise FileNotFoundError(f"文件不存在: {data}")
@@ -241,24 +271,30 @@ def convert_from_json(
    else:
        raise TypeError(f"不支持的数据类型: {type(data)}")

-    # 校验格式
-    if "workflow" not in json_data or "reagent" not in json_data:
+    # 根据格式解析数据
+    if "workflow" in json_data and "reagent" in json_data:
+        # 格式1: workflow/reagent（已经是规范格式）
+        protocol_steps = json_data["workflow"]
+        labware_info = json_data["reagent"]
+    elif "steps_info" in json_data and "labware_info" in json_data:
+        # 格式2: steps_info/labware_info（需要规范化）
+        protocol_steps = normalize_steps(json_data["steps_info"])
+        labware_info = normalize_labware(json_data["labware_info"])
+    elif "steps" in json_data and "labware" in json_data:
+        # 格式3: steps/labware（另一种常见格式）
+        protocol_steps = normalize_steps(json_data["steps"])
+        if isinstance(json_data["labware"], list):
+            labware_info = normalize_labware(json_data["labware"])
+        else:
+            labware_info = json_data["labware"]
+    else:
        raise ValueError(
-            "不支持的 JSON 格式。请使用标准格式:\n"
-            '{"workflow": [{"action": "...", "action_args": {...}}, ...], '
-            '"reagent": {"name": {"slot": int, "well": [...], "labware": "..."}, ...}}'
+            "不支持的 JSON 格式。支持的格式：\n"
+            "1. {'workflow': [...], 'reagent': {...}}\n"
+            "2. {'steps_info': [...], 'labware_info': [...]}\n"
+            "3. {'steps': [...], 'labware': [...]}"
        )

-    # 提取数据
-    workflow = json_data["workflow"]
-    reagent = json_data["reagent"]
-
-    # 规范化步骤数据
-    protocol_steps = normalize_workflow_steps(workflow)
-
-    # reagent 已经是字典格式，直接使用
-    labware_info = reagent
-
    # 构建工作流图
    graph = build_protocol_graph(
        labware_info=labware_info,
@@ -281,7 +317,7 @@ def convert_from_json(

 def convert_json_to_node_link(
    data: Union[str, PathLike, Dict[str, Any]],
-    workstation_name: str = DEFAULT_WORKSTATION,
+    workstation_name: str = "PRCXi",
 ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """
    将 JSON 数据转换为 node-link 格式的字典
@@ -299,7 +335,7 @@ def convert_json_to_node_link(

 def convert_json_to_workflow_list(
    data: Union[str, PathLike, Dict[str, Any]],
-    workstation_name: str = DEFAULT_WORKSTATION,
+    workstation_name: str = "PRCXi",
 ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """
    将 JSON 数据转换为工作流列表格式
@@ -313,3 +349,8 @@ def convert_json_to_workflow_list(
    """
    graph = convert_from_json(data, workstation_name)
    return graph.to_dict()
+
+
+# 为了向后兼容，保留下划线前缀的别名
+_normalize_steps = normalize_steps
+_normalize_labware = normalize_labware
--- a/unilabos/workflow/legacy/convert_from_json_legacy.py
+++ b/unilabos/workflow/legacy/convert_from_json_legacy.py
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-"""
-JSON 工作流转换模块
-
-提供从多种 JSON 格式转换为统一工作流格式的功能。
-支持的格式：
-1. workflow/reagent 格式
-2. steps_info/labware_info 格式
-"""
-
-import json
-from os import PathLike
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
-
-from unilabos.workflow.common import WorkflowGraph, build_protocol_graph
-from unilabos.registry.registry import lab_registry
-
-
-def get_action_handles(resource_name: str, template_name: str) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
-    """
-    从 registry 获取指定设备和动作的 handles 配置
-
-    Args:
-        resource_name: 设备资源名称，如 "liquid_handler.prcxi"
-        template_name: 动作模板名称，如 "transfer_liquid"
-
-    Returns:
-        包含 source 和 target handler_keys 的字典:
-        {"source": ["sources_out", "targets_out", ...], "target": ["sources", "targets", ...]}
-    """
-    result = {"source": [], "target": []}
-
-    device_info = lab_registry.device_type_registry.get(resource_name, {})
-    if not device_info:
-        return result
-
-    action_mappings = device_info.get("class", {}).get("action_value_mappings", {})
-    action_config = action_mappings.get(template_name, {})
-    handles = action_config.get("handles", {})
-
-    if isinstance(handles, dict):
-        # 处理 input handles (作为 target)
-        for handle in handles.get("input", []):
-            handler_key = handle.get("handler_key", "")
-            if handler_key:
-                result["source"].append(handler_key)
-        # 处理 output handles (作为 source)
-        for handle in handles.get("output", []):
-            handler_key = handle.get("handler_key", "")
-            if handler_key:
-                result["target"].append(handler_key)
-
-    return result
-
-
-def validate_workflow_handles(graph: WorkflowGraph) -> Tuple[bool, List[str]]:
-    """
-    校验工作流图中所有边的句柄配置是否正确
-
-    Args:
-        graph: 工作流图对象
-
-    Returns:
-        (is_valid, errors): 是否有效，错误信息列表
-    """
-    errors = []
-    nodes = graph.nodes
-
-    for edge in graph.edges:
-        left_uuid = edge.get("source")
-        right_uuid = edge.get("target")
-        # target_handle_key是target, right的输入节点（入节点）
-        # source_handle_key是source, left的输出节点（出节点）
-        right_source_conn_key = edge.get("target_handle_key", "")
-        left_target_conn_key = edge.get("source_handle_key", "")
-
-        # 获取源节点和目标节点信息
-        left_node = nodes.get(left_uuid, {})
-        right_node = nodes.get(right_uuid, {})
-
-        left_res_name = left_node.get("resource_name", "")
-        left_template_name = left_node.get("template_name", "")
-        right_res_name = right_node.get("resource_name", "")
-        right_template_name = right_node.get("template_name", "")
-
-        # 获取源节点的 output handles
-        left_node_handles = get_action_handles(left_res_name, left_template_name)
-        target_valid_keys = left_node_handles.get("target", [])
-        target_valid_keys.append("ready")
-
-        # 获取目标节点的 input handles
-        right_node_handles = get_action_handles(right_res_name, right_template_name)
-        source_valid_keys = right_node_handles.get("source", [])
-        source_valid_keys.append("ready")
-
-        # 如果节点配置了 output handles，则 source_port 必须有效
-        if not right_source_conn_key:
-            node_name = left_node.get("name", left_uuid[:8])
-            errors.append(f"源节点 '{node_name}' 的 source_handle_key 为空，" f"应设置为: {source_valid_keys}")
-        elif right_source_conn_key not in source_valid_keys:
-            node_name = left_node.get("name", left_uuid[:8])
-            errors.append(
-                f"源节点 '{node_name}' 的 source 端点 '{right_source_conn_key}' 不存在，" f"支持的端点: {source_valid_keys}"
-            )
-
-        # 如果节点配置了 input handles，则 target_port 必须有效
-        if not left_target_conn_key:
-            node_name = right_node.get("name", right_uuid[:8])
-            errors.append(f"目标节点 '{node_name}' 的 target_handle_key 为空，" f"应设置为: {target_valid_keys}")
-        elif left_target_conn_key not in target_valid_keys:
-            node_name = right_node.get("name", right_uuid[:8])
-            errors.append(
-                f"目标节点 '{node_name}' 的 target 端点 '{left_target_conn_key}' 不存在，"
-                f"支持的端点: {target_valid_keys}"
-            )
-
-    return len(errors) == 0, errors
-
-
-# action 到 resource_name 的映射
-ACTION_RESOURCE_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {
-    # 生物实验操作
-    "transfer_liquid": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
-    "transfer": "liquid_handler.prcxi",
-    "incubation": "incubator.prcxi",
-    "move_labware": "labware_mover.prcxi",
-    "oscillation": "shaker.prcxi",
-    # 有机化学操作
-    "HeatChillToTemp": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "StopHeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "StartHeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "HeatChill": "heatchill.chemputer",
-    "Dissolve": "stirrer.chemputer",
-    "Transfer": "liquid_handler.chemputer",
-    "Evaporate": "rotavap.chemputer",
-    "Recrystallize": "reactor.chemputer",
-    "Filter": "filter.chemputer",
-    "Dry": "dryer.chemputer",
-    "Add": "liquid_handler.chemputer",
-}
-
-
-def normalize_steps(data: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """
-    将不同格式的步骤数据规范化为统一格式
-
-    支持的输入格式：
-    - action + parameters
-    - action + action_args
-    - operation + parameters
-
-    Args:
-        data: 原始步骤数据列表
-
-    Returns:
-        规范化后的步骤列表，格式为 [{"action": str, "parameters": dict, "description": str?, "step_number": int?}, ...]
-    """
-    normalized = []
-    for idx, step in enumerate(data):
-        # 获取动作名称（支持 action 或 operation 字段）
-        action = step.get("action") or step.get("operation")
-        if not action:
-            continue
-
-        # 获取参数（支持 parameters 或 action_args 字段）
-        raw_params = step.get("parameters") or step.get("action_args") or {}
-        params = dict(raw_params)
-
-        # 规范化 source/target -> sources/targets
-        if "source" in raw_params and "sources" not in raw_params:
-            params["sources"] = raw_params["source"]
-        if "target" in raw_params and "targets" not in raw_params:
-            params["targets"] = raw_params["target"]
-
-        # 获取描述（支持 description 或 purpose 字段）
-        description = step.get("description") or step.get("purpose")
-
-        # 获取步骤编号（优先使用原始数据中的 step_number，否则使用索引+1）
-        step_number = step.get("step_number", idx + 1)
-
-        step_dict = {"action": action, "parameters": params, "step_number": step_number}
-        if description:
-            step_dict["description"] = description
-
-        normalized.append(step_dict)
-
-    return normalized
-
-
-def normalize_labware(data: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """
-    将不同格式的 labware 数据规范化为统一的字典格式
-
-    支持的输入格式：
-    - reagent_name + material_name + positions
-    - name + labware + slot
-
-    Args:
-        data: 原始 labware 数据列表
-
-    Returns:
-        规范化后的 labware 字典，格式为 {name: {"slot": int, "labware": str, "well": list, "type": str, "role": str, "name": str}, ...}
-    """
-    labware = {}
-    for item in data:
-        # 获取 key 名称（优先使用 reagent_name，其次是 material_name 或 name）
-        reagent_name = item.get("reagent_name")
-        key = reagent_name or item.get("material_name") or item.get("name")
-        if not key:
-            continue
-
-        key = str(key)
-
-        # 处理重复 key，自动添加后缀
-        idx = 1
-        original_key = key
-        while key in labware:
-            idx += 1
-            key = f"{original_key}_{idx}"
-
-        labware[key] = {
-            "slot": item.get("positions") or item.get("slot"),
-            "labware": item.get("material_name") or item.get("labware"),
-            "well": item.get("well", []),
-            "type": item.get("type", "reagent"),
-            "role": item.get("role", ""),
-            "name": key,
-        }
-
-    return labware
-
-
-def convert_from_json(
-    data: Union[str, PathLike, Dict[str, Any]],
-    workstation_name: str = "PRCXi",
-    validate: bool = True,
-) -> WorkflowGraph:
-    """
-    从 JSON 数据或文件转换为 WorkflowGraph
-
-    支持的 JSON 格式：
-    1. {"workflow": [...], "reagent": {...}} - 直接格式
-    2. {"steps_info": [...], "labware_info": [...]} - 需要规范化的格式
-
-    Args:
-        data: JSON 文件路径、字典数据、或 JSON 字符串
-        workstation_name: 工作站名称，默认 "PRCXi"
-        validate: 是否校验句柄配置，默认 True
-
-    Returns:
-        WorkflowGraph: 构建好的工作流图
-
-    Raises:
-        ValueError: 不支持的 JSON 格式 或 句柄校验失败
-        FileNotFoundError: 文件不存在
-        json.JSONDecodeError: JSON 解析失败
-    """
-    # 处理输入数据
-    if isinstance(data, (str, PathLike)):
-        path = Path(data)
-        if path.exists():
-            with path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
-                json_data = json.load(fp)
-        elif isinstance(data, str):
-            # 尝试作为 JSON 字符串解析
-            json_data = json.loads(data)
-        else:
-            raise FileNotFoundError(f"文件不存在: {data}")
-    elif isinstance(data, dict):
-        json_data = data
-    else:
-        raise TypeError(f"不支持的数据类型: {type(data)}")
-
-    # 根据格式解析数据
-    if "workflow" in json_data and "reagent" in json_data:
-        # 格式1: workflow/reagent（已经是规范格式）
-        protocol_steps = json_data["workflow"]
-        labware_info = json_data["reagent"]
-    elif "steps_info" in json_data and "labware_info" in json_data:
-        # 格式2: steps_info/labware_info（需要规范化）
-        protocol_steps = normalize_steps(json_data["steps_info"])
-        labware_info = normalize_labware(json_data["labware_info"])
-    elif "steps" in json_data and "labware" in json_data:
-        # 格式3: steps/labware（另一种常见格式）
-        protocol_steps = normalize_steps(json_data["steps"])
-        if isinstance(json_data["labware"], list):
-            labware_info = normalize_labware(json_data["labware"])
-        else:
-            labware_info = json_data["labware"]
-    else:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "不支持的 JSON 格式。支持的格式：\n"
-            "1. {'workflow': [...], 'reagent': {...}}\n"
-            "2. {'steps_info': [...], 'labware_info': [...]}\n"
-            "3. {'steps': [...], 'labware': [...]}"
-        )
-
-    # 构建工作流图
-    graph = build_protocol_graph(
-        labware_info=labware_info,
-        protocol_steps=protocol_steps,
-        workstation_name=workstation_name,
-        action_resource_mapping=ACTION_RESOURCE_MAPPING,
-    )
-
-    # 校验句柄配置
-    if validate:
-        is_valid, errors = validate_workflow_handles(graph)
-        if not is_valid:
-            import warnings
-
-            for error in errors:
-                warnings.warn(f"句柄校验警告: {error}")
-
-    return graph
-
-
-def convert_json_to_node_link(
-    data: Union[str, PathLike, Dict[str, Any]],
-    workstation_name: str = "PRCXi",
-) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    将 JSON 数据转换为 node-link 格式的字典
-
-    Args:
-        data: JSON 文件路径、字典数据、或 JSON 字符串
-        workstation_name: 工作站名称，默认 "PRCXi"
-
-    Returns:
-        Dict: node-link 格式的工作流数据
-    """
-    graph = convert_from_json(data, workstation_name)
-    return graph.to_node_link_dict()
-
-
-def convert_json_to_workflow_list(
-    data: Union[str, PathLike, Dict[str, Any]],
-    workstation_name: str = "PRCXi",
-) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """
-    将 JSON 数据转换为工作流列表格式
-
-    Args:
-        data: JSON 文件路径、字典数据、或 JSON 字符串
-        workstation_name: 工作站名称，默认 "PRCXi"
-
-    Returns:
-        List: 工作流节点列表
-    """
-    graph = convert_from_json(data, workstation_name)
-    return graph.to_dict()
-
-
-# 为了向后兼容，保留下划线前缀的别名
-_normalize_steps = normalize_steps
-_normalize_labware = normalize_labware
--- a/unilabos_msgs/package.xml
+++ b/unilabos_msgs/package.xml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 <?xml-model href="http://download.ros.org/schema/package_format3.xsd" schematypens="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"?>
 <package format="3">
  <name>unilabos_msgs</name>
-  <version>0.10.17</version>
+  <version>0.10.15</version>
  <description>ROS2 Messages package for unilabos devices</description>
  <maintainer email="changjh@pku.edu.cn">Junhan Chang</maintainer>
  <maintainer email="18435084+Xuwznln@users.noreply.github.com">Xuwznln</maintainer>