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Uni-Lab-OS/.cursor/rules/ros-integration.mdc
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---
description: ROS 2 集成开发规范
globs: ["unilabos/ros/**/*.py", "**/*_node.py"]
---
# ROS 2 集成开发规范
## 概述
Uni-Lab-OS 使用 ROS 2 作为设备通信中间件,基于 rclpy 实现。
## 核心组件
### BaseROS2DeviceNode
设备节点基类,提供:
- ROS Topic 自动发布(状态属性)
- Action Server 自动创建(设备动作)
- 资源管理服务
- 异步任务调度
```python
from unilabos.ros.nodes.base_device_node import BaseROS2DeviceNode
```
### 消息转换器
```python
from unilabos.ros.msgs.message_converter import (
convert_to_ros_msg,
convert_from_ros_msg_with_mapping,
msg_converter_manager,
ros_action_to_json_schema,
ros_message_to_json_schema,
)
```
## 设备与 ROS 集成
### post_init 方法
设备类必须实现 `post_init` 方法接收 ROS 节点:
```python
class MyDevice:
_ros_node: BaseROS2DeviceNode
def post_init(self, ros_node: BaseROS2DeviceNode):
"""ROS节点注入"""
self._ros_node = ros_node
```
### 状态属性发布
设备的 `@property` 属性会自动发布为 ROS Topic
```python
class MyDevice:
@property
def temperature(self) -> float:
return self._temperature
# 自动发布到 /{namespace}/temperature Topic
```
### Topic 配置装饰器
```python
from unilabos.utils.decorator import topic_config
class MyDevice:
@property
@topic_config(period=1.0, print_publish=False, qos=10)
def fast_data(self) -> float:
"""高频数据 - 每秒发布一次"""
return self._fast_data
@property
@topic_config(period=5.0)
def slow_data(self) -> str:
"""低频数据 - 每5秒发布一次"""
return self._slow_data
```
### 订阅装饰器
```python
from unilabos.utils.decorator import subscribe
class MyDevice:
@subscribe(topic="/external/sensor_data", qos=10)
def on_sensor_data(self, msg):
"""订阅外部Topic"""
self._sensor_value = msg.data
```
## 异步操作
### 使用 ROS 节点睡眠
```python
# 推荐使用ROS节点的睡眠方法
await self._ros_node.sleep(1.0)
# 不推荐直接使用asyncio可能导致回调阻塞
await asyncio.sleep(1.0)
```
### 获取事件循环
```python
from unilabos.ros.x.rclpyx import get_event_loop
loop = get_event_loop()
```
## 消息类型
### unilabos_msgs 包
```python
from unilabos_msgs.msg import Resource
from unilabos_msgs.srv import (
ResourceAdd,
ResourceDelete,
ResourceUpdate,
ResourceList,
SerialCommand,
)
from unilabos_msgs.action import SendCmd
```
### Resource 消息结构
```python
Resource:
id: str
name: str
category: str
type: str
parent: str
children: List[str]
config: str # JSON字符串
data: str # JSON字符串
sample_id: str
pose: Pose
```
## 日志适配器
```python
from unilabos.utils.log import info, debug, warning, error, trace
class MyDevice:
def __init__(self):
# 创建设备专属日志器
self.logger = logging.getLogger(f"MyDevice.{self.device_id}")
```
ROSLoggerAdapter 同时向自定义日志和 ROS 日志发送消息。
## Action Server
设备动作自动创建为 ROS Action Server
```yaml
# 在注册表中配置
action_value_mappings:
my_action:
type: UniLabJsonCommandAsync # 异步Action
goal: {...}
feedback: {...}
result: {...}
```
### Action 类型
- **UniLabJsonCommand**: 同步动作
- **UniLabJsonCommandAsync**: 异步动作支持feedback
## 服务客户端
```python
from rclpy.client import Client
# 调用其他节点的服务
response = await self._ros_node.call_service(
service_name="/other_node/service",
request=MyServiceRequest(...)
)
```
## 命名空间
设备节点使用命名空间隔离:
```
/{device_id}/ # 设备命名空间
/{device_id}/status # 状态Topic
/{device_id}/temperature # 温度Topic
/{device_id}/my_action # 动作Server
```
## 调试
### 查看 Topic
```bash
ros2 topic list
ros2 topic echo /{device_id}/status
```
### 查看 Action
```bash
ros2 action list
ros2 action info /{device_id}/my_action
```
### 查看 Service
```bash
ros2 service list
ros2 service call /{device_id}/resource_list unilabos_msgs/srv/ResourceList
```
## 最佳实践
1. **状态属性命名**: 使用蛇形命名法snake_case
2. **Topic 频率**: 根据数据变化频率调整,避免过高频率
3. **Action 反馈**: 长时间操作提供进度反馈
4. **错误处理**: 使用 try-except 捕获并记录错误
5. **资源清理**: 在 cleanup 方法中正确清理资源